As (temporal conjunction)
Translate into Russian using different constructions corresponding to the clauses introduced by as.
1. Now, as he watched the black hopper that was nibbling at the wool of his sock with its fourway lip, he realized that they had all turned black from living in the burned-over land (Hemingway).
2. Vincent Perrin said to himself again and again as he climbed the hill: "It shall be all right this term..." (Walpole).
3. As we climbed into the San Jacintos, we entered the realm of the Her thoughts, which could never help themselves, began to form into a plan. If the "Night Life" series was generally considered a success, and led to something else, preferably under contract, then she would look about for a responsible girl who could drive, to look after the twins... (Trollope).
Fail (verb)
Translate into Russian using different equivalents for fail.
1. In Chaucer's time a Kentish man would have sounded almost unintelligible to a Cumbrian, and each would have failed to understand a Devonian (Peel).
2. Reading through his notes,... Dr. Audlin considered how best he could bring his patient to the state of mind that, now that his usual methods of treatment had failed, he thought alone could help him (Maugham).
3. Still, my fear is that I failed to conceal entirely my amazement. I had to fight desperately against the natural human tendency to assume that no boy with whom one has been to school can have developed into a great man (Conrad).
4. This pest (Hypsipyla grandella) chews shoots causing the growing tip to divide, and producing trees with multiple branches that are worthless to the timber trade. This is one reason why foresters have
failed to grow Brazilian mahogany on plantations over the last century: nearly all have been damaged by the caterpillars (Bonner).
5. When Duse came on (the stage), the atmosphere was already electric, and she could hardly fail to make the most wonderful impression (Gielgud).
6. Each time I saw him, he never failed to inquire about the progress of our research.
7. The authors he wrote to, flattered by his praise, answered at length.... They could not fail to be charmed by his frankness and warmed by his enthusiasm (Maugham).
8. Miss Marple stood looking out of a window. Behind her, on the bed, was her suitcase. She looked out over the garden with unseeing eyes. It was not often that she failed to see a garden she was looking
at, in either a mood of admiration or a mood of criticism (Christie).
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9. Miss Gannet's Mah Jong was of the poorest variety possible, as Caroline did not fail to point out to her (Christie).
10. As the story unfolded itself, I realized more and more what a damning series of facts it was. Alive, Ackroyd could hardly have failed to alter his will — I knew him well enough to realize that to do so would be his first thought (Christie).
11. Her heart gave a sudden thud against her ribs; she was cured. She could think of him now with indifference.... It was strange to look back and remember how passionately she had yearned for him; she thought she would die when he failed her; she thought life thenceforward had nothing to offer but misery (Maugham).
12. The ten cents carried Martin across the ferry to San Francisco, and as he walked up Market Street he speculated upon his predicament in case he failed to collect the money. There would then be no way for him to return to Oakland... (London).
Turn (noun)
Translate into Russian using suitable equivalents for turn.
1. But if the play makes the public aware that there are such people as phoneticians, and that they are among the most important people in England at present, it will serve its turn (Shaw).
2. The truth is that Father Brown was looking for a young friend who had appointed that somewhat incongruous meeting-place, being herself of a more futuristic turn (Chesterton).
3. In other words, the immediate ends (= aims) cease to be felt as chief ends and gradually become necessary means, but only means, toward the attainment of the more remote ends. These remoter ends, in turn, become the chief ends of life (Sapir).
4.... you must have an idea at least of the background — the city of Vienna, divided up in zones among the four powers; the Russian, the British, the American, the French zones, and in the centre of the city the "Inner Stadt" under the control of all four Powers. In this Inner Stadt each power in turn, for a month at a time, takes, as we call it, "the chair", and takes care of things (Greene).
5. This mixing of subcultures will do a good turn to both peoples.
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6. In this year things took a sharp turn to the worst.
7. They were displeased at this turn of affairs.
8. It gave her quite a turn, what she saw.
9. The meat was roasted just to a turn.
than she had ever been for any one in her life, but not sorry enough to deny his words (Kipling).
8....he thrust his hands into his pockets and began to count over the many times that he had waited in strange or remote places for trains or camels, mules or horses, to carry him to his business (Kipling).
9. The train stopped for some obstruction on the line ahead and a party went out to reconnoitre, but came back cursing, for spades (Kipling).
10. "Oh, it's good to be alive again!" He yawned, stretched himself vigorously, and went on deck to be told that they were almost abreast of the lights of Brighton (Kipling).
13.3. Idioms with SOFT
Translate into Russian,
l....but quite apart from the work we do together and without reference to the needs of my profession, I have a soft spot for actors... (Priestley).
2. Being in a theatre at all was in itself a rare amusement, and she had stared with curiosity at the four readers, who were all real poets in their own right....Clara liked watching Margarita Cassel, because she was beautiful, and because she wore a nice dress, and because she was wholly audible, and yet she had a lurking suspicion that she was the soft option, that she was there expressly to amuse such people as her own uninitiated self... (Drabble).
3. Don't think you're going to persuade me by using soft soap.
4. Many examination candidates choose to take English literature because they regard it as a soft option.
5....These country folk talk soft sawder, but to get anything from them's like getting butter out of a dog's mouth (Galsworthy).
14.4. Suggest
Translate into Russian noting the variety of equivalents for suggest.
1. Lime had suggested that Martins should write something about Vienna and had promised to pay his expenses (Greene).
2. "But we've looked in all the secret drawers. We had a cabinet maker over to examine the furniture."
"Did you, dear? That was clever of you. I should suggest your uncle's own desk would be the most likely. Was it the tall escritoire against the wall there?" (Christie).
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3. Father Brown was wandering through a picture gallery, with an expression that suggested that he had not come there to look at the pictures (Chesterton).
