Exercise 13. Fill in the proper words from the list below.
| -absorb -within -turn into -store -rainfalls -pulled -bleaching -lethal -affect-proximity -replace -degradation -enrichment –toxic - destroy |
1. There is a considerable variation of pollutants at specific locations … the same river through time (inside the range or limits of something). 2. The content of pollutants in the water depends on the … to the sea and by prevailing winds (the state of being near some place). 3. Ecologists are working on the problem of nutrient … of deteriorated water and soil (improvement of the quality).
4. During heavy … a lot of farmyards pollutants penetrate into the water that causes widespread ecological damage in the rivers (the total amount of rain).
5. Bright white paper is obtained by … with chlorine gas and in this process
a dioxin is released as a by-product (making sth white). 6. Most … chemicals are very hazardous for people's health, they induce allergies and problems with respiration (poisonous). 7. Ecological disasters that happen more and more often are able to lead to the full … of some areas on the Earth (extreme low in quality). 8. People working at and living near nuclear electric stations are in danger of receiving the … doses of radiation (causing death). 9. Alternative sources of energy can … fossil fuels such as coal, oil and others, and nuclear energy used in industry (exchange sth for sth). 10. Solar panels are able to … and … the sun's energy on sunny days (to take or draw sth in; to keep).
11. Before the motorcars have become a widespread means of transport, people depended on horses which … different kinds of vehicles (to move sth in
a special direction). 12. Special machines … the energy of wind … electric power while rotating devices of wind mills (to convert). 13. Scientists have confirmed that climate change happening in distant areas can … directly the weather in the densely populated regions of Europe or Asia (to influence).
14. The ozone layer that protects the Earth from the dangerous light of the sun is … in the process of air pollution (to destruct).
Exercise 14. Fill in the proper words from the list below:
assess; efforts; incentives; maintain; low-lying; destruction; urgency; evolved; uninhabitable; inventory; restoration; rate.
1. Some scientists report that species extinction is occurring at present at the … of three species a day (a speed of movement, change). 2. The … of the tropical rain forests leads to the loss of areas which are inhabited by a half of the entire world's species (devastation, disruption). 3. It is widely known that the groundwater saturation reaches the surface of … land making it convenient for the life of many kinds of reptiles and water-resistant plants (not high). 4. The vast expansion of growing cities and towns makes fields and forests … for most species (impossible for living). 5. The biological diversity has … over the centuries and resulted in development of numerous extraordinary species of animals and plants on the Earth (to develop naturally and gradually). 6. Now
a lot of organizations in the world are accomplishing a constant … of the global conservation status of biological species (a detailed list of sth). 7. In order to … the risk of extinction to species a special monitoring is made in different countries (to estimate the nature or value of sth). 8. As a result of outreach activities of ecological organizations people began to understand the … of conservation measures (a matter of the greatest importance). 9. Huge … should be made at all levels, from individual to global, to stop species extinction (attempts that require a lot of energy). 10. Special committees are anxious of habitats and ecosystems … as a way to reconstruct the natural balance on the planet (the action of recovery, regeneration). 11. The local authorities should create … industry to use cleaner methods of production for reducing the harmful effects on the environment (encouragement). 12. It is necessary to preserve wildlife in order to … the natural biodiversity on the Earth (to keep sth in existence).
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Exercise 15. Complete each sentence about endangered species with a / an, some, or any.
1. When the last member of … species dies, we say that the species has become extinct.
2. There aren't … dinosaurs left alive because they died out millions of years ago.
3. … plants, birds and animals are still in danger from human beings.
4. This is often because human beings destroy the habitats of animals, so that they don't have … food to eat.
5. When … animal or a plant becomes extinct, this can affect the plants and animals which depend on it for food.
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6. For example, there aren't … dodos left alive.
7. This bird once lived on the island of Mauritius where there weren't … animals to eat it.
8. It couldn't fly, and was … easy meal for dogs and rats brought to the island by Europeans in the 16th century.
9. Within a hundred years, the dodo became extinct, and although we still have … paintings of dodos, there aren't … preserved examples,
10. Scientists have recently found … bones on the island, but nothing else is left of the dodo.
PART 4. TEST YOURSELF
Variant 1
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