Study the following examples.
/ asked every person in the room the same question.
Each person gave a different answer.
They spend a fortnight in the mountains almost
every year.
Each member of the team got a prize.
Each of us needed a good rest.
N о t e: We use every when we think of a whole group; we use each when we think of the members of a group separately, one at a time.
Choose the correct pronoun.
A. 1. They believe (every/each) word he says. 2.1 asked (ever у /each) student in class, but none of them could answer my question. 3. The boys ate (every/each) cake on the plate. They didn't leave anything to the girls. 4. The match was very exciting and our team scored twice in (every/each) half. 5. (Every/Each) child at the party was given a present to take home. 6. (Every/Each) orange costs ten pence. 7.1 see Jack almost (every/each) day. 8. (Every/Each) of the children was given a piece of paper and a crayon. 9. (Every/Each) time I ask her about her brother she doesn't seem to know anything new. 10. What a wonderful movie! I enjoyed (every/each) minute of it. 11. I still see her (every/each) now and then. 12. (Each/Every) of the kids arriving for the first time is shown around the school. 13. (Each/Every) item of the programme ought to be carefully checked. 14. You'll have to apply the ointment (every/each) other day. 15. The airline takes (each/every) possible precaution to ensure the safety of its passengers.
В. The Miltons are all going on holiday this year. They have looked at... brochure in the travel agent's and they've decided to go to Portugal. They went to an island last year but ... beach they went to was filthy. Tom was sick ... day and Jane was bitten by insects on ... leg. ... time the twins went swimming they nearly drowned and Mary got an infection in ... ear when she wore the cheap earrings she bought in the market.
4.9. PRONOUNS ALL/WHOLE
Study the following examples.
All children should complete the primary course. All the students stopped talking. He soon lost all hope of becoming a professional tennis player.
I didn't see the whole film (all the film). 1 missed the first part. But: I finished all the coffee, (with uncountable nouns)
Compare the word order: the whole.../all the.... Before place names, the whole of is mainly used: the whole of Europe.
In some common time expressions, both whole and all are possible: the whole afternoon/night/week - all (the) afternoon/night/week; the whole time ~ all the time; mi-whole life - all my life.
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4.9.2. Complete the sentences with the appropriate pronoun. Insert the where necessary.
1. Did you remember to switch off... lights? 2. Have you spent ... money I gave you? 3. The weather was terrible yesterday. We spent... day at home. 4. Did you understand information 1 gave you? 5. She was hiding in the room ... time. 6. Have you read ... book? 7. The fire destroyed ... building. 8. ... I've eaten today is a sandwich. 9. Do ... of your friends study English? 10. He didn't say where he was going. ... he said was that he was going away. 11. On Saturday Alan spent... day fixing his motorbike. 12. Nick has spent his ... life in Bristol but he wasn't born there.
4.10. DEFINING (RELATIVE) PRONOUNS WHO(M)/ WHOSE/WHICH/THAT
Study the examples.
The man who spoke to us wasn 't English.
Dr. Jones is the professor who(m) I told you about.
Dr. Jones is the professor about whom I told you/that I told you about.
Did you see the letter which/that came this morning?
She's the girl whose brother works in the post office.
Complete the sentences with the appropriate pronoun.
A. 1. That's the woman ... works in the bank. 2. Most of the people ... work in Peter's office are very nice. 3. People ... outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people. 4. Have you seen the book ... was on this table? 5. The man ... we spoke to wasn't very nice. 6. Mr. and Mrs. Allen are the people ... child was injured in an accident. 7.1 really enjoyed the book ... I read last week. 8. The woman ... answered the phone asked me to call back later. 9. Mary has two brothers. Do you know the one ... lives in America? 10. What's the name of the man ... plays James Bond?
11. The money ... I left on the table seems to have disappeared. 12. The man ... bicycle I borrowed lives next door.
13 Carl is the one ... desk is next to mine. 14. You are the only person here ... knows me. 15. The pianist... played at the concert last night is internationally famous. 16. The restaurant ... Bob recommended was expensive. 17. The woman ... lives next door to us is a weathercaster on a local TV station. 18. The speech to ... we listened last night was informative. 19. The people about... the novelist wrote were factory workers and their families. 20. The cold weather ... swept in from the north damaged the fruit crop. 21. Hunger and poverty are worldwide problems to ... solutions must be found. 22. A barrel is a large container ... is made of wood and metal. 23. Mr. Green is the man ... I was talking about. 24. The chair ... Sally inherited from her grandmother is antique. 25.1 read about the child ... life was saved by her pet dog. 26. You need to talk to a person ... you can trust. You will feel better if you do.
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B. 1. We've got a small house ... we built ourselves. At the back of the house is Lake Geneva. In the summer the lake is full of boats ... carry passengers, ... work or shop in other towns and villages. The house next door to ours is owned by a German couple ... we see quite often. The people ... house is immediately opposite ours have lived here for generations and are also friendly. There is a small shop ... sells food and drink, but of course we go into Lausanne for things... we can't buy locally.
2. Andrew James owns three summer cottages ... he rents out to visitors. There are people ... return every year and some ... he now calls friends. Many visitors, however, are less than satisfactory. The cleaners ... go into the cottages at the end of the week are often shocked. They find hairdye ... adults have left on the bathroom walls, drawings ... bored children have put on bedroom walls; kettles ... smell because
visitors have boiled fish in them. There are people ... spill a mug °f coffee on the carpet and leave it there. They do not report television sets ... are broken or glasses they have smashed. One family took home a temperature knob ... only fits one particular make of cooker. At the end of each week, Mr. James and his wife search for spoons ... guests have dropped in the dust and check cushions ... they have turned round to hide the food stains.
3. Daniel Defoe ... was born in London in 1660 is the author of Robinson Crusoe ... has become a children's classic. The book was based on the experiences of a sailor called Alexander Selkirk. It's curious that Crusoe ... we think of as a kindly man is really a typical colonist.
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Defoe ... techniques are still employed in newspaper offices today has been called the first English novelist, but he was really a great journalist. This is why his best book is a wonderful reconstruction of the Great Plague of 1665.
4. The people ... are employed to tell us what the weather is going to be like are called weather forecasters. The ones ... write the forecasts ... appear in the newspapers don't usually write their names under the forecasts ... they make. But this is not true of those ... faces become familiar to us on TV, and they are the ones ... we blame if their forecasts are wrong. They are not people ... I feel sorry for, though, because they always speak as if they knew all the answers and never admit the mistakes... they made the day before.
MIXED PRACTICE
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