Oral Hygiene and the Prevention of Dental Disease
1. Most dental disorders arise from two basic diseases of the teeth and their supporting tissues: caries and periodontal disease.
2. Prevention of dental disease entails elimination of food stagnation.
3. Food stagnation causes plaque formation and calculus in periodontal disease.
4. The method of prevention includes oral hygiene.
5. Oral hygiene consists of keeping the teeth free of food debris.
6. It can be achieved by cleaning the teeth regularly after meals.
7. Cleaning is best performed by brushing as this is the only way of removing plaque.
8. If brushing is not possible, food debris can be removed by finishing the meal with a detergent food.
9. Such foods are raw, firm, fibrous fruit and vegetables such as apples, pear, carrots, celery.
10. A plain water mouth rinse is better than nothing.
11. Brushing after meals can be only be effective if it removes plaque. The object is to clean every accessible tooth surface, thus removing food debris and plaque and massaging the gum margin.
12. Toothbrushes with a small head and medium bristles are most effective. The brush is rinsed and toothpaste is added. Several strokes are used on each section of the mouth.
13. Buccal, lingual, mesial and distal surfaces are cleaned by a rotary motion from gum to tooth.
14. Occlusal surfaces are cleaned by a scrubbing action. The gingival margins are
cleaned by a backwards and forwards motion. This must be done gently to avoid abrasion of the necks of the teeth.
15. Each jaw is done in turn and the mouth is then thoroughly rinsed with warm water.
VII. AT THE DENTAL CLINIC.
1. Where is dental aid usually rendered?
2. What does any clinic have?
3. What kind of dental work do dentists perform?
4. What procedures are used to make a diagnosis?
5. When does a patient have unpleasant sensations?
At the dental clinic
All kinds of dental aids in our country are rendered mainly at state owned medical institutions – dental clinics, dental departments at district polyclinics, at schools.
Dental aid is usually rendered at stomatological polyclinics is well – planned and comfortable. It has all modern conveniences. There are many dental surgeries, a laboratory, an X-ray room, an electropathic room and other rooms here. Many specialists work here. They perform all kinds of dental work: the treatment of diseases of the dental pulp, extractions and the performance of laboratory tests, correcting the bite, the treatment of gum disease, the design and fit of bridgework and dentures to replace missing teeth all kinds of restorative work. Before the treatment of a disease it is necessary to make a diagnosis, determine its aetiology, pathogenesis as well as the symptoms by which it can be revealed.
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A number of different procedures are used to establish a diagnosis: history taking, physical examination, which includes visual examination, palpation, laboratory studies, instrumental studies, for example, X-ray examination and others.
Dental treatment is it times a very painful procedure. If a cavity is discovered at an early stage, the tooth can be set right without any pain. Only when it is neglected the patient has some unpleasant sensations. Dentists try to do something about his. They envolve new methods of dental treatment and new anodynes. Soon people will forget all about their fears.
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