I wonder/I'd like to know/Do you know?/Have you any idea?/Can you tell me? 12 страница
27 He was very snobbish. He wouldn't talk to any of us.
28 The package is very thick. I can't push it through the letterbox. (Omit it.)
29 She was very mean. She never gave to charity.
30 He is very impatient. He never listens to anyone.
31 I was very tired. I couldn't walk any further.
32 It's not very dark. We can't see the stars clearly.
33 It was very hot. You could fry an egg on the pavement.
34 The oranges were very bitter. We couldn't eat them. (Omit them.)
35 Would you be very kind and turn down the radio a little?
36 He is very selfish. He wouldn't put himself out for anyone.
Various infinitive constructions
PEG 26-7, 114, 239, 249-50
Replace the group of words in italics by an infinitive or an infinitive construction.
It is important that he should understand this.
It is important/or him to understand this.
He was the first man who arrived.
He was the first man to arrive.
1 The captain was the last man who left the ship.
2 He got to the top and was very disappointed when he found that someone else had
reached it first.
3 The committee have decided to send you to Paris. (You (go) to Par
omit The committee have decided to send.)
4 Would you be very kind and lend me your umbrella?
5 There are a lot of sheets that need mending.
6 I was astonished when I heard that he had left the country.
7 It is better that he should hear it from you.
8 I was rude to him, which was stupid. (It was stupid ...)
9 If he had another child with whom he could play, he would be happier
10 It is necessary that everyone should know the truth.
11 There was no place where we could sit.
12 He put his hand into his pocket and was astonished when he found that his wallet
wasn't there.
13 He rushed into the burning house, which was very brave of him.
(It was very brave . . .)
14 I can't go to the party; I have nothing that I can wear.
15 It is expected that he will broadcast a statement tonight. (He is expected...)
16 I want a kitchen where ( = in which) I can cook.
17 He reached the station exhausted and was very disappointed when he learnt that the train had just left.
18 Haven't you anything with which you could open it?
19 It seems that the crime was committed by a left-handed man.
(The crime seems . . . Use perfect infinitive passive.)
20 Is it likely that he will arrive before six? (Is he . . .)
21 I was on the point of leaving the house when the phone rang.
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22 This is the plan: someone will meet you at the station . . .
(You . . . (be met) at the station)
23 She is anxious that they should have every possible advantage.
24 It is said that he was a brilliant scientist. (He is said . . .)
25 The strikers decided that the strike should continue.
26 Would you be very kind and translate this for me?
27 It is advisable that we should leave the house separately.
28 You signed the document without reading it, which was very stupid.
(It was stupid...)
29 It is said that she has a frightful temper. (She . . .)
30 He was the first man who swam the Channel.
31 They believe that he is honest. (He . . .)
32 It appears that he was killed with a blunt instrument.
(He appears . . . Use passive infinitive.)
33 He was the only one who realized the danger.
34 It is said that the earth was originally part of the sun. (The earth . . .)
35 He took out his spare wheel and was very disappointed when he discovered that that tyre was also punctured.
36 It is said that the murderer is hiding in the woods near your house.
Perfect infinitive used with auxiliary verbs
PEG 255
Use the perfect infinitive of the verb in italics with the appropriate auxiliary verb. Phrases in bold type should not be repeated, but their meaning should be expressed by the auxiliary + perfect infinitive.
It is possible that he telephoned while we were out.
He may have telephoned while we were out.
You (thank) him for his present but you didn't.
You should have thanked him for his present.
1 I realized that my house was on fire. ~
That (be) a terrible moment.
2 I saw a ghost last night. ~
You (not see) a ghost: there aren't any ghosts. You (dream) it.
3 It is possible that a child broke the window.
4 You carried it yourself, which was not necessary.
5 I've had a toothache for two days. ~
You (go) to the dentist when it started.
6 There (he) motor-cycle races on the sands but as it is so wet they have been cancelled,
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7 As I was standing in the hall your dog bit me. ~
It (not he) my dog; he was with me all day. It (be) my brother's
8 I feel terribly ill today. ~
You (not eat) those mushrooms yesterday. Mushrooms don't agree with you.
9 I wonder why he didn't answer? ~
Possibly he didn 't understand the question.
10 I gave him a tip, which was not necessary.
11 The prisoner (escape) this way, for here are his footprints.
12 You lied to him, which was wrong.
13 I didn't recognize the voice at the other end of the line. ~
It (be) my elder sister; she is often at home at that time. It (not be) my youngest sister
as she is abroad.
14 Someone (cook) a meal here lately; the stove is still hot.
15 I've brought my own sandwiches. ~
You (not bring) them. I have enough for two.
16 The burglar went straight to the safe although it was hidden be picture. ~
Someone (tell) him where it was.
