I. Choose the words from the box
To complete the sentences.
| Canadians | rural | languages | population | reservations |
| landscape | terrain | area | Laurentians | magnificent |
1. Canada is a _______________
2. It has an_______________ of nearly 10,000,000 km2.
3. ___________________is about 28 million; 550,000 Indians, and 36,000 Inuits.
4. 23 per cent of population live in ________________areas.
5. The majority of the Indians live in 2,200 ________________________.
6. Canada has two official _________________.
7. Six per cent of the ________________speak Italian, Chinese, German and Portuguese.
8. Few countries can rival Canada’s diversity of life, ________________ and climate.
9. Canada possesses a variety of _________________, from rainforests to nearly deserts.
10. Its mountains range from the Western Cordillera to the peaks of the ____________.
COMPREHENSION
II. Scan for the details and circle the correct variant.
1. Canada has a) 6, b) 7, c) 8 land regions.
2. The Canadian Shield covers a) 48, b) 84, c) 14 % of Canada.
3. The Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands are covered by a) lakes, b) forests, c) snows.
4. The Appalachians are the a) youngest, b) oldest, c) west of the Canadian Shield.
5. The Great Lakes lowland lies a) north, b) south,
c) west of Canadian shield.
6. The Western Cordillera stands along the a) western, b/eastern edge of Canada.
III. Odd man out.
Nickel, zinc, silver, gold, asbestos, uranium, molybdenum, potash, platinum
DISCUSSION
IV. Find additional information about Canada
and discuss the following:
1. What is the storehouse of Canada’s metallic minerals?
2. Does the harsh climate permit farming in the Hudson Bay-Arctic Lowlands?
3. What is the oldest Highland region in Canada?
4. When was the Great Lakes lowland formed?
5. What is the western Cordillera famous for?
6. What is the highest peak in the Canadian Rockies?
7. Winters are long and cold, aren’t they?
8. What is labeled Canada’s “banana belt”?
9. Is it cool in summer in Northern and Western Canada?
10. Has the interior a continental or humid climate?
11. Heavy snows covers eastern Canada in winter, doesn’t it?
CRAMMAR
V. Replace the pronouns
with the corresponding nouns:
1. They are the basis of a lumber industry.______________________
2. The Prairie Provinces provide it.______________________
3. Canada is rich in them.______________________
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4. They account for one half of the world’s fresh water.__________________
5. It attracts visitors from around the world._______________________
6. They are the greatest resource of Canada.__________________
OTTAWA
Ottawa is the capital of Canada. It lies along the south bank of the Ottawa River, 193-km west from Montreal. Attractive parks, stately government buildings add beauty to the city. Upper Town and Low Town are the oldest parts of Ottawa.
In early times Indians traveled down the Ottawa River for hunting and trading. In 1613, the French explorer S. Champlain passed through the area. French fur traders used the Ottawa River as a route to the west. In 1784 the Loyalists settled in Ontario. After the war of 1812, the British feared another war with the U.S. They sought a way to send gunboats from Montreal to Lake Ontario without passing near U.S. territory.
The British sent the Royal Engineers under Colonel John By to build the Rideau Canal.
In 1826, British troops formed the first settlement in the area. The Riddeau Canal linked the Ottawa River and Lake Ontario. The town around the construction site became known as Bytown. In 1841, Lower Canada (now Quebec) and Upper Canada (now Ontario) joined to form the Province of Canada. In 1855, the townspeople of Bytown changed its name to Ottawa /Indian “adawe” – to trade/. Adawe was an Indian tribe that traded in the area. Ottawa was a small town when Queen Victoria chose it in 1857 to be the capital of the United Province of Canada. The Queen chose the small town of Ottawa over the cities of Toronto, Kingston, Montreal and Quebec. Not only was Ottawa a political compromise but it also lay a more secure distance from the American border. The Dominion of Canada was established in 1857 with Ottawa as its capital.
The House of Commons is at the west end of the Central Block. 295 representatives make law there. It is decorated in traditional green of the British House of Commons. It is constructed of Canadian White Oak and limestone from Manitoba. Visible on the stone’s surface are 450-million-year-old fossils.
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The Senate Chamber is at the East of the Center block. Here 104 senators review bills passed in the House of Commons. Red carpeting and ceiling of gold leaf create an air of regal splendour in the Senate.
Canada’s Prime Minister has an Office in the East Block.
Other Government buildings include the Royal Canadian Mint where visitors may watch coins being made. The national Library exhibits historical documents. Government House is the official residence of the Canadian Governor General. The home of Prime Minister is nearby.
Ottawa has 647 hectares of parks and playgrounds. Annual events in Ottawa include the 10-day tulip festival in May. More than 3 million tulip bulbs bloom in parks and along roadways. Queen Juliana of Netherlands sent the bulbs as a gift to Ottawa. During the WWII Juliana, then a princess, lived in
Ottawa. After returning home she sent Ottawa 100,000 tulip bulbs. Juliana sent Ottawa 15,000 tulip bulbs for the annual festival. Ottawa holds a 9-day winter festival, called Winterlude, in mid February. The festival features such sports as car and harness racing on ice, dog-sledge racing and broomball (a variation of ice hockey played on ice without skates and with brooms and soccer ball).
The Franco-Ontarian festival in June celebrates the French-Canadian culture of Ontario. Every August, the Central Canada Exhibition offers agricultural and industrial exhibits.
Population of Ottawa is about 500,000. 85% of the people of Ottawa were born in Canada. The rest immigrated from Western Europe or U.S. English is the main language of most Ottawans. A number of people speak both English and French.
Ottawa has 335 manufacturing plants. The city is also a center of scientific research. Ottawa has 3 daily newspapers: The Citizen and the Ottawa Sun are printed in English and the Le Droit – in French.
The local TV stations broadcast in English and French. Out of 19 radio stations, 13 broadcast in English and 6 – in French.
Ottawa has 180 schools with 77.000 students. The city is home of Carleton University and the University of Ottawa.
OTTAWA
VOCABULARY
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