Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the box.
Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования
«Российский новый университет»
(АНО ВО «Российский новый университет»)
ПРАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ЗАДАНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ СТУДЕНТОВ, ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ
В результате освоения дисциплины обучающийся должен овладеть следующими общекультурными и профессиональными компетенциями:
С пособностью к коммуникации в устной и письменной формах на русском и иностранном языках для решения задач межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия (ОК-5)
Владением навыками подготовки юридических документов (ПК-7)
ОК -5– З 1 ( устный опрос )
Divide the words which can be used with LAWFUL and LEGAL into two columns and use them in sentences of your own. Translate the word combinations into Russian:
1. practice, 2. person, 3. profession, 4. costs, 5. money, 6. trade, 7. decision, 8. advice, 9. authority, 10. obligation, 11. acts, 12. age, 13. ethics, 14. owner, 15. history, 16. wife, 17. procedure, 18. department.
| LAWFUL | LEGAL |
ОК-5-З2 (выполнение практического задания)
Match the words with their definitions and learn them:
| law, morality, court, penalty, agreement, crime, just, property, to cross examine, valid, citizen, justice |
1. A person who is a member of a particular country and who has rights because of being born there or because of being given rights.
2. A personal or social set of standards for good or bad behaviour and character, or the quality of being right, honest or acceptable.
3. Based on truth or reason; able to be accepted; having legal force.
4. A building where trials and other legal cases happen, or the people present in such a room, esp. the officials and those deciding whether someone is guilty.
5. Something or a number of things owned by someone, esp. buildings and land.
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6. A rule, usually made by a government, that is used to order the way in which a society behaves, or the whole system of such rules.
7. The putting of the law into action; or a judge.
8. A punishment for doing something that is against a law; or a type of punishment, often involving paying money, that is given to you if you break an agreement or do not follow rules.
9. A decision or arrangement, often formal and written, between two or more groups of people.
10. Fair, morally correct.
11. An action which is against the law, or, more generally, bad or unacceptable behaviour.
12. To examine a witness by a party other than the one who called him to testify.
ОК-5-З3
Работа с текстом
Read the texts . Make notes of their main points. Be ready to discuss them.
TEXT 1
I. Law: a necessary evil?
In the opinion of many people, the law is a necessary evil that should be used only when every day, informal ways of setting disputes break down. When we buy train ticket a lawyer may tell us it represents contract with legal obligations, but to most of us it is just a ticket that gets us on the train. If our neighbor plays loud music late at night, we probably try to discuss the matter with him rather than consulting the police, lawyers or the courts. Only when we are injured in a train accident, or when a neighbor refuses to behave reasonably, do we start thinking about the legal implications of everyday activities.
Even so, some transactions in modern society are complex that few of us would risk making them without first seeking legal advice; for example, buying or selling a house, setting up a business, or deciding whom to give our property to when we die. In some societies, such as the USA, precise written contracts, lawyers and courts of law have become a part of daily life, whereas in others, such as Japan, lawyers are few and people tend to rely on informal ways of solving disagreements. It is interesting that two industrialized societies should be so different in this respect.
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On the whole it seems that people all over the world are becoming more and more accustomed to using legal means to regulate their relations with each other. Multinational companies employ expensive experts to ensure that their contracts are valid wherever they do business. Non-industrialized tribes in South America use lawyers in order to try stop governments from destroying the rainforests in which they live. In the former Soviet republics where law was long regarded as merely a function of political power, ordinary citizens nowadays challenge the decisions of their governments in courts of law. And at a time when workers, refugees, commodities and environmental pollution are traveling around the world faster than ever before, there are increasing attempts to internationalize legal standards. When it helps ordinary people to reach just agreements across social, economic and international barriers, law seems to be regarded as a good thing. However, when it involves time and money and highlights people’s inability to cooperate informally, law seems to be an evil — but necessary one that everyone should have a basic knowledge of.
ОК -5- З 4
Test
1. After elections the main opposition party in Britain forms _____.
1) a Shadow cabinet, b) the Senate, 3) the House of Commons
2. As Head of State the Monarch has the powers known as _____.
1) the Royal Prerogative, 2) the Federal Assembly,3) respect for the Constitution
3. ____ consists of two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives.
