Практическая работа 3. Перевод текста «Спорт в США»
Тема 1. Система образования в России и за рубежом
Практическая работа 1. Работа с текстом «Образование в США». Выполнение лексических упражнений.
Задание. Прочитайте и переведите текст письменно.
Education in the United States
There is no federal educational standard in the USA. Schooling and educational programmes are the responsibility of each state; this is why one can find great differences in education from state to state. No uniform demands exist on education in schools or universities throughout the nation. In most states attending school is obligatory for children between six and seventeen. Secondary education institutions include elementary schools and high schools.
Higher education in the USA is not nation-wide. Colleges differ a lot from each other in scale and level of education as well as in the “quality” of diplomas given. There are private and state universities.
Private education is considered more prestigious. The most famous private university is Harvard. Higher education is rather expensive in the USA.
A typical American university has two levels of education: two years of undergraduate classes and two more years of graduate classes. The undergraduate years are called the freshman and the sophomore year.
During the first and the second year the students take subjects of general education: Science, Humanities, Arts. The specialization begins at the third and the fourth years, named the junior and the senior year respectively. After the fourth year at college, students get a Bachelor’s degree. Graduates may specialize further and do research. They get a Master’s Degree.
EXERCISES
1. Give the English equivalents of the following words and word combinations:
федеральный стандарт образования; учебные и образовательные программы; универсальные требования; начальная школа; средняя школа; считается более престижным; самый известный; довольно дорогое; первый курс; второй курс; третий курс; четвертый курс; общеобразовательные предметы; специализация; степень бакалавра; степень магистра
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2. Agree or disagree:
1. The system of education in the USA works according to the national standard.
2. Admission to elementary and high schools is free.
3. State universities are more prestigious than private ones.
4. The course in a typical American university lasts five or six years.
5. Sophomore is the second year in a university.
6. The specialization begins at the first year of studies in a university.
Make up ten questions on the text.
Compare education in the United States and in Russia.
Speak about education in the United States.
Тема 2. Здоровье и спорт
Практическая работа 2. Здоровый образ жизни. Развитие навыков аудирования. Выполнение лексических упражнений
Read the information and find out how people keep fit. Translate the text in the written form.
To keep fit most people do sports. Some of them join a sports club. The most popular individual
sports are walking, swimming, cycling and aerobics.
People work hard. They come home late and are busy at weekends. They have no time to go to a sports club or a sports centre which isn't quite near their homes. They can hardly do sport seriously. They just want to relax.
People of all ages and types do exercises at home to improve their health and to keep fit. In the morning they switch on the TV and follow fitness classes (оздоровительные занятия) at home or go jogging in the park in the evening.
2. Discuss and name:
a) at least three purposes to keep fit;
b) at least five ways to keep fit.
Work in pairs. Ask each other questions.
Start with these:
— What do you do to keep fit?
— Are there any fitness clubs in your place (village, town, city)?
— Have you ever gone to a fitness club?
— Do you do any sports?
— What sport is it?
— How often (regularly) do you do sports?
— Where do you usually do it (at home, at the stadium, at the school sports ground)?
— What sport is popular in your family?
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— Do you take part in any competitions?
— Have you ever won a prize or medal there?
4. Listen, read and act out:
— Hi, Helen! How nice to meet you here!
— Hello. I'm really glad to see you too.
— What are you doing here?
— You know, I don't do sports at my college now. And I'm getting out of shape. So I've decided
that every week I will do at least one sporty thing.
— That's great! You can join me. I do aerobics here. The only problem is that aerobics classes
are really popular, so a lot of people go to them.
— I'm afraid, I prefer smaller classes. It's not so embarrassing (не так стыдно) when you make
mistakes. If there are a lot of people in your class, I'll try something else.
— OK. What are your favourite sports?
— Oh, many of them. I love athletics. But I love to watch it — not to do it myself! I think I will
go swimming. Is there a swimming pool here?
— Sure. It's over there. Shall I show you the way?
— No, thank you. I'll find it myself. You were very helpful. Bye-bye.
Make up your own dialogues.
Use:
How nice to see you here!
I'm afraid, I'm getting out of shape.
Lots of people go there.
It's not so embarrassing when you make mistakes.
It's over there.
You were very helpful.
Практическая работа 3. Перевод текста «Спорт в США»
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