Task II. Fill in articles, where necessary.
Тематика самостійної роботи № з/п Назва теми Кількість годин 1 Економічні системи. Економічні системи України та країн, мова яких вивчається. Активний стан дієслів. 4 2 Форми організації бізнесу. Пасивний стан дієслів. 2 3 Ринки та ринкові структури. Ринкова ціна. Узгодження часів. 2 4 Гроші та фінансові установи. Непряма мова. 2 5 Система оподаткування. Види податків. Узагальнення вивченого граматичного матеріалу. 2 Разом 12 Завдання для самостійного опрацювання
Topic: The British Economy and Its Distinctive Features
Read and translate the following text and then make up the wordlist to this text:
Economy means a system for the management, use and control of the money, goods and other resources of a country, community or household. As in all European countries, the economic system in Britain is a mixture of private and public enterprise. Private enterprise accounts for three-quarters of gross domestic product and over two-thirds of total employment. Services account for 60 % of GDP and manufacturing for 25 %.
In December 1999 Britain’s total workforce in employment was a record 27 million. Nowadays of people working for an employer, 69 % are in manufacturing, 4.7 % - in construction and 3.4 % in the primary sector (agriculture, forestry, fishing, energy and water supply). Exactly how much of the country’s economy is controlled by the state has fluctuated a great deal in the last fifty years and has been the subject of continual political debate. The general trend for the state is to have more and more control. Various industries became nationalized, especially those concerned with the production and distribution of energy. So too did the various forms of transport and communication services. A lot of public corporations in the UK were nationalized mostly by government for political reasons. Some corporations became public to be rescued from bankruptcy. Thus the government saved thousands of jobs in those firms, so the taxpayer was saved from paying out large sums to unemployed people. A major part of the philosophy of the Conservative government was to let “market forces” rule and to turn state-owned companies into companies owned by individuals. This approach was a major part of the thinking of Thatcherism, and a large number of companies were privatized. Today there are more shareholders in the country than there are members of unions. As in other industrialized countries, unemployment is a major problem in the UK.
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Task1. Fill in prepositions, where necessary.
1. As ... all European countries, the economic system ... Britain is … mixture ... private and public enterprise.
2. Economy means a system ... the management, use and control … the money, goods and other resources ... a country, community or … household.
3. Exactly how much ... the country's economy is controlled ... I lie state has fluctuated a great deal ... the last fifty years.
4. Private enterprise accounts ... three-quarters ... gross domestic product and over two-thirds ... total employment.
5. Services account ... 60 per cent ... gross domestic product and manufacturing ... 25 percent.
6. Some corporations became public to be rescued ... bankruptcy.
7. The general trend ... the state is to have more and more control mid various industries became nationalized, especially those conn-rued ... the production and distribution ... energy.
8. The Government claims that there is no direct link ... rising i iime and high level ... unemployment.
9. The government saved thousands ... jobs ... those firms, so the luxpayer was saved ... paying ... large sums ... unemployed people.
10. The number ... people work, according ... the recent report ... the Department ... Employment ... the UK, is still rising.
11. The privatization ... services necessitated the creation ... various public 'watchdog' organizations ... regulatory powers ... the industries, which they monitor.
12. The rate ... inflation fell sharply ... the 1990s and rose again ... early 1998.
13. The study shows a close association ... jobless and the number ... the young offenders.
14. There used to be a lot ... public corporations ... the United Kingdom, but they were nationalized mostly ... Labour governments ... political reasons, reflecting a desire to control and plan the economy ... detail and a belief... public ownership as an ideal.
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Task II. Fill in articles, where necessary.
1. ... academic study shows that ... south of... England is suffering more than ... north: ... manufacturing more than ... services, ... men more than ... women, ... blacks and ... browns more than ... whites, ... young more than ... middle aged.
2. ... Britain's total workforce in ... employment was ... record ... 27 million.
3. ... local government authorities are encouraged to 'contract out' their responsibility for ... services to ... commercial organizations.
4. ... private enterprise accounts for ... three-quarters of ... gross domestic product and over ... two-thirds of... total employment.
5. ... railway tracks make ... natural monopoly of... state.
6. ... services account for ... 60 per cent of ... gross domestic product and manufacturing for ... 25 per cent.
7. ... Shedding surplus labour and ... renewed growth have led to ... gains in ... productivity.
8. ... special mention should be made of... British Rail.
9. As in ... other industrialised countries, ... unemployment is ... major problem.
10. As in all ... European countries, ... economic system in ... Britain is ... mixture of... private and public enterprise.
11. At ... same time ... different companies are allowed to operate ... competing services on ... same tracks.
12. If we let ... mass unemployment continue, if we let ... young men stay jobless long we shall have ... rising crime now and create ... criminals for ... future.
13. Some corporations became public to be rescued from ... bankruptcy.
14. There used to be ... lot of public corporations in ... United Kingdom, they included ... British Coal, ... British Steel, ... Post Of- lice, ... British Telecom, ... British Airports Authorities, ... British Rail und some others.
15. Thus ... governments saved ... thousands of jobs in those firms, so ... taxpayer was saved from ... paying out ... large sums to ... unemployed people.
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