Спряжение глагола to have (got) в настоящем простом времени
| I | have(got) [hæv] | a cat. | У меня есть кот. |
| He | a cat. | У него есть кот. | |
| She | has [hæz] | (got) a cat. | У неё есть кот. |
| It | a toy. | У него (неё) есть игрушка. | |
| You | a cat. | У тебя (вас) есть кот. | |
| They | have [hæv] | (got) a cat. | У них есть кот. |
| We | a cat. | У нас есть кот. |
В русском языке мы говорим: "У меня есть", для перевода на английский язык это предложение необходимо перефразировать таким образом, чтобы в нем появилось слово "иметь", т. е. "Я имею".
У него есть кот. (Он имеет кота.)Не has a cat.
Форма have got является разговорным эквивалентом глагола have.
I have a cat.– У меня есть кот. I have got a cat.– У меня есть кот.
Отрицательное предложение образуется путем постановки частицы not после глагола to have (has).
I have(got)a cat.– У меня есть кот. I have not(got)a cat.– У меня нет кота. I haven't(got)a cat.(Краткая форма.)
He has(got)a cat.– У него есть кот. Не has not got a cat.– У него нет кота. Не hasn't(got)a cat.(Краткая форма.)
Отрицательные предложения также могут образовываться следующим образом:
I have a cat. У него есть кот. I have no cat. У меня нет кота.
Не has a cat. У него есть кот. Не has no cat. У него нет кота.
Обратите внимание на отсутствие неопределенного артикля а в данной конструкции.
Вопросительное предложение образуется путем постановки глагола have (has) на первое место; подлежащее будет на втором месте.
Have you(got)a cat?– У тебя (вас) есть кот?
Has he(got)a cat?– У него есть кот?
Exercises
Read about these people.
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Correct the sentences.
1. Mel Gibson is American.
2. Steven Spielberg is an actor. Gabriela Sabatini is Italian.
3. Jodie Foster and Steven Spielberg are Australian.
4. Luciano Pavarotti is Argentinian.
5. Mel Gibson is a singer.
6. Gabriela Sabatini and Steffi Graf are actresses.
3. Complete the questions with is or are. Give true answers.
1. What | your name?
2. Where | you from?
3. How old | you?
4. When | your birthday?
5. What colour | your eyes?
6. Who | your best friend?
4. Complete the questions with is or are. Give true short answers.
1. you | a good singer?
2. your teacher | married?
3. tennis | your favourite sport?
4. your shoes | new?
5. your best friend | English?
6. you | very intelligent?
Can you complete the examples?
1. I've … a new boyfriend. – More natural than I have a new boyfriend.
2. … your sister got a car? OR Does your sister ... a car? – More natural than Has your sister a car?
3. I haven't … your keys. OR I have your keys. – More natural than I haven't your keys.
4. The school does not … adequate sports facilities. – More natural than The school has not adequate sports facilities.
5. … you … good teachers when you were at school? – More natural than Had you good teachers ...?
6. She … children. – More natural than She hadn't children.
6. Complete the conversations, using have got, has got etc.
1. You … an aspirin? I … a terrible headache. – I'll just look. I think, I … some in my bag. Oh, no, sorry, I ... any.
2. How many brothers and sisters ... you? – Just one brother.
3. We … a new car. – Really? – Yes, four-wheel drive, power steering and anti-lock braking. – Fascinating.
4. I'm afraid I ... some bad news for you. – Oh, no. What is it this time?
5. Why … you dark glasses on? – Something wrong with my eyes.
6. … I dirt on my nose? – No, but you ... something funny in your hair.
7. Sally, I … a new boyfriend. – What's he like? – Very good-looking. He's quite tall, and he ... big dark brown eyes and a lovely smile. But she says he ... a terrible temper.
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Choose the right verb.
1. A group of teenagers in the town (has / have)organised a scheme to help old people with their shopping.
2. A number of people (has / have)complained about the noise.
3. Do you think three pounds (is / are)abig enough tip?
4. Hamburger and chips (is / are)not a very healthy lunch.
5. In the latest rail union vote, the majority (has / have)voted to go on strike; the rest of the members (is / are)expected to support the strike fairly solidly.
6. Two kilos (is / are)pretty small for a newborn baby.
7. Our teenage son thinks there (is / are)a number of good reasons for staying up late and having a good time.
8. More than one house in our street (has / have)been broken into recently.
9. A couple of dangerous-looking men (is / are)waiting for you outside.
10. One of my friends (has / have)just won two free plane tickets to New York.
11. Six weeks (is / are)a long time to wait for news of your family.
12. The majority of the children's parents (is / are)unemployed.
13. A lot of shops (is / are)opening on Sundays now.
14. The Philippines (has / have)signed the new human rights agreement.
15. The police think that more than one person (was / were)in the stolen car.
16. Tom and Rosie were late, but the rest of us (was / were) on time.
17. (Is / Are)bacon and eggs what you usually eat for breakfast?
18. We've just learnt that a couple of our club members (has / have)been chosen for the national team.
Keys
1.1. is; 2. am; 3. am; 4. am; 5. are; 6. is; 7. is; 8. is; 9. is.
5. 1. I've got...; 2. Has your sister got... / Does your sister have...;3. I haven't got... / I don't have...; 4. The school does not have...; 5. Did you have good teachers...; 6. She didn 't have… .
6.1. Have you got; I've got; I've got; I haven't got; 2. have you got; 3. have got; It's got; 4. I've got; 5. have you got; I've got; 6. Have I got; you've got; 7. has got; he's got; he's got.
7. 1. have; 2. have; 3. is; 4. is; 5. have; are; 6. is; 7. are; 8. has; 9. are; 10. has; 11. is; 12. are; 13. are; 14. has; 15. was; 16. were; 17. Is; 18. have.
Оборот there is/are
Предложение с оборотом there is/are служит для указания на наличие или отсутствие какого-либо незнакомого предмета в определенном месте. Если в русском варианте предложение начинается с обстоятельства места, то при переводе его на английский язык, как правило, используется конструкция there is/are. Конструкция there is/are не переводится на русский язык.
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На столе яблоко. –There is an apple on the table.
В Москве много красивых зданий. –There are many beautiful buildings in Moscow.
В моей сумке 3 конфеты. –There are three sweets in my bag.
Сравните употребление конструкции there is/are в следующих предложениях:
Look, there is a letter on the table.– Посмотри, на столе какое-то письмо. (Незнакомое письмо.)
Where is the letter?–The letter is on the table.– Где письмо? (Конкретное знакомое письмо.) – Письмо на столе.
There are thirty schools and three institutes in Brest.– В Бресте 30 школ и 3 института.
Thirty schools and three institutes are in Brest.– Тридцать школ и три института в Бресте.
Отрицание также может быть образовано следующим образом:
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