Question № 2 What do we find out about Lake Vinney?
A. It attracts tourists from abroad.
B. There are lots of houses on the banks.
C. More people are visiting it every year.
D. Mainly local people do water sports there
Exercise 2. Read the text and questions below. For each question, choose true if the statement is true according to the text, false if the statement is false and not stated if the information about this statement is not given in the text.
Electric cars? Solar-powered buses? When most people imagine solutions to the problems of city air pollution they probably think of electricity and solar power. But the problem with an electric car is that the electrical energy stored within batteries has to be first produced by conventional means such as burning coal, which creates the very problem the car is supposedly designed to avoid. Even the battery disposal is an environmental hazard. As for solar power, at present the solar panels that catch the sunlight are twice as big as the cars they power. And speeds of ten kilometers an hour are hardly practical. What is required is a safe, cheap and highly efficient engine that produces fewer major air pollutants and only in small quantities. You may be surprised that the answer has been with us for quite some time.
The probable solution to city air pollution is a concept for an engine that was first proposed by a French scientist in 1824 and later designed and patented by a German refrigeration engineer in 1892, whose name was Rudolph Diesel. His design for an engine that would produce more energy output but burn less fuel became known as the diesel engine. Most people think of diesel engines as being efficient and cheaper to run but smelly and rather noisy.
It is true that the black soot emitted from the exhausts of diesel lorries is far fewer of all the major air pollutants than petrol-driven engines, except for nitrogen oxides and black soot. However, soot can be trapped, and already new diesel engines are under development, being redesigned to burn diesel fuel in such a way that the nitrogen oxide gases are released into the air as harmless nitrogen and oxygen.
In fact, if all cars were running on diesel fuel, air pollution in major cities would disappear overnight. Why then has it taken this long to do something about it? The problem is that the disadvantages of diesel engines, which include greater noise and vibration as well as taking longer to start up, have meant that car manufacturers have been reluctant to invest in productions of more expensive diesel-powered cars – afraid that customers would not purchase their products. Fortunately, new technology is ensuring that diesel-powered engines become lean, clean and mean. It might not be long before city smog is but a distant memory.
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Statement №1 Most people think the solution to city air pollution will be electric or solar-powered car.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Statement №2 The diesel engine costs more to run.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Statement №3 Diesel engines emit fewer air pollutants than petrol-driven engines.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Statement №4 If all cars had diesel engines, traffic jams would disappear.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Statement №5 Car manufacturers were afraid that they would lose customers if they produced diesel-powered cars.
1) True
2) False
3) Not stated
Exercise 3. Translate into English using modal verbs.
1. Я не умею играть на гитаре.
2. Он не умеет играть на пианино.
3. Можешь мне поверить?
4. Ты умеешь кататься на велосипеде?
5. Твоя сестра умеет водить машину?
6. Он не должен этого знать.
7. Ты должен искать любую возможность.
8. Можешь посмотреть это шоу.
9. Этим студентам можно читать такие книжки.
10. Ты можешь с этим справиться (to cope with smth. – справляться с чем-либо)
11. Ты можешь дать мне свою ручку?
12. Покупатель может быть рядом.
13. Джо может удивиться.
14. Очень жарко. Ты можешь открыть окно?
15. Можно мне пойти в кино?
16. Можешь примерить это пальто?
17. Можно мне воспользоваться калькулятором?
18. Я умею петь.
19. Ты должен купить эти брюки.
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20. Ты должен учить английские слова каждый день.
21. Тебе следует читать книги на английском языке.
22. Возможно это правда.
23. Взрослым не следует кричать на детей.
24. Ты не должен (нельзя) пользоваться мобильным телефоном на экзамене.
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