Task 13. Fill in the gaps in the text.
In the ___ phase of the SDLC, the project team identifies solutions, evaluates those solutions, and then selects the best one. It is possible that a ___ system might offer a complete hardware and software solution. The project team can use a___ support worksheet to evaluate solutions based on general, technical, and functional criteria.
After the project team selects a solution, it can then select the specific hardware and software products to build the new information system. The project team might send out a request for ___, asking vendors to recommend a solution and specify hardware and software requirements.
As an alternative, when team members know exactly what hardware and software they need for the solution, they can send out a request for ___, which simply asks for vendor prices. After selecting hardware and software, the team can develop ___ specifications that descried the way the new information system should interact with the user, store data, process data, and format reports.
Task 14. Speaking. Discuss the following question.
What happens in the design phase?
How does the project team come up with solution?
What hardware alternatives are available?
What software alternatives are available?
How does the team choose the best solution?
How does the project team find the right hardware and software for the new information system?
What’s an RFP and RFQ?
How does the project team evaluate an RFP or RFQ?
What happens after the project team selects a solution?
What is the importance of application specifications?
Task 15 . Match the terms with their definitions.
system testing - is the process of modifying a commercial
` application to reflect an organization’s needs;
integration testing - ensures that module operates reliably and correctly;
software customization - is performed to ensure that the modules operate together correctly;
acceptance testing - is a place where software testing can occur without disrupting the organization’s regular information system, or it might be located on an entirely separate computer system;
unit testing - ensures that all hardware and software components work together correctly;
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test area - is designed to verify that the new Information system works as required;
user documentation - is staffed by technical support specialists familiar with the information system software;
procedure handbook - describes a system’s features, hardware architecture, and programming;
help desk - describes how to interact with the system to accomplish specific tasks;
system documentation - is a type of user documentation that contains step-by-step instructions for performing specific tasks;
phased conversion - means that the old system is completely deactivated and the new system is immediately activated;
direct conversion - avoids some of the risk of direct conversion because the old system remains in service while some or all of the new system is activated;
pilot conversion - works well with larger information systems that are modularized because the new system is activated one module at a time;
parallel conversion - works well in organizations with several branches that have independent information processing systems because the new information system is activated at one branch at a time.
Task 16. Match the beginnings of the sentences in the first column with the endings in the second.
| 1. Unit testing and integration testing are 2. When a problem is discovered during unit testing or integration testing 3. System conversion refers 4. When converting data from an existing computer system to a new system 5. A system operator and a systems programmer are 6. The help desk technician begins | a) responsible for system maintenance. … a programmer typically writes. b) conversion software to read the old data and convert it into a format that is usable by the new system. c) … usually performed in a test area. d) … the team must track down the source of the problem and correct it. e) … to troubleshoot the problem and soon realizes that it is caused by a programming error not caught during system testing. f) … to the process of deactivating an old information system and activating a new one. |
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