STUDY THE TYPICAL SUFFIXES WHICH FORM ADJECTIVES FROM NOUNS AND VERBS
| - ic | energy - energetic | - able | to break - breakable |
| - (ic)al | practice - practical | - ive | to attract - attractive |
| profession - professional | |||
| - ous | danger - dangerous | ||
| - y | ram - rainy | ||
| -ly | friend - friendly |
Note the meaning of the suffixes -ful and -less.
-ful means 'having', 'with', e.g. beautiful, careful, harmful,
peaceful, successful, useful.
-less means 'without', 'lacking', e.g. careless, friendless,
harmless, homeless, useless.
Note that the suffix -ly is used both in adverbs and
adjectives. See Part I, 5.
Make adjectives from the following nouns and verbs.
agriculture
alphabet
ambition
anger
comfort
courage
democracy
fame
fashion
health
honest
humour
hunger
luck
music
mystery
nerve
science
thirst
week
year
to advise
to agree
to change
to create
to cure
to decide
to enjoy
to protect
to respect
to value
Complete the sentences using adjectives formed from the nouns and verbs in brackets.
1. Those wires look a bit.... If I were you I would be more careful, (danger)
2. English weather is very .... It's often different from day to day. (change)
3. Long leather boots were extremely ... at one time, (fashion)
4. The country exports ... over two million tons of rice, (year)
5. Until the situation has settled down, it is not ... to travel to that country, (advise)
6. He's looking forward to starting his new job, but at the same time he's a bit.... (nerve)
7. I'm very pleased with my job. It's a very ... company to work in. (friend)
8. I think people who help the old, sick and ... are the salt of the earth, (home)
9. He's not very .... What he needs is someone to look after him and do everything for him. (care)
10. Jack is always in trouble though the rest of the family are ..., honest people, (respect)
11. The report which doesn't contain all the necessary facts is ... and makes a bad impression, (use)
12. A lot of people wear jeans and sweaters because they are cheap and .... (practice)
13. Smoking is ... to health and in many countries a warning is printed on every packet of cigarettes, (harm)
14. A taxi, sometimes called a cab, is the most ... way of travel, (comfort)
15. Everybody drank a toast to the future ... of the young couple, (happy)
16. The magazine was full of stories of the private lives of ... people, (fame)
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17. Disabled people sometimes have ... in coping with public transport, (difficult)
18. Jack was very proud. He got a new job with more mone\ and .... (responsible)
19. Pack the glasses carefully. They're .... (break)
20. I think it's ... to book rooms in a hotel in advance, (advise)
21. Firemen wear... clothing, otherwise they would get burnt, (protect)
22. My sister is a very... person. She paints and makes sculptures, (create)
23. The two countries signed an agreement on trade and ... cooperation, (culture)
STUDY THE NEGATIVE PREFIXES WHICH ARE USED WITH DIFFERENT PARTS OF SPEECH
Note that the prefixes dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, un- make words opposite in meaning to the original words.
E.g. to obey - to disobey, legal - illegal, patient - impatient, definite - indefinite, regular - irregular, lucky -unlucky.
Change the meaning of the following words from positive into negative by using one of the above prefixes.
comfortable
dependent
educated
friendly
happy
honest
literate
polite
popular
possible
tidy
usual
to agree
to appear
to approve
to like
to load
to tie
7.4.2. Put one of the above prefixes in each space to make the word which follows opposite in meaning.
1. It is the most... believable story I've ever heard.
2. I am afraid this is a very ... convenient arrangement.
3. The country became ... dependent soon after the end of World War II.
4. My parents ... approve of early marriages.
5. John left his job because he was ... able to deal with such a large amount of work.
6. When the ambulance came, the man was ... conscious after being knocked down by a car.
7. It's his first job and he is very ... experienced.
8. We had a long talk but we still... agree on a number of points.
9. Last summer I stayed in Paris for two weeks. It was an ... forgettable experience.
10. It was dark in the corridor and it took us ages to ... lock the door.
11. The sitting-room looks ... tidy after last night's party.
12. Sailing in a boat during the storm was a very ... pleasant experience.
13. The weather is ... usually warm for this time of the year.
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14. He's usually rather ... patient and ... friendly, but I must say he was very sympathetic when I told him about my family problems.
15. He just can't stop talking. He goes on and on about totally... important things.
16. We were surprised that he ... appeared without saying a word to his friends.
17. Some of the spectators ... agreed with the referee's decision.
18. The English verbs fall into two groups: regular and ... regular verbs.
19. It is ... legal to bring goods into a country without paying tax.
20. I wouldn't like to share a flat with an ... tidy person.
Mixed practice.
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