17 The president (unveil) the statue, but he is ill so his wife is doing instead.
18 The plane is late; I wonder what has happened? ~
Possibly it was delayed by fog.
19 I have never met him. ~
You (meet) him; he lives next door to you.
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20 I (do) it. (It was my duty to do it, but I didn't.)
21 He (not catch) the 9.20 train because he didn't leave home till 9.
22 I opened it, which was unnecessary.
23 The police were here while we were out. ~
Someone (betray) us.
24 I drove at 80 miles an hour, which was wrong.
25 When I was your age I (climb) that mountain, (but I didn't).
26 If a policeman had seen me climbing through your window he me what I was doing,
27 He said that censorship of news was ridiculous and it (abolish) ago. (passive verb)
28 You boiled so many eggs; but there are only four of us.
29 She (play) the chief part in the film, but she quarrelled with the director, so he engaged
someone else.
30 This poem (be) written by Keats, but I am not certain.
31 He (take) off his hat in the theatre, (but he didn't).
32 People used to walk twenty miles to do their shopping. ~
They (have) a lot of energy in those days.
33 One day he went for a walk up a mountain and never came back. ~
He (fall) over a precipice.
34 I just pressed lightly on the pane and my hand went through. ~
The glass (be) very thin.
35 You translated it into French, which wasn't necessary.
36 You looked at the new moon through glass. It is most unlucky.
Perfect infinitive used with auxiliaries and some other verbs
PEG 255
Instructions: as for Exercise 73, but where two verbs in italics are placed side by side, put the second verb into the perfect infinitive and the first into an appropriate tense.
This palace (say) (build) in three years.
This palace is said to have been built in three years.
1 She (marry) my brother but she was killed in a plane crash a month before the wedding
date.
2 You repeated it, which was unnecessary.
3 There (seem) (be) a fight here. Everything is smashed to bits.
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4 We (set) out today, but the weather is so bad that we decided to postpone our start till
tomorrow.
5 I thought they were mushrooms. ~
You (not eat) them unless you were sure. They (be) poisonous.
6 He learnt the language in six months. ~
He (work) very hard.
7 I brought my umbrella, which was unnecessary.
8 I (like) (bathe) but there wasn't time.
9 I've forgotten the address. I (write) it down (but I didn't).
10 If I'd known your house was so cold I (not come).
11 You (tell) me you were going camping! If I'd known I (go) with you.-
But it rained all the time. You (not like) that, would you?
12 Who gave you my address? ~
I don't remember. It (be) Tom. ~
It (not be) Tom; he doesn't know it.
13 You bought flowers but we have plenty in the garden.
14 After two years of his teaching she knew absolutely nothing. ~
He (not be) a good teacher.
15 My sister has just come back from abroad. She (seem) (enjoy) her trip very much.
16 Life (be) very uncomfortable in the Stone Age.
17 You (stand) still when you were being photographed, (but you didn't).
18 I (go) to a foreign university but the war prevented it.
19 I (like) (photograph) it but I had no more film.
20 There (he) a bad accident here. Look at all the broken glass.
21 It is possible that prehistoric cave drawings were connected with religion.
22 I have been driving for 20 years. ~
You (not drive) for 20 years. You are only 30 now.
23 It (take) years to dig the Suez Canal.
24 He walked past me without speaking. ~
He (not recognize) you. He is very short-sighted.
25 I (like) (go) to the match but the tickets were all sold.
26 He says he saw you at the theatre yesterday. ~
He (not see) me. I wasn't there.
27 This picture may be a fake: on the other hand it (be) painted by one of the Dutch masters.
28 It is possible that the fire in the ship was started by a bomb.
29 She walked 300 miles, carrying her child. ~
She (have) great courage.
30 It is possible that he (read) it in the papers. ~
He (not read) it. He can't read. Someone (tell) him.
31 I told them to meet me under the clock but they didn't turn up.
Perhaps they were waiting under the wrong clock. There are two in
the station.
32 He told me his name was Johnson. ~
You (mishear) him. His name is Jones.
33 I said that I couldn't find my pen and he said that perhaps somebody had borrowed it.
34 I (like) (ask) a question but I was sitting so far back that I didn't think I'd be heard.
35 There (be) a fort here at one time. You can see where the foundations were.
36 The dinosaur (be said) (be) rather a stupid animal.
Gerund, infinitive and participles
The gerund
PEG 257
Put the verbs in brackets into the gerund.
1 He gave up (gamble).
2 Try to avoid (make) him angry.
3 Stop (argue) and start (work).
4 The children prefer (watch) TV to (read).
5 I am against (make) any complaints.
6 It's no use (cry) over spilt milk. {proverb)
7 I suggest (hold) another meeting next week.
8 He finished (speak) and sat down.
9 He was fined for (drive) without lights.
10 It is difficult to get used to (eat) with chopsticks.
11 if you can't turn the key try (put) some oil in the lock.
