Many colonial administrators took on their duties

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Hanoverian DynastyAND VICTORIAN AGE

Name: ___________________________________________________

Task 1. Point out some facts you consider important or significant about Britain before Industrial Revolution:

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Task 2.Try to formulate what is the bottom line of Industrial Revolution ________________________________

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Task 3.To your mind, why did the Industrial Revolution start 1) in Britain exactly 2) and so early?

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Task 4. What are the inventions, which influenced the high paces of Industrial revolution?

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Task 5.What are the results of Industrial Revolution?

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Task 6. What are the main results of Victorian Age?

Naval country

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Imperial country

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Industrialisation

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Civic engagement

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Ireland

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Politics

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MATERIALS FOR PREPARING

The House of Hanover (the Hanoverians) were a German royal dynasty which succeeded the House of Stuart as kings of Great Britain in 1714. They also ruled Hanover in Germany, their original posession. It is sometimes referred to as the House of Brunswick, Hanover line. The first Hanoverian rulers, George I and George II, were from Hanover, in what is now Germany. The Hanoverians were descended from Heinrich der Löwe.

Holders of the British Crown also served as Electors of Hanover (see Personal union). Beginning in 1814, when Hanover was made into a kingdom, the British monarch also served jointly as King of Hanover. The thrones of the United Kingdom and Hanover diverged in 1837 as the throne of Hanover, unlike that of the U.K., was under the Salic law, and so did not pass to Queen Victoria and instead passed to her uncle, the Duke of Cumberland.

The dynasty provided six monarchs:

Of the Kingdom of Great Britain:

George I (r. 1714-1727)

George II (r. 1727-1760)

George III (r. 1760-1820)

Of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland:

George III (r. 1760-1820)

George IV (r. 1820-1830)

William IV (r. 1830-1837)

Victoria (r. 1837-1901)

Victoria changed the name of the dynasty to the House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, after her husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha. However, the current British monarch is a direct descendant of George I, and the Act of Settlement requires the monarch to be a Protestant descendant of Sophia, Electress of Hanover.

Overview: Victorian Britain, 1837 – 1901(By Professor Eric Evans. Last updated 2011-03-29).

During the Victorian era, Britain could claim to be the world's superpower, despite social inequality at home and burgeoning industrial rivals overseas. How did it happen?

Naval supremacy

'When Britain really ruled the waves, in good Queen Bess's time' was the assessment of the late Victorian age's leading satirist, WS Gilbert. (He put these words into the mouth of a spoof peer of the realm in the comic opera 'Iolanthe', which he wrote with Arthur Sullivan in 1882.) Gilbert's Lord Mountararat got it wrong. Naval exploits in the age of Elizabeth I are regularly romanticised and their significance exaggerated. Late 16th century England, though growing in importance under an able, crafty and ruthless monarch, remained a bit-part player on the European stage.

Britain's naval might was not openly challenged

On the high seas between the battles of Trafalgar and Jutland.

Britain 'really ruled the waves' throughout Gilbert's own lifetime. He lived from 1836 to 1911, during the reigns of Victoria and her successor, Edward VII. Britain's naval might was not openly challenged on the high seas between Admiral Horatio Lord Nelson's famous victory at Trafalgar in 1805 and the World War One Battle of Jutland with the German navy in 1916. During the Victorian age, Britain was the world's most powerful nation. Though not always effortlessly, it was able to maintain a world order which rarely threatened Britain's wider strategic interests. The single European conflict fought during Victoria's reign - the Crimean War of 1854 - 1856 - contrasted markedly with the 18th century, during which the British were involved in at least five major wars, none of which lasted less than seven years.

The Victorians believed that peace was a necessary pre-condition of long-term prosperity.

Victoria's empire

In 1882 Britain was in the later stages of acquiring the largest empire the world had ever seen. By the end of Victoria's reign, the British empire extended over about one-fifth of the earth's surface and almost a quarter of the world's population at least theoretically owed allegiance to the 'queen empress'. These acquisitions were not uncontested. A number of colonial wars were fought and insurgencies put down as bloodily as the colonisers considered necessary.

Many colonial administrators took on their duties

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