The British also say that they have three variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon or when it rains all day long.
Билет 23
1. Now let’s talk about weather and climate. What weather do you prefer? Climate is the weather a certain place has over a long period of time. Climate has a very important influence on plants, animals and humans and is different in different parts of the world. Some scientists think that the world is becoming hotter.
If you compare Belarusian winter and summer temperatures at the beginning of our century and at its end you will see that climate has really changed. Winters have become warmer. Sometimes there is little snow in January, and there were winters when it rained on the New Year's Eve. Many people say that it is so because of the greenhouse effect. During the last 100 years people have produced a lot of carbon dioxide.
The weather is the favourite conversational topic in England. British often surprise people of other nationalities by this tendency to talk about the weather, a topic of conversation that other people do not find so interesting.
The climate in Great Britain is mild and temperate due to the influence of the Gulf Stream. The British often say: "Other countries have a climate; in England we have weather." The weather in Britain is very changeable. A fine morning can change into a wet afternoon and evening. And a nasty morning can change to a fine afternoon. That's why it is natural for the British to use the comparison "as changeable as the weather" of a person who often changes his mood or opinion about something.
The British also say that they have three variants of weather: when it rains in the morning, when it rains in the afternoon or when it rains all day long.
As we see the climate in different parts of the world changes a little from year to year. These changes can be dangerous for our planet, which needs protection. Earth is millions of years old, much older than the humans. We know many of its secrets. Yet there is still much to learn.
2. Are you weather dependent? I think that weather can influence the mood and state of many people, although I’m not a weather dependent person.
3. What questions would you ask a meteorologist? What are the methods of predicting weather? Is it difficult to forecast for a long time? Why do you make so many mistakes?
4. What can you advise a person who wants to become a meteorologist? I can advise to enter the geographical faculty of our university.
5. They say there’s no bad weather, there are bad clothes. What do you think about it? Englishmen say 'There is no bad weather, there are bad clothes', It means that they like all the seasons, all kinds of weather. Every season is good in its own way. I also like all the seasons of the year.
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Билет 24
1. Let’s talk about our country. What can you tell me about our Motherland. The Republic of Belarus is a small, beautiful country with the heroic past and interesting present. It is situated in Eastern Europe. The Republic borders on Russia, the Ukraine, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia. It has an area of 207 square kilometers and a population of more than 10 million. Measured by its territory, Belarus ranks 13th among the states of Europe. Two-thirds of Belarus' population live in cities. There are 97 cities in the Republic. Its capital is Minsk, with the population of about two million people. Minsk is also the coordinating center of the commonwealth of independent States. The largest cities in Belarus are Brest, Vitebsk, Gomel, Grodno, and Mogilev, in which the administrative centers of the Republic are located.
Belorussian`s natural scenery is wide, lonely plains covered with hills, and many lakes and forests. The highest place in Belarus is the mount Dzerzhinskaya (345m) in Minsk region. There are nearly 3.000 rivers with the total length of over 51.000 kilometers in Belarus. The chief rivers are the Dnieper, the Neman, the Zapadnaya Dvina, the Pripyat. In the past they were great trade ways from Europe to Asia and India and many towns appeared on their banks. There are more than 10800 lakes in Belarus. Most of them are situated in the northern part of the republic. The largest lake is the Naroch (80 sq km) and the deepest one is the Dolgoye(54 metres). One third of the Republic's territory is covered with forests. The largest of them are called pushchas. The most beautiful is the Byelovezhskaya.
The climate in the Belarus is moderately continental. The climate is mild and one can travel comfortably here at any time of year. The moderately continental climate of Belarus is a gift from the Atlantic Ocean, and the winds that blow from the ocean make Belarus a zone of stable harvest.
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Today Belarusian industry produces tractors, big lorries, automatic lines, computers, television sets, bicycles, and else. Agriculture specializes in milk and meat production. The main cultures here are potatoes, flax, grain, herbs and vegetables. More than 30 minerals have been discovered nowadays in Belarus. Among them we have oil, natural gas, coal, rock salt, potassium salts, phosphorites, marl, iron ore, dolomites and others.
Belarus is a republic of well-developed science and culture. Every eight person in Belarus has higher education. The number of scientists and college teachers exceeds 75,000, among them more than 10,000 with doctoral degree or candidate status.
2. What parts of Belarus have you visited? I have visited many Belarusian cities in different regions. I’ve visited such cities as Minsk, Grodno and Brest.
3. What questions about Belarus do you expect to hear from a British teenager? What is the capital of Belarus? What sights can I visit in your country? Are there any interesting customs and traditions in Belarus?
4. What Belarusian sights can you advise a foreigner to visit? I strongly advise to visit Mir and Nesvizh Castles, Belovezhskaya Pushcha and the Belarusian National Library in Minsk.
5. They say that Belarus is at the crossroads of Europe. Explain why. Geographically Belarus is situated in the centre of Europe between Latvia and Ukraine, Poland and Russia. Historically many wars and battles located on the territory of our Motherland due to its favorable position on the map.
Билет 25
1. Let’s talk about Britain. What do you know about this country? The full name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands, Great Britain and Ireland, and a great number of small islands. Their total area is over 314 000 sq. km. The British Isles are separated from the European continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. Northern Ireland occupies one third of the island of Ireland. It borders on the Irish Republic in the south. The island of Great Britain consists of three main parts: England (the southern and middle part of the island), Wales (a mountainous peninsula in the West) and Scotland (the northern part of the island).
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There are no high mountains in Great Britain. In the north the Cheviots separate England from Scotland, the Pennines stretch down North England along its middle, the Cambrian Mountains occupy the greater part of Wales and the Highlands of Scotland are the tallest of the British mountains. There is very little flat country except in the region known as East Anglia. Most of the rivers flow into the North Sea. The Thames is the deepest and the longest of the British rivers. Some of the British greatest ports are situated in the estuaries of the Thames, Mersey, Trent, Clyde and Bristol Avon. Great Britain is not very rich in mineral resources; it has some deposits of coal and iron ore and vast deposits of oil and gas that were discovered in the North Sea.
The warm currents of the Atlantic Ocean influence the climate of Great Britain. Winters are not severely cold and. summers are rarely hot. The population of the United Kingdom is over 58 million people. The main nationalities are: English, Welsh, Scottish and Irish. In Great Britain there are a lot of immigrants from former British Asian and African colonies. Great Britain is a highly industrialized country. New industries have been developed in the last three decades. The main industrial centres are London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glasgow and Bristol. The capital of the country is London. The United Kingdom is a parliamentary monarchy.
2. Would you like to visit Britain? Why (not)? Yes, of course. It would be great to visit this unique country and to learn more about its geography, history and culture on the spot.
3. What would you ask a British teenager about national holidays in Britain? What is the difference between state and bank holidays in Great Britain? What is your favourite holiday? Are there any similar things in celebration of New Year in Great Britain and Belarus?
4. Give me a piece of advice on what sights to see in London. London is one the richest cities in its sights to visit. I strongly recommend you to visit the Bridge of London, the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben. You can go to Hyde Park just to rest and see the Poet’s Corner. But the best look on the city is from London Eye.
5. Do the British differ greatly from Belarusian people in character? Why? I think, it’s true. We differ a lot because of our different languages, customs, traditions and historical development. These are the factors which influence greatly on characters of people.
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