INGO key o bjectives and f unctions
1. raise issues that are not affected by the activities of governments; (make noise)
2. collect, process and disseminate information about international issues that require public attention; (disclose and raise awareness)
3. initiate specific approaches to solving such problems and encourage governments to conclude appropriate agreements; (propose approaches to solving problems and put pressure on governments, so that they act)
4. lobby governments and interstate structures in order to make the necessary decisions; (lobbying and propaganda)
5. they monitor the activities of governments and interstate structures in various spheres of international life and the fulfillment by States and intergovernmental organizations of their obligations; (supervision and monitoring)
6. mobilize public opinion and contribute to the emergence of a sense of involvement of the "common man" in major international problems. (mobilization of public opinion and the development of a “sense of belonging” of each person to global challenges and problems)
f unctions
ü Service delivery
ü Catalysts of change
ü Partnerships
INGO place and role in global governance. Partnerships with global international organizations.
37. INGO sources of finance – examples, principles.
· replenish their budget with membership fees and voluntary donations;
· play actively on the international “aid market”;
· bidding for contracts from international organizations and government agencies;
· receive funding directly from national governments and from other pro-government foundations and agencies;
Transparency International and Amnesty International – description and comparative analysis
Part of Transparency International’s work is to develop and promote practical tools that reduce the opportunities for corruption and enhance the ability of people and organizations to resist it.
It works with experts from companies, universities and other NGOs to create tools suited to a range of situations in many sectors of society.
Tools:
• Manuals and toolkits for monitoring public procurement processes,
• concrete guidance for companies on avoiding extortion and curtailing bribery,
• reliable diagnostics for measuring and mapping corruption
These tools give individuals and institutions creative solutions to some of the most common challenges in countering corruption.
Examples:
• Private sector tools include the Business Principles for Countering Bribery
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• Public sector tools include Integrity Pacts
• Tools for corruption researchers include GATEway
• Tools for activists, educators and other members of civil society include the Corruption Fighters' Toolkits”
INGO that is dedicated to the
promotion and protection of internationally regarded human rights
Goals:
• Stop violence against women
• Defend the rights and dignity of those trapped in poverty
• Abolish the death penalty
• Oppose torture and combat terror with justice
• Free prisoners of conscience
• Protect the rights of refugees and migrants
• Regulate the global arms trade
This organization uses more of an advocacy approach to promote change and human rights within the government.
It mobilizes “public pressure through mass demonstrations, watch and direct lobbying as well as online and offline campaigning” in order to promote its ongoing campaigns, which reflect AI goals
Amnesty International Charity Limited is a company registered in England & Wales, limited by guarantee (no. 02007475) and a registered charity (no. 294230), with registered office at 1 Easton Street, London WC1X 0DW.
INGO criticism – main points, arguments, examples
- Dependence of governments and donors
- Government substitution in developing countries instead of building capacity and supporting professional development of local staff in public sector
- International humanitarian assistance programs often becoming a supply-driven business
- A threat to social and political stability in developing countries: NGO swarming (рой, туча)
- Alien (foreign) values being imposed and local culture destroyed (e.g. “import of democracy”)
- INGO commercialization
- INGO corporatization
- Prevalence of single-issue campaigns instead of systemic treatment of development issues
- NGO self-perpetuation
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