12 He lost no time in (get) down to work.
13 You can't make an omelette without (break) eggs. (proverb)
14 We are looking forward to (read) your new book.
15 They escaped by (slide) down ropes made of blankets.
16 They don't allow (smoke) in here.
17 He is thinking of (leave) his job and (go) to America.
18 After (read) this article you will give up (smoke).
19 If you put your money into that business you risk (lose) every penny.
20 Imagine (live) with someone who never stops (talk).
21 Is there anything here worth (buy)?
22 He was accused of (leak) classified information to the press.
23 You'd better consult your lawyer before (decide) to buy the property.
24 I don't enjoy (go) to the dentist.
25 Would you mind (put) your pet snake somewhere else?
26 The hostages were rescued without a shot (be) fired.
27 By (work) day and night he succeeded in (finish) the job in time.
28 He has a scheme for (make) grass grow in winter.
29 I don't feel like (work); what about (go) to a disco instead?
30 Would you mind (write) your name and address on the back of the cheque?
31 If a thing is worth (do) at all it is worth (do) well. (proverb)
32 I hate (borrow) money.
33 He was furious at (be) mistaken for an escaped convict.
34 After (talk) for ten minutes I succeeded in (convince) him that there was no danger.
35 I remember (read) a review of that book and (think) I'd like to get.
36 As a result of (listen) at keyholes he learnt many facts which he no hesitation in (use)
to his own advantage.
Gerund and infinitive
PEG 266-71
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive)
1 I am looking forward to (see) you.
2 He dreads (have) to retire.
3 I arranged (meet) them here.
4 He urged us (work) faster.
5 I wish (see) the manager.
6 It's no use (wait).
7 He warned her (not touch) the wire.
8 Don't forget (lock) the door before (go) to bed.
9 My mother told me (not speak) to anyone about it.
10 I can't understand her (behave) like that.
11 He tried (explain) but she refused (listen).
12 At dinner she annoyed me by (smoke) between the courses.
13 You are expected (know) the safety regulations of the college.
14 He decided (disguise) himself by (dress) as a woman.
15 lam prepared (wait) here all night if necessary.
16 Would you mind (show) me how (work) the lift?
17 After (walk) for three hours we stopped to let the others (catch with us.
18 I am beginning (understand) what you mean.
19 He was fined for (exceed) the speed limit.
20 The boys like (play) games but hate (do) lessons.
21 I regret (inform) you that your application has been refused.
22 I couldn't help (overhear) what you said.
23 Mrs Jones: I don't allow (smoke) in my drawing-room.
Mrs Smith: I don't allow my family (smoke) at all.
24 He surprised us all by (go) away without (say) 'Good-bye'.
25 Please go on (write); I don't mind (wait).
26 He wore dark glasses (avoid) (be) recognized.
27 Before (give) evidence you must swear (speak) the truth.
28 I tried (persuade) him (agree) with your proposal.
29 Your windows need (clean); would you like me (do) them for you?
30 Would you mind (shut) the window? I hate (sit) in a draught.
31 I can't help (sneeze); I caught a cold yesterday from (sit) in a draught.
32 Do stop (talk): I am trying (finish) a letter.
33 His doctor advised him (give up) (jog).
34 My watch keeps (stop). ~
That's because you keep (forget) (wind) it.
35 Without (realize) it. he hindered us instead of (help) us.
36 People used (make) fire by (rub) two sticks together.
Gerund and infinitive
PEG 266-71
Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund or infinitive).
1 He hates (answer) the phone, and very often just lets it (ring).
2 If you go on (let) your dog (chase) cars he'll end by (be) run over.
3 I prefer (drive) to (be driven).
4 I advise you (start) (look) for a flat at once.
5 Would you mind (lend) me Ј5? I forgot (cash) a cheque.
6 (Lie) on this beach is much more pleasant than (sit) in the office.
7 She likes her children (go) to the dentist every six months.
8 By (neglect) (take) ordinary precautions he endangered the life of his crew.
9 An instructor is coming (show) us how (use) the aqualung.
10 I have no intention of (go) to that film; I couldn't bear (see) my favourite actress in such a dreadful part.
11 I suggest (telephone) the hospitals before (ask) the police (look) for him.
12 After (hear) the conditions I decided (not enter) for the competition.
13 Some people seem (have) a passion for (write) to the newspapers.
14 He expects me (answer) by return but I have no intention of (reply) at all.
15 I tried (explain) to him but he refused (listen) and went on (grumble).
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