Translate the dialogues.
A: I have been having a lot of headaches lately.
B: Have you been having these headaches for a long time?
A: I have had headaches my whole life, but they have been getting worse lately.
B: Have you been under a lot of stress lately?
A: I've been under stress, but no more than usual.
B: Have you been getting enough sleep lately?
A: No, I only sleep a few hours a night.
B: Have you had any head injuries lately?
A: Yes, actually I fell skiing last week and hit my head.
B: I am going to send you for a CT scan, and I will see you again when we see the results.
A: I have been getting headaches almost every day lately.
B: Have you just started getting a lot of headaches?
A: I never had very many headaches before, but the last few weeks I have been getting a lot of them.
B: Have you had any unusually stressful situations in your life lately?
A: My mother just passed away last Tuesday.
B: I'm sorry. How about sleep? Are you getting enough rest?
A: I have been working really hard, and sleep has not been a priority.
B: Have you bumped your head or fallen lately?
A: No, I haven't hit my head.
B: I am going to send you to a neurologist for a few tests.
14. Read the four sets of questions below, and choose the odd–one–out from each set which does not mean the same as the others.
A Are you employed? A Have you ever been drunk? B Do you have a job? B What is your alcohol consumption? C Is your job stressful? C How much alcohol do you drink a day?
A Have you given up tobacco? A Do you have a big mortgage? B Have you stopped smoking? B Is your rent expensive? C How much do you smoke? C Does your landlord charge a lot?
15. You will see eight questions. Five of them are about a patient's present complaints and three would be asked during other visits. Find the three odd–ones–out, then listen to the recording and repeat the questions. Remember that stress and intonation are important.
a) What's the problem today?
b) Was your mother also allergic to cats?
c) Can you tell me what your symptoms are?
d) Have you ever had these complaints before?
e) Are you married or single?
f) What seems to bring this condition on?
g) When did you start feeling poorly / to
feel ill?
h) Does anyone else in your family have
the same problem at the moment?
16. Below are groups of questions. Select the correct heading for each group. Duration Factors that alter the problem Location Onset
Character Radiation Related symptoms
a)........................................................ Can you show me where it hurts? Can you point with your finger to the spot where it hurts? Where does it hurt? Where is your pain? Where is it sore?
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b)........................................................ Could you describe what the pain feels like? Can you describe the pain? What's the pain like? What kind of pain do you feel? What kind of pain is it? Is it getting more or less severe? How bad is the pain? Does it wake you up at night? Does it interfere with your everyday life? Does it affect your work? Is the pain better or worse now?
c)........................................................ How long have you had this pain? How long has it been bothering you? How long does it last? Do you have it all the time or does it seem to come and go? Is it constant or intermittent? Did it happen suddenly or gradually? How often do you get it?
d)........................................................ When does it come, when does it go? When did this pain start? What were you doing at the time this pain started? When was the last time you were without pain? When was the first time you noticed that something was wrong? Have you had anything like this before?
e)........................................................ Does anything relieve the symptoms or make them worse? What do you do when it happens? Is there anything that makes it better or worse? Is there any position that makes it feel better or worse? Have you received any drugs for your pain? How long does it take for the medicine to take effect? After you take the medicine, how long is it before you feel better? What makes the pain go away / disappear?
f)........................................................ Does the pain move to another part of your body? In which direction does the pain go? Does the pain seem to move anywhere else? Has the pain spread? Has the pain affected any other part of your body?
g)........................................................ What brings it on? What are your symptoms? Is it related to eating / coughing / your mood / tiredness / broken skin / body position / movement? Do you notice any side–effects? Does anything else happen at the same time?
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b) You can see some patients' complaints below. Write out the necessary questions to elicit these responses.
D: I believe that you are having some pain at the moment.
P: Right here down in my abdomen.
D:
P: It started just a few days before my period.
D:
P: It hurt really badly for about two or three days.
D:
P: I'd say it was a sharp, cramping feeling, unbearable.
D:
P: Yes, to my lower back, and all the way to my knees.
D:
P: Well, it seemed to get a bit better if I took some tablets, but it was still pretty bad.
D:
P: Oh, yes, I vomited a lot, I felt weak and bloated.
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