4. The artist, painter, poet, or musician, by his decoration, sublime or beautiful, satisfies the aesthetic sense;... To pursue his secret has something of the fascination of a detective story.... The most insignificant of Strickland's works suggests a personality which is strange, tormented, and complex... (Maugham).
5. "Your brother?"
"Yes, and a girl." Robyn did a hop, skip and jump across the cluttered floor and went to open the front door, while Charles, displeased at the interruption, marked his place in the book and stowed it away in his briefcase. The little he knew about Basil did not suggest that deconstruction was a likely topic of conversation in the next hour or two (Lodge).
6....the Hayden Planetarium recently presented a series of science fiction films in its great dome. This is, of course, a surprising fact... It suggests a new standing for the genre.
7. I am not suggesting, however, that we dispense altogether with written translation. It must be done, and needs to be corrected (Duff).
Failure
Translate into Russian.
1. Cuno hated failure, hated even more to be known to fail (Murdoch).
2. He acknowledges the failures of the first two decades since the Endangered Species Act was first passed, but he believes we are starting to learn from them.
3. It was she who had pushed him into Parliament, and until he was hoofed therefrom as a failure, their path was surely conjoined along the crest of a large view (Galsworthy).
4. As it was, he impressed himself professionally on Europe to an extent that made his comparative personal obscurity, and the failure of Oxford to do justice to his eminence, a puzzle to foreign specialists in his subject (Shaw).
5. In the ordinary way Kudzuvine would have been relieved to know that he could hear and hadn't gone deaf to add to all the other system failures that had evidently occurred since he didn't know when. But not now (Sharpe).
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6. Mitchell was there (at school) until nearly half past five. Nobody came for him, his parents evidently did not worry if he failed to come home for tea. Presumably therein lay the failure that was Mitchell; it did little to justify him, it only explained Mitchell. You could not say "He had bad parents" and let it go at that; Mitchell himself was the problem now...
7. An event soon occurred which took a profound hold on the public mind. Sir John Willard died quite suddenly of heart failure (Christie).
8. The power of the book ("Oliver Twist") proceeds from the wonderful description of the underworld and the engagement of our sympathy on behalf of the inhabitants of that world. Its weakness lies in Dickens's failure to develop and carry through the pattern so powerfully presented in the first quarter of the novel (Maugham).
15.2. -ness
Find suitable Russian equivalents for abstmct nouns with the suffix -ness.
1. The Celts were of an impetuous character, imaginative, curious, and quick to learn. The Roman historians tell us of their eagerness for news, of their delight in clever speech and quick retort [Moody).
2....there was a brief period of fierce resistance, and then the Celts accepted, probably as much from curiosity as from compulsion, the imposing Roman civilization. Some of the more stubborn fled to the fastness of Wales and Scotland, but the greater part seem to have submitted to the Romans... (Moody).
3. "Ah", he said, as James came in. He sat in his usual chair, an upright armchair of singular charmlessness, with wooden arms and a deep seat... (Trollope).
4. For a full minute she sat there, searching his face; then, finding no response but a stony blankness, with a peevish gesture she slapped over the rest of the (bank) notes (Cronin).
5....some words of the Colonel's inevitably reached her ear, in which he seemed to be apologizing for the badness of his house (Austen).
6....early marriage, combined with the fact that Blaise never took her vocation seriously, had led her to lay aside her brush. She knew that she led a selfish life because all her otherness was so much a part of herself (Murdoch).
7. "It's so lovely — the night, and the blueness and the stars!" (Christie)
8. Such are my lonelinesses, which I once thought that Sophie might cure (Murdoch).
9. I handed bags through the window, and we were out in the dim longness of the platform (Hemingway).
10. Had there been after all some tiny fear in him which Harriet's sunniness had extinguished? (Murdoch)
Fact
Translate into Russian noting the variety of ways to render fact.
1. For the reader of Franklin's "Autobiography", it may be pivotal to know that this work was one of the very first autobiographies published. This fact alone would justify its continued popularity with the general reading public and the devotees of Americana (Bigoness).
2. There is little documentation for Shakespeare's boyhood.... He was merely an active and vigorous youth of Stratford, perhaps assisting his father in his business, and no Boswell bothered to write down facts about him.
3. Paddington peered through the letter-box at number thirty-two Windsor Gardens with a look of surprise on his face.
In point of fact he's been watching out for the postman, but instead of the blue-grey uniform he'd hoped to see, Mr.Curry, the Browns' next-door neighbour had loomed into view (Bond).
4. "But you will come, won't you?" said Miss Ivors, laying her warm hand eagerly on his arm.
"The fact is", said Gabriel, "I have just arranged to go — " (Joyce).
5. "Have a drink? Some whisky?"
Isabel's gramophone, turned down to an almost inaudible murmur, was playing Sibelius.
"No, thanks. I don't drink much." In fact I did not drink at all, only I always thought it sounded priggish and aggressive to say so (Murdoch).
6. We know for a fact that Peter the Great spent the first few months of 1698 in England, and that he had several conversations with King William III (Queen Elizabeth II).
7. The North American who pronounces the past tense of "eat" to rime with "fate" looks down on the speaker who uses [et], in spite of the fact that most British people, including no doubt royalty and aristocracy and the hierarchy of the church, generally say[et] (Alexander).
8. "Smith", said Rosemary. "We are going to have a little talk." "Oh, yes", said Philip. "Quite", and smiled his charming smile. "As a matter of fact", said he, "I wanted you to come into the library for a moment. Would you? Will Miss Smith excuse us?" (Mansfield)
9. "What did he die of in point of fact?" she asked. "Tuberculosis, opium and starvation", I answered. "How dreadful", she said (Maugham).
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