1) the US Congress, 2) the House of Commons, 3) the Senate
4. Executive power in Great Britain belongs to a Prime Minister and _____.
1) the cabinet of ministers, 2) the Federal Assembly, 3) the executive branch
5. Government is a political organization which performs the functions of the supreme _____.
1) administrative body of a country, 2) the separation of powers, 3) constitutional functions
ОК -5- У 1
Answer the questions on the text:
1. What types of legal rules regulate human conduct?
2. Give examples showing that what is legal is not always moral.
3. Why is justice in society not always attained?
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4. Why do most people obey law?
5. What categories is court guided by in bringing a verdict?
ОК-5-У2
Test
administrative, override, independence, interpret, tie, appoint, budget, amendment, treaty, governor, impeach, parliament, provide, democracy, share, ambassador, oath, integrity, inauguration, impeachment, sovereignty, decree, representative, emergency, term
1) a change made to a law;
2) a sworn declaration, such as the promise to tell the truth, in a court of law;
3) a period of time during which a politician or other official holds their job;
4) a person chosen or appointed to act or speak for another or others;
5) a senior diplomat who lives in a foreign country and represents his or her own country there;
6) a situation when opponents both have the same number of votes so neither wins in a competition
8) an official decision or order made by a leader or a government;
9) an official written agreement between two or more countries;
10) an unexpected situation involving danger in which immediate action is necessary;
11) freedom from control by another country or organization;
12) relating to work that involves organizing and supervising an organization, institution or country;
13) the amount of money a government has to spend;
14) the main law-making institution in some countries;
15) the official ceremony to celebrate that the president is starting his job;
16) the political leader of each state in the US;
17) the process of formally accusing a public official of committing a serious crime relating to their job; 18) the quality of being complete or whole, without missing parts;
19) the right of a country to rule itself;
20) to accuse a public figure of a serious crime;
21) to use, to have or to do something at the same time as someone else; to be responsible for something with somebody else;
22) to explain the meaning of something;
23) to give somebody something that they want or need;
24) to officially choose someone for a job;
25) to use authority to ignore or change someone’s decision.
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ОК-5-У3
Работа с текстом (перевод)
Lawmaking procedure
Text 1.HOW LAWS ARE MADE IN THE UK.
Once MPs take their seats in parliament their most important job is to make legislation. Every year, parliament passes about a hundred laws directly, by making Acts of Parliament.
New legislation in Britain usually starts in the House of Lords. Any new law can be passed only when it has completed a number of stages in the House of Commons and in the House of Lords. Before a Bill can go through all its stages in parliament it has to be written down, or drafted. The Bill has to be exact, so that no misunderstandings can occur and so it can be understood by as many people as possible.
First and second readings. In the days before printing, the only way MPs could find out what a Bill contained was by having the contents read out to them. Therefore the next stages within parliament are known as "readings", although now MPs do have a printed copy! The first reading lets MPs known that the Bill is coming up for discussion. There is no voting at this stage. The second reading explains the purpose of the Bill, and the House has to vote on it. If the House votes for the Bill, it proceeds to the Committee stage.
The Committee stage. This involves a small group - or committee - of about 18 MPs looking in detail at the Bill and suggesting amendments. This stage is present because of time limits in the House of Commons.
The Report stage. Now the House of Commons is told what the Committee decided.
Third reading. The Bill then goes to the third reading, which gives the House of Commons a chance to look again at the Bill as a whole.
Consideration by the House of Lords. Once it has passed its third reading, the Bill is carried to the House of Lords. This second chamber can be very useful; a different group of people can often see something in a different way. The House of Lords has the time to examine Bills and make amendments.
As in the Commons, the Bill goes through a number of stages. The first reading introduces the Bill, the second reading explains it in more detail, then it goes to the Committee stage. The Committee stage is different in that it is conducted in the chamber of the House itself, not in a committee room. Any Lord who is interested in the Bill can take part in the discussion. This stage is followed by the Report stage and then the third reading, where the Lords get their last chance to look at the Bill as a whole.
The Royal Assent. If the Bill passes this process, it is automatically given the Royal Assent. However, if the Lords have made any changes to the Bill, it is taken back to the House of Commons. If the House of Commons does not agree with the changes, they send a note to the Lords explaining the reasons. A Bill may go to and fro until an agreement can be reached. If the two Houses are unable to agree, the Commons can reintroduce the Bill the following year when the Lords have to accept it, so a compromise is usually reached quite early on. The whole process, from first reading to Royal Assent can take from a few days up to 11 months.
