II. Listen to the girl speaking about her eating habits and answer the questions below
1. What problem does the girl have?
2. Why is it a harmful habit?
3. Why can’t she stop eating chocolate?
III. Let’s talk about youth and society.
11.
I. 1. Read the article and say in 2-3 sentences what it is about.
PYTHAGORAS*
Pythagoras* is often described as a very important mathematician, yet we know little about his achievements. What we do know is that he was the leader of a society which was half scientific and half religious. It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure.
It is believed that Pythagoras was born on the Greek island of Samos. His father was a merchant, and as a child, Pythagoras travelled with him selling their goods. Pythagoras was well educated. He learned music and poetry and had three philosophers to teach him who introduced Pythagoras to mathematics and advised him to travel to Egypt to learn more about mathematics and astronomy. So in 535 BC, Pythagoras travelled to Egypt where he visited many temples and took part in discussions with priests. Many of the customs he learnt in Egypt he came to adopt. For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life.
In 525 BC the King of Persia invaded Egypt. Pythagoras was taken prisoner and was transported to Babylon. It was here, taught by the Babylonians, that he reached perfection in arithmetic and music. When Pythagoras returned to Samos he founded there a school which was called ‘The Semicircle’. It seems that the people of Samos did not appreciate the teaching methods of Pythagoras and they treated him rudely and improperly. Furthermore, they wanted to involve Pythagoras in local politics against his will. For these reasons, he went to Italy.
Pythagoras believed that numbers rule the universe and that numbers are present in all things. He also connected mathematics to music and recognized the healing power of music. He used it as a kind of therapy to help those who were ill. Another of his beliefs was that there are three types of men: those who love wisdom, those who love honour and those who love wealth.
Pythagoras was a mathematician, an astronomer, and a philosopher. Today we remember him best for his famous geometry theorem, known as Pythagoras’ theorem.*
1 *Pythagoras [paɪˈθæɡərəs] Пифагор
2 Pythagoras’ theorem [paɪˈθæɡərəsɪz ˈθɪərəm] теоремаПифагора
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2. Where did Pythagoras go to learn mathematics and astronomy? Read aloud the extract which says about it.
3. Why did Pythagoras go to Italy?
4. What are the three types of men according to Pythagoras?
II. Listen to the interview taken by the “Youth Magazine” with Mr Ron Cansler and answer the questions below.
1. How old is MrCansler?
2. What helped him to stay healthy?
3. What does he recommend listeners should do?
III. Let’s talk about the mass media.
12.
I. 1. Read the article and say in 2-3 sentences what it is about.
AMELIA
Possibly the most famous female pilot ever, Amelia Earhart was born in 1897 in Kansas, the USA. Amelia had a difficult and unsettled childhood. Her family travelled a great deal so her father could find work. Although she often missed school, Amelia was nevertheless considered to be very bright academically. She enjoyed reading and poetry as well as sports, especially basketball and tennis.
After graduating from high school, instead of going to college, Amelia decided to study nursing. During the First World War, she worked as a military nurse in Canada. When the war ended she became a social worker back in America and taught English to immigrants. In her free time, Amelia enjoyed going to air shows and watching aerial stunts1, which were very popular during the 1920s. Her fascination with flying began when, at one of those shows, she took a tenminute ride, and from that moment on she knew she had to learn to fly.
Amelia took on several odd jobs to pay for the flying lessons and after a year, she had saved enough money to buy her own plane. She organized crosscountry air races for women pilots and formed a now famous women pilots’ organization, called the ‘NinetyNines’. One day Amelia received an invitation to be the first woman ever to make the flight across the Atlantic from Canada to Britain. Amelia made the flight in 1928 and, although she was only a passenger and two men flew the plane, it made her a celebrity. She also met there her future husband, George Putman, a publisher, who arranged the flight and organized all the publicity.
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In 1932 Amelia and George decided Amelia should make the Atlantic crossing from America to Britain alone. She broke several records on this flight; she became the first woman to fly the Atlantic solo, the only person to have flown it twice and she established a new transatlantic crossing record of 13 hours and 30 minutes. Understandably, she became even more famous as a result earning respect for women pilots all over the world by proving that women could fly as well as men, if not better.
1 *an aerial stunt [ˈɛərɪəl ˈstʌnt] фигуравысшегопилотажа
2. How did Amelia get interested in flying? Read aloud the extract which says about it.
3. What invitation did Amelia receive one day?
4. Why did Amelia become famous?
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