II . Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. At what moment did things go wrong at school?
2. What was Elaine concerned about during the first year of home education?
3. How much time does Roy spend with his family?
4. What do Roy and Elaine put a lot of emphasis on in the upbringing of their children?
III . Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.
1. At the end of the first year of home education Elaine and Roy took the girls to the heads of the schools where they would have been pupils.
2. Although the children will never go to school again there is no anti-school feeling in the home.
№18
Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.
From inside the zoo director's office, the tiger is living very comfortably. Saved from having to earn its own living in the tough outside world, it has all its meals provided and doesn't even have to walk anywhere. I have heard one zoo director describe the zoo as a «welfare state» for animals. But the zoo director also tells us that the tiger is earning its keep by educating the public. When their existence is put into question zoos always answer by saying that they educate people. The argument goes like this: all the nature and wildlife documentary films in the world can't replace flesh and blood. There's just nothing like the experience of coming face to face with real, live, wild animals. Having seen wild animals close up, zoo visitors will be so enthusiastic about the wonders of the natural world that they will start to care deeply about what is happening to wild animals, go off and do something about it. Along with all the other caged animals, the tiger — to use a favourite zoo phrase — is an «ambassador for the wild».
As someone who studies human behaviour, I'm interested in why people go to zoos, what they get from looking at animals in cages and what zoos say they get. Having spent hours watching people watching animals, my feeling is that no zoo can fulfil the educational aim it says it has. No zoo can bring about a meaningful meeting between people and animals because by its very nature, the zoo — good, bad, best in the world — presents a false picture of wild animals and our relationship with them.
The time I have spent outside the cages has shown me how the zoo hinders1 any true understanding of animals.
The only way we can bring about any healthy and relaxed meeting between people and imprisoned animals is to do away with2 the idea of zoos and to start again. Start with the animals, not the people. Start by asking what reasons there could be for keeping animals in cages. Start by finding ways of offering them somewhere which can realistically replace the wild, an imaginative space of the right size, a chance to relate to other animals as they would in the wild, a chance to get away from the public stares — a chance, basically, to live their own lives.
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1 hinder—мешать
2to do away with—покончить с чем-то
Test № 18
I . Определите, верны ( True ) или неверны ( False ) следующие утверждения.
1. According to the director of the zoo, animals have a safer life at zoos than in the outside world.
2. The author believes that documentary films can't replace seeing wild animals face to face.
3. People who visit zoos are enthusiastic about the wonders of wild life.
4. The author suggests that it's impossible to create any place where animals can live their own life.
II . Ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1. How, according to the zoo director, does the tiger earn its keep?
2. What experience helped the author to get a good idea of zoos?
3. Why, according to the author, can't zoo bring a meaningful meeting between people and animals?
4. What, in the author's opinion, should people do about zoos?
III . Исправьте предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста.
1. From the point of view of the zoo visitors the tiger is living very comfortably.
2. As someone who studies the behaviour of animals the author is interested in why people go to zoos.
№19
Прочитайте текст два раза и выполните следующие задания.
If you are thinking of buying a dog you must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to training the dog when it is young and giving it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the country and can let it run freely. Dogs are demanding pets. Whereas cats identify with a house and are content if their place there is secure, a dog identifies with its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.
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The best time to buy a puppy is when it is between six and eight weeks old so that it can transfer its affection for its mother to its master. If puppies have not established a relationship with a human being until they are over three months old, their strongest relationship will always be with dogs; if they are kept in kennels' for this length of time, they are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.
Different breeds2 require different training methods. German shepherd dogs, for example, respond favourably to mild punishment but terriers usually resent it and become more aggressive. The best way to tram a dog is by reward, not punishment, but the reward must be immediate so that the dog connects it with what it has done. In general it is better to teach a dog by preventing it from doing things than by punishing it afterwards.
Pet food is a profitable business and there are firms concerned to make you believe that your dog will suffer if you do not buy it some special biscuit. In fact, dogs require a well-balanced diet, like human beings, except that they do not need fruit and vegetables because their bodies produce their own vitamin C.
In the same way beauty parlours3 for dogs would like you to think that it will be unhappy if it does not have its nails cut or its hair combed. Some dogs may benefit, but the essential point to remember is that you should take it regularly to a vet to ensure that it is healthy. In that case you should have a faithful companion for ten years or more.
1 kennels — псарня
2 breed—порода
3 beauty parlour—косметический салон
Test № 19
I . Определите, верны ( True ) или неверны ( False ) следующие утверждения.
1. Dogs want more attention than cats.
2. If you live in the country your dog needs more exercise.
3. Pet food produced by pet food firms is the most well-balanced diet for dogs.
4. According to the author, dogs will be happier if they have their nails cut and their hair combed.
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