Благотворительность и ее роль в жизни общества
Темы для перевода и обсуждения в курсе «Деловой иностранный язык» по специальности
(соцработа), магистратура
Основные направления соц. работы.
Social work is the professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favorable to this goal. Social work practice consists of the professional application of social work values, principles, and techniques to one or more of the following ends: helping people obtain tangible services; providing counseling and psychotherapy with individuals, families, and groups; helping communities or groups provide or improve social and health services; and practicing in relevant legislative processes.
The practice of social work requires knowledge of human development and behavior; of social, economic and cultural institutions and of the interaction of all these factors.
Social Workers can be based within residential settings, such as children’s homes, hostels and care homes, or in a field-based capacity working within the community. Either way, their role is very similar and involves providing counseling, advice and support to vulnerable adults or children, including offenders. The clients they work with may be drug or alcohol dependent, suffering from a long-term illness, experiencing mental health problems or the subject of some form of abuse. The role of the Social Worker is to assess their needs and the subsequent level of social and emotional support that they may require.
Residential Social Workers who work with children are responsible for ensuring that their clients are provided with a safe, secure and friendly environment and will organize various activities for them aimed at developing their life skills to enable them to live independently in the future. With adults, their responsibilities may also include helping them with the daily running of their lives including handling finances and benefit claims. Social Workers with elderly clients will be responsible for ensuring that their clients live a dignified, safe and comfortable life within their residential setting.
Community-based Social Workers work closely with a variety of clients including families where children are considered to be at risk. They advise on drug and alcohol issues, support offenders and help people with terminal illnesses adjust to their situation.
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Social Workers form a vital part of an extensive support network which can include doctors, teachers, police and other health care professionals. They are required to demonstrate excellent counseling skills and the ability to develop positive relationships with their clients while remaining professionally detached. Acting on behalf of a caseload of clients necessitates good time management and the flexibility to be able to respond to the needs of a client whenever required.
It is not possible to practice as a Social Worker without a degree or postgraduate qualification approved by the General Social Care Council (GSCC), after which you can apply for professional registration. The degree can often be achieved through part-time study while also gaining
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Требования к специалисту по соц. Работе
The following broad ethical principles are based on social work’s core values of service, social justice, dignity and worth of the person, importance of human relationships, integrity, and competence. These principles set forth ideals to which all social workers should aspire.
Value: Service
Ethical Principle: Social workers’ primary goal is to help people in need and to address social problems.
Social workers elevate service to others above selfinterest. Social workers draw on their knowledge, values, and skills to help people in need and to address social problems. Social workers are encouraged to volunteer some portion of their professional skills with no expectation of significant financial return (pro bono service).
Value: Social Justice
Ethical Principle: Social workers challenge social injustice.
Social workers pursue social change, particularly with and on behalf of vulnerable and oppressed individuals and groups of people. Social workers’ social change efforts are focused primarily on issues of poverty, unemployment, discrimination, and other forms of social injustice. These activities seek to promote sensitivity to and knowledge about oppression and cultural and ethnic diversity. Social workers strive to ensure access to needed information, services, and resources; equality of opportunity; and meaningful participation in decision making for all people.
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Value: Dignity and Worth of the Person
Ethical Principle: Social workers respect the inherent dignity and worth of the person.
Social workers treat each person in a caring and respectful fashion, mindful of individual differences and cultural and ethnic diversity. Social workers promote clients’ socially responsible selfdetermination. Social workers seek to enhance clients’ capacity and opportunity to change and to address their own needs. Social workers are cognizant of their dual responsibility to clients and to the broader society. They seek to resolve conflicts between clients’ interests and the broader society’s interests in a socially responsible manner consistent with the values, ethical principles, and ethical standards of the profession.
Источник: http://study-english.info/social_work
Применение арт-терапии
Art Therapy, as defined by the American Art Therapy Association, allows for creative expression that can overcome the limitations of language. In other words, if it’s too difficult, confusing, or painful to be said, written, or signed, then maybe drawing, painting, sculpting, coloring, sewing, collaging, and many other methods of visual art can surpass the stumbling block of language. Its potential applications can help improve areas of deficit like:
· cognitionandsensory-motorfunction
· self-esteem and self-awareness
· emotionalresilience
· insight
· socialskills
· conflicts and distress
However, what Art Therapy is not, may be equally important as what it is. For example, Art Therapy provided by a trained professional can’t be substituted for services by someone who does not have such training. The term “Art Therapy” has been modified to suit a larger group of people, and it has evolved in this do-it-yourself culture to include products that aren’t specifically used and sanctioned by professional Art Therapy practitioners.
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Traditionally, Art Therapy apps and adult coloring books can’t be classified as Art Therapy unless they are designed by licensed professionals. Often this lack of credentials is the case with mass-marketed adult coloring books.
However, this doesn’t mean that coloring apps and adult coloring books, among many other resources outside of the counselor’s office, aren’t good for self-care. These methods are excellent for as-needed use, and there are professional resources that can be turned to as well.
Anxiety can be crippling. It can wreak havoc in your most treasured relationships, can make it difficult to leave the house or go to work, and it can make day-to-day life feel hazardous and lonely. More than eighteen percent of the population of the United States each year is affected by anxiety disorders, adding up to forty-million adults aged eighteen and older.
Unfortunately, anxiety goes untreated a great deal of the time, which means that millions of afflicted adults either have no means of coping with their anxiety or are coping in whatever ways they are able, which may be doing more harm than good.
One of the most enlightening parts of Art Therapy is the process of creation which is as revealing as the final result. For people with anxiety, there may be an intense need to finish the project, to clearly delineate the details, to create subject matter that is universally appealing.
This was the situation in a case study conducted by CherubinaAlbertini whose client suffered from Agoraphobia with Anxiety and Panic Disorder. While the client benefited from the creation of the art, the therapist was able to discover some of the origins of her client’s anxiety through discussing the works and watching her process.
For anxiety sufferers, self-discovery and healthy coping mechanisms are essential, and Art Therapy techniques are among the healthiest ways to deal with the complications of life with Anxiety.
Источник https://positivepsychologyprogram.com/art-therapy/
Благотворительность и ее роль в жизни общества
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Charity is quite popular nowadays. People have become more open and kind-hearted. On the whole, charity means voluntary giving of help to those who are in need. Charitable giving can include the act of giving money, goods, time, attention and kindness to the unfortunate. Most forms of charity mean providing basic items of necessity, such as food, water, clothing, shelter, healthcare and else. There are so many charitable organizations in the world today. They allow people to donate either directly or online, through websites. Charitable organizations also include orphanages, food banks, religious institutes and hospitals for the poor. Donating things you don’t use anymore is one of the forms of charity. Not everyone is lucky enough to have lots of toys or warm clothes for winter. Sometimes people simply can’t find the job to earn enough money. Others are sick, disabled or elderly and can’t get around on their own. These are the cases when charity helps. If everyone made charity a part of their life and helped those who are in need, the world would become a better place to live. Mother Teresa once said: “To truly give charity, you must be free of selfishness!” And, it’s true. The acts of charity come in many different forms. It you have ever helped to plant a garden or gave your jar of coins to someone who needs it more than you, then you already know what charity is. However, true charity doesn’t only mean giving out money and unwanted items to others. True charity starts with a kind word given by you to someone on a bad day, with a sincere smile and with love.
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