Listen and complete the chart
| …………. | James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England |
| 1606 | The Union Flag adopted as the National Flag |
| 1620 | The Pilgrim Fathers set sail aboard the '………………' |
| 1624-30 | War with Spain and France |
| 1642 - 51 | …………….. War |
| 1653 | …………………………… proclaimed Lord Protector |
| 1660 | Restoration of the Monarchy under King ………………….. |
| 1664-65 | The …………………… . Up to 100,000 people die in London |
| ………….. | Great Fire of London |
| 1688 | …………………………. lands in England. |
Read a passage below and fill in the necessary information.
The nature of the island was changed, when the Stuart King of Scotland, from a kingdom which was previously a long time rival, inherited the throne of England - creating a personal union under James I in 1603.
Based on conflicting political, religious and social positions, there was an English Civil War between the supporters of Parliament and those of king Charles I, known as Roundheads and Cavaliers respectively. The Parliamentarians were victorious, Charles I was executed and the kingdom replaced with the Commonwealth.
Leader of the Parliament forces, Oliver Cromwell declared himself Lord Protector in 1653, a period of personal rule followed. By the time of Cromwell's death, England had largely grown weary of Puritan rule, many wanted to patch up old wounds and so Charles II was invited to return as monarch in 1660 with the Restoration. It was now constitutionally established that King and Parliament should rule together.
In Parliament two fractions had emerged—the Tories and Whigs. The former were royalists while the latter were classical liberals.
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Listen and complete the chart
| 1780's | Industrial Revolution begins |
| 1805 | Lord ………… defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Trafalgar |
| 1815 | Duke of ………….. defeats Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo |
| 1836 | The people’s Charter states the program of the Chartism movement |
| 1837 | Queen ……………… becomes Queen at the age of ………………….. |
| 1854 | Crimean War between ……………. and Britain with France |
| 1858 | The Crown assumes government ………………. |
| 1879 | The …………… War |
| 1882 | ……………. is occupied by the British troops |
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Under the newly formed Kingdom of Great Britain, output from the Royal Society and other English initiatives combined with the Scottish Enlightenment to create innovations in science and engineering. This paved the way for the establishment of the British Empire, which became the largest in history.
Industrial Revolution was a period of profound change in the socioeconomic and cultural conditions of England, resulting in industrialised agriculture, manufacture, engineering and mining, as well as new and pioneering road, rail and water networks to facilitate their expansion and development.
During the Industrial Revolution, many workers moved from England's countryside to new and expanding urban industrial areas to work in factories.
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