Exercise 3. Read the text, translate it and answer the questions.
Types of computers
A computer is a device that takes in data, processes it according to a program, and then outputs the processed data in some form. There is an increasing variety of computers of different sizes and designed for different purposes. One of the most important considerations when buying a computer is deciding how it is going to be used.
The modern computers are of three types called analog, digital and hybrid. An analog computer computes by using physical analogs of numerical measurements. A digital computer computes by using the numbers (digits) and yeses and noes expressed usually in 1’s and 0’s. A hybrid computer is a machine which combines some of the properties of digital and analog.
Computers can be divided into three broad categories: mainframe computers, minicomputers, and microcomputers. Mainframes are large, powerful, expensive computers that are operated by a team of professionals and are designed to be used by many people at the same time. The most powerful mainframes are sometimes called supercomputers.
Minicomputers are really cut-down mainframes and are no longer very common.
The most common type of computer is the microcomputer. Microcomputers are sometimes called personal computers. There is an increasing variety of portable microcomputers that can be grouped according to their size. However, as computers get smaller, it becomes more difficult to use them with a keyboard.
Exercise 4. Answer the questions to the text.
1. What is one of the most important considerations when buying a computer?
2. What are the three main computer types?
3. What does each of them do?
4. What are mainframes?
5. The most common type of computer is laptop, isn’t it?
6. Why is it difficult sometimes to use computers?
Exercise 5. Make up the degrees of comparison of the following adjectives.
portable, common, small, expensive, good, little, perfect, busy, funny, fast, light, bad, cheap, famous, thin.
Exercise 6. Translate the adjectives into English.
самый удобный, легче, более дорогой, самый быстрый, широко распространенный, более сложный, самый большой.
Exercise 7. Find in the text all the adjectives in their degrees of comparison. Explain the rules of their formation.
| Положительная степень | Сравнительная степень | Превосходная степень |
Exercise 8. Choose the correct adjective and fill in its proper form.
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1. light/heavy Laptops are ____________ than desktop computers, but __________ than notebooks.
2. large/small The mainframe is the __________ type of computer. A minicomputer is ____________ than a microcomputer.
3. common/good Personal computers are ___________ than mainframes but mainframes are __________ than personal computers at processing very large amounts of data.
4. powerful/expensive Minicomputers are _________ than mainframes but they are also ___________.
5. fast/cheap New computers are ________ and sometimes ________ than older machines.
6. powerful/expensive Laptops are often _________ than PCs but they are not as __________.
Exercise 9. Listening.
Listen to the conversation between a shop assistant and a customer. Choose the correct answers to these questions.
1. A customer wants a computer for:
- writing
- video
- graphics
- games
- internet
2. A multimedia computer provides:
- sound
- graphics
- animation
- telephone
- video
3. Which hardware items were named:
- multimedia computer
- multimedia notebook
- subnotebook
- laptop
- handheld
- printer
- monitor
- modem
4. What items did the shop assistant recommend?
Exercise 10. Find the information about: mainframes, minicomputers, PCs, laptops, notebooks, palmtops, subnotebooks and make a small report.
Exercise 11. Decide what sort of computer is best for these users:
1. The James family want a computer for entertainment, writing letters, the Internet, and for calculating tax.
2. John Wilmott is a salesperson and he spends a lot of time visiting customers. He wants a computer to carry with him so he can access data about his customers and record his sales.
Topic «Everyday uses of computers».
Vocabulary.
Exercises.
Exercise 1. Vocabulary to the text.
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Use (n) – польза
Use (v) – использовать
User – пользователь
Useful – полезный
Total – сумма, итог
To require – требовать
To maintain – содержать
To produce – производить
To connect – соединять
To type – печатать
To generate – вырабатывать, производить
To find (found, found) – находить, искать
Barcode – штрихкод
Capacity – объем, емкость
Device – устройство, прибор, механизм
To have an effect – влиять на что-либо
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