ОК -5- У 4
Устный опрос
Give yourgroundedarguments for and against the following statements. Use your active vocabulary while discussing the issues:
1. “Society can do without lawyers”.
2. “The law is a profession of words”.
3. “Mercy killing should not be punished”.
4. “People who love sausage and people who believe in justice should never watch either of them made”. (Otto Bismark)
ОК-5-В1
ОК -5- В 2
Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases from the box.
Arrested in custody defense
solicitor evidence barrister
verdict proof witness
fine charged testimony
juvenile delinquent sentenced arson
ball Magistrate’s Court burglary
prosecution probation imprisonment
commit embezzlement
shop-lifting Crown Court
1. The number of young people who _____ crimes has risen sharply in recent years.
2. Another house was broken into last week. This is the third _____ in the area in the past month.
3. The judge _____ him to seven years’ _____ for armed robbery.
4. After 12 hours, the Jury finally reached its _____: the prisoner was guilty.
5. Although the police suspected that he had been involved in the robbery, since they had no definite _____ there was nothing they could do about it.
6. He parked his car in the wrong place and had to pay a 20 pounds parking _____.
7. This is the fourth fire in the area recently. The police suspect _______.
8. The shop decided to install closed-circuit television in an effort to combat the problem of __________.
9. He was ______ by the police outside a pub in Soho and ______ with murder.
10. There are two criminal courts in Britain - the ______ for minor offences and the _____ for more serious ones.
11. A _____ is a young person who breaks the law.
12. A _____ is someone who sees a crime being committed.
13. The lawyer who prepares the case for his or her client prior to appearing in court is called a _____. The lawyer who actually presents the case in court is called a _______.
14. The sum of money left with a court of law so that a prisoner may be set free until his or her trial comes up is called ______.
15. The bank manager admitted taking 250,000 pounds of the bank’s money during the previous 5 years. He was found guilty of ______.
16. The witness held the Bible in her right hand and said:” I swear by Almighty God that the _______ I shall give, shall be the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth”.
17. The formal statement made by a witness in court is called a ______.
18. If a person is _________, this means that he or she is put in prison before his or her trial comes up.
19. Since it was his first offence, he was not sent to prison but put on ______ for 6 months.
20. At a trial, the barrister who speaks for the accused is called the Counsel for the _______, while the barrister who speaks against him is called the Counsel for the __________.
ОК -5- В 3
Answer the following questions:
1) Why do you think Hammurabi decided to have his laws carved into a pillar?
2) Why was the pillar set up in a temple?
3) What spheres of human life were covered by Hammurabi's code? Explain the choice.
4) How do you understand the principle "an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth"?
5) In your opinion, were punishments always fair?
6) Why do you think people of different ranks were treated differently by Hammurabi's code?
ОК-5-В4
ПК -7- З 1
Answer the questions:
1.What is a form of criminal trials like in the United Kingdom?
2. What are the rights of the person in custody?
3. What is the procedure like in England, Wales and Northern Ireland during the
preparation of the case? (The prosecution and the defence).
4. In what way is the defendant treated in case the jury decides that the defendant’s
mental state renders him or her unfit to be tried?
5. How are normally criminal trials held?
6. May witnesses be legally compelled to attend the court?
7. What does the Criminal Justice Act 1987 provide in England, Wales and
Northern Ireland?
8. What is the role of the judge in jury trials?
9. Who decides in jury trials whether the defendant is guilty or not?
10.How is the verdict reached by the jury in England and Wales?
11. In what way does the jury reach a verdict in Scotland?
12.Has the prosecution a right of appeal in case of an alternative verdict of acquittal?
13.Has the defendant a right of appeal to the appropriate court in the event of a
‘guilty’ verdict?
14.What is foreseen by the Contempt of Court Act 1981?
15.What can you say about the procedure of electing the jury?
16.What kind of people is liable for jury service?
17.What persons are ineligible for jury service?
ПК -7- З 2
Сделайте доклад по теме: The Legal Heritage of Greece and Rome
ПК-7-З3
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