Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод подлежащего.
A. A great many scientists from various institutes were invited to work at the design of the hydroengineering complex.
B. The designers were given the necessary information about the channels and spillways.
C. The experimental model will be followed by mass production of the mechanisms.
D. The design was commented upon by some well-known specialists.
E. The engineers’ measurements and calculations can be relied on.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на усилительную конструкцию.
A. It was here that a large scale production of synthetic rubber was first organized.
B. It is due to the close cooperation of physicists and chemists that new physical measurements were developed.
C. It is the hydroengineering complex which will protect St. Petersburg from floods.
3. В следующих парах предложений определите время и залог сказуемого. Предложения переведите:
A. The engineers at our laboratory made a very interesting experiment last week. Our country has made great achievements in all fields of industry, technology and science.
B. An interesting phenomenon in the field of aerodynamic effects was discovered by Russian scientists last year. Almost all chemical elements which have been found on Earth have been discovered in the Sun and the planets of solar system.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на слова-заместители.
A. Scientists and engineers work out new processes and improve old ones to produce better kinds of polymer materials.
B. The system of structures to protect St. Petersburg from floods is a unique one.
C. The speed of lighter molecules is greater than that of heavier ones.
Выберите перевод сказуемого.
A. The flood defence system is being built near St. Petersburg.
B. The hydroengineering project is to be built in some years.
C. The main task of the workers is to build it in time.
D. Constructors are also building the 150 km ring road around St. Petersburg.
а) строят; b) должны построить; с) строится; d) состоит в том, чтобы построить; е) строили.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на инфинитив.
A. Above certain critical temperature, changes begin to take place in the molecular structure of a metal.
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B. The aim of any research is to enlarge the possibilities which are offered by modem science.
C. It is difficult to define what an amorphous material is. It may be composed of crystals which are too small to be detected.
D. This metal is too brittle to be hammered.
E. To produce changes in physical state a considerable amount of thermal energy must be supplied to metal.
F. Toughness is the ability of a material to absorb mechanical energy by permanent deformation without breakage.
G. Steel is the metal to be formed from iron with a definite amount of carbon.
Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на причастие.
A) Participle I
A. A molecule is a compound consisting of two or more atoms.
B. When speaking about oxygen it is necessary to say that it is a colourless, odourless gas having density at standard pressure and temperature of about one seven-hundredth that of water. It is soluble in water becoming liquid at about 180°C.
C. The solution is boiling.
D. The boiling solution has neither colour nor odour.
Б) Participle II
A. The solution of the problem required concentrated efforts of many scientists.
B. When required, the data will be applied in our practical work.
C. Heated glass is plastic.
D. Some heat-resistant types of glasses can be heated until they are red and do not break, if then placed into ice water.
8. Дайте возможные варианты перевода предложений с герундием в функции:
а ) подлежащего :
1. Maintaining constant temperature and pressure during the test was absolutely necessary.
2. His offering new temperature conditions for the system will give greater efficiency.
б ) сказуемого :
1. The task of the factory was producing corrosion-resistant polymers in far larger quantities.
в ) дополнения :
1. The experimentalist suggested purifying the solution by a new method.
2. We know of silver and copper being very good conductors of electricity.
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г ) определения :
1. The new heating and lighting installations supply the shops of our plant with heat and light.
д ) обстоятельства :
1. By subjecting air to very great pressure and cooling it is possible to transform it to the liquid state.
2. In converting water into ice we do not change its composition.
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