Materials for auditory self-work
4.1. List of study practical tasks necessary to perform at the practical class.
Materials and methods: microscope, mixer (melanger less than erythrocytic one) for leucocytes counting, Goryaev’s chamber, blood, hemocytometers.
Investigative object: human being.
Leucocytes amount as erythrocytes one may be estimated both rutine (non-automatical) method (estimation in Goryaev’s chamber) and automatical methods.
Task 1
Leucocytes estimation in Goryaev’s chamber
It’s necessary to petch blood in melanger for leucocytes till the mark 0,5 or 1,0. To wipe melanger’s end with cotton wool and then, putting it in dilutor – 5% acetic acid, colored with methylenic blue, to petch melanger’s content. To pour the first 1-2 blood drops onto cotton wool, to fill up chamber with the third one. The investigator must estimate leucocytes under small increasing in 25 large (400 small) squares. Leucocytes amount is estimated on formula:
| X=(a x 4000 x 20 or 10) : (25 x10) x 106, |
where:
X – leucocytes amount in 1 l of investigated blood;
a – leucocytes amount determined in course of count;
4000 mcl/mm3 – small square volume;
20/10 - blood dilution degree;
400 – small squares amount;
106 – re-count co-efficient in international units system.
5. Literature recommended:
1. Lecture course.
2. Mistchenko V.P., Tkachenko E.V. Methodical instructions for dental students (short lecture course).-Poltava, 2005.-P.39-41, 45-46.
3. Mistchenko V.P., Tkachenko E.V. Methodical instructions for medical students (short lecture course).-Poltava, 2005.-P. 66-69.
4. Mistchenko V.P., Tkachenko E.V. Blood system Physiology //Methodical recommendations to practical classes for students of medical and dental departments.-Poltava, 2005.-20p.
5. Kapit W., Macey R.I., Meisami E. The Physiology Colouring Book: Harpers Collins Publishers, 1987.-P. 139-140.
6. Guyton – Ganong – Chatterjee. Concise Physiology /Ed. By Dr Raja Shahzad Gull: M.B.B.S., F.C.P.S., King Edward Medical College.-Lahore, 1998 (1st Edition).-P.178-192, 205-208.
7. Stuart Ira Fox. Human Physiology.-8th Ed.-McGrawHill, 2004.-P.369-371, 444-477.
8. Seeley R.R., Stephens T.D., Tate P. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology.-The 3rd Ed.-McGraw Hill, 1999.-P.291-293, 372-392.
6. Materials for self-control:
1. Control questions.
2. Leucocytes classification.
3. Leucocytic formula.
4. Separate leucocytes functions.
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5. Leucopoiesis and its regulation.
6. Leucocytes functions significance in dentistry.
LESSON 35
PLATELETS AND VASCULAR-PLATELET HEMOSTASIS INVESTIGATION
The topic studied actuality.
Haemostatic reactions are relatively constant during human life. Such reactions are provided by neuro-endocrine regulation complex mechanism as well as organs producing both activators and inhibitors of this process.
Important role in such a complicated regulatory system play salivary glands secreting and releasing with saliva in oral cavity haemostatic factors influencing on its vascular-platelet and coagulational-fibrinolytic link.
Particularly, saliva influences on platelets aggregation. Under its influence: latent period and aggregation velocity are accelerated, aggregates become bigger. Saliva also influences on platelet thrombus and fibrin clot retraction. It testifies to existence in it such substances like thrombostenin. Besides, this process acceleration can also be delt with calcium existence in saliva. Finally, aggregation can be caused by thromboxane B2 which is one of pro-aggregators (it is more powerful than thromboxane A2 though it has less time period comparatively to A2).
Saliva influence on platelets aggregation can also depend on antiaggregational features of salivary glands and parodont tissues. Parodont possesses mainly proaggregatory features.
Correlation between these substances (of anti- and proaggregational nature) in parodont, salivary glands, oral mucosa, saliva will define microcirculative haemostasis in a given part of alimentary tract. At proaggregational features enforcement microcirculatory hemostasis disorder can occur in mentioned substrates. Such enforcement will encourage parodontitis, syaloadenites and will influence also on interrelations between oral mucosa tissues and denturing materials in course of orthopedic treatment.
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