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Nbsp; Министерство образования Республики Башкортостан ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж ОДОБРЕНО УТВЕРЖДАЮ Председатель МЦК «Иностранный язык» Зам. директора по УР ________ Гильмиярова Г.В. _________ Дымова Г.Р. « ___ » __________ 2017г. « __ » _________2017г.
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Контрольные задания
по дисциплине «Иностранный язык»
для студентов 2 курса
заочной формы обучения
Специальность:
38.02.01.
Экономика и бухгалтерский учет (по отраслям)
(базовая подготовка)
Уфа 2017
Организация-разработчик: ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
Разработчики:
Дикушина Е.Р., преподаватель ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
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Гильмиярова Г.В., преподаватель ГАПОУ Уфимский топливно-энергетический колледж
Обсуждена на заседании МЦК «Иностранный язык»,
Протокол № _ от « _ » __________ 201_года
Контрольная работа №2
Тема №1 WHAT IS ECONOMICS ALL ABOUT?
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Выполните упражнения после текста.
Составьте глоссарий основных слов и понятий по теме.
It is characteristic of any society that while wants of people are growing constantly, the economic resources required to satisfy these wants are limited and scarce. Economic resources may be classified as material resources (raw materials and capital) and labour resources (labour force and entrepreneurship). Scarcity of resources makes it necessary to save them. As a result any economic system is trying to find most effective and efficient ways of utilizing resources for the production of goods and services. The rational solution of the problem brings about the maximum economic growth, full employment, stable prices, equitable distribution of revenues, and social security of the needy.
There are different economic systems in the world today. Many economists argue that free enterprise, or the market economy is the most effective system, because businesses are free to choose whom to compete with. How can a market economy solve what, how and for whom to produce?
It is done through a market, which is a set of arrangements through which buyers and sellers make contact and do business, in which choices concerning the allocation of resources and transactions among members 6 of society involving factors of production, incomes, goods and services are left to countless independent decisions of individual consumers and producers acting on their own behalf.
One of the main laws of the market is the law of supply and demand. It says that if demand exceeds supply, the price tends to rise and when supply exceeds demand the price tends to fall. Given the scarcity of resources, the market functions as a rationing device with the price mechanism as its principal instrument. In free markets, prices direct allocations of inputs of firms that make the most profitable use of them. The price mechanism also guides the decisions of producers concerning the composition of their output. Finally, the price mechanism of demand and supply.
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Thus, the market mechanism brings about an allocation of resources that reflects two basic factors: consumer preferences and production costs. The price which play the coordinating role of the market mechanism are determined through the interaction of demand and supply.
Another important force of the market is competition. On the one hand, it protects the customers – they have the right of choice and they benefit from the fact that competition keeps price close to costs; on the other hand, it makes producers and suppliers of scarce resources utilize them economically, using most sophisticated technologies.
All business produce goods and services and seek profits. They all compete with other businesses for inputs of labour, capital and natural resources, including foreign partners. Freedom of enterprise is not total the market economy. Businesses are subject to laws and government regulations. Economic machines do not always run smoothly. They are subject to a business cycle that alternates between periods of rapid expansion and periods of recession in which outputs fall and unemployment rises. Economic environment is determined by the economic policies of the government, fiscal and monetary policies being the major factors. So, if an economic system is to perform well it must deal with many economic challenges.
Ответьте на вопросы .
1. What is characteristic of any society?
2. How can economic resources be classified?
3. What is the most efficient economic system? Why?
4. How does the market operate?
5. What is the price determined by?
6. What role the price mechanism play in free – market economy?
7. Why is competition an important force of the market?
8. What determines the economic environment?
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