LONDON AND ITS PLACES OF INTEREST
PLACES OF INTEREST IN GREAT BRITAIN
SPEECH PATTERNS
You should spend a holiday in the Highlands.
I hope you had a good time in London.
Would you care to look round the Houses of Parliament?
I’d love to. Thank you very much for the invitation.
Does it suit you? – Yes, it suits me perfectly.
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to St. Paul’s Cathedral?
Is it very far?
It’ll take about 15 minutes or so to get there at this time of the day.
What is this building famous for?
You’ re welcome.
No distance at all
It’s only a few minutes’ walk
Take the second on the left
Exercise. Complete the open dialogue.
- A. …, madam, is this the right way to Covent Garden?
B. Yes, it is.
A.…
B. …
2. A. Would you care to go for a walk?
B. …
3. A. Can I call on you at 6 o’clock? Does it suit you?
B. …
4. A. In summer I went to Great Britain.
B. …
5. A. Is it far from here?
B. …
VOCABULARY
Nouns and phrases with them
1. a great number of - много
2. access – доступ
3. aircraft design and construction – проектирование и строительство самолетов
4. ancient centre – древняя часть города
5. at the junction – в месте слияний
6. bugle – рожок
7. bunch of keys – связка ключей
8. burial place – место погребения
9. business center – деловая часть города
10. county - графство
11. crowning place – место коронации
12. double-decker – двухэтажный автобус
13. employee – рабочий, служащий
14. exception - исключение
15. extension – протяженность
16. guardhouse – караульное помещение
17. in commemoration of – в память о чем-либо
18. in keeping with tradition – согласно традиции
19. lantern - фонарь
20. maneuver – маневр
21. mansion – большой особняк
22. Metropolis – столица, Лондон
23. mileage – протяженность в милях
24. must (here- a must) - то, что необходимо увидеть
25. pageant – зрелище, шествие
26. pedestrian - пешеход
27. prison - тюрьма
28. public meeting – публичный митинг (собрание)
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29. residential area – жилые кварталы
30. retail shops – магазины, продающие в розницу
31. royal residence – королевская резиденция
32. rush hour – час пик
33. sentry – часовой, караул
34. sightseer – экскурсант, турист
35. squad – команда, группа, отряд
36. steady job – постоянная работа
37. thoroughfare – оживленная улица, транспортная магистраль
38. trust – трест, концерн
39. warder – часовой, сторож, привратник
Verbs
1. approach – подходить, приближаться
2. be situated – располагаться, находиться
3. boast – гордиться, хвастать
4. bury - хоронить
5. centre – концентрировать(ся), сосредоточивать(ся)
6. challenge – окликать, спрашивать пропуск, пароль
7. desert – бросать, оставлять, покидать
8. design - проектировать
9. drain – осушать (почву)
10. escort – сопровождать, эскортировать
11. face – быть обращенным к …
12. flourish – процветать, преуспевать
13. flow into - впадать
14. get accustomed – привыкнуть к чему-либо
15. grow out – возникнуть из чего-либо
16. guard – охранять, караулить, защищать
17. identify – опознавать
18. keep to the left – держаться левой стороны
19. lock up – запирать на замок
20. retain – сохранять
21. rival – соперничать, конкурировать
22. run into one another – сталкиваться друг с другом
23. serve as – служить для чего-либо (в качестве чего-либо)
24. steam toward – двигаться по направлению к…
25. surmount - увенчивать
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Adjectives
1. best stocked – наилучшим образом укомплектована (книгами)
2. flour-milling – мукомольный
3. formidable – значительный
4. incredible - невероятный
5. marshy – болотистый
6. second to none – непревзойденный
7. significant – знаменательный, важный
8. test (matches) – международные (соревнования)
9. unimpressive – невпечатляющий, невыразительный
10. urban - городской
Adverbs
virtually – фактически, в сущности
Proper Names
London [lžndən]
Great Britain [greit britən]
The Thames [temz]
The North Sea [n]:q]
The Tower [tauə]
London Bridge [brid¥]
St. Paul’s Cathedral [p]:lz]
Hyde Park [haid]
Speakers’ Corner [spi:kəz k]:nə]
Oxford Street []ksfəd]
The Houses of Parliament [pa:ləmənt]
Parliament Square [skwεə]
West End
East End
Westminster Abbey [æbi]
The Victoria Tower [vikt]:riə]
The Bloody Tower [blždi]
Queen Elizabeth [kwi:n ilizəbəθ]
Trafalgar Square [trəfælgə]
Lord Mayor [l]:d mεə]
Covent Garden [k]vənt ga:dn]
Bristol [bristl]
Devon [devn]
Cornwall [k]:nwəl]
Somerset [sžməsit]
The Avon [eivən]
Gascony [gæskəni]
Portugal [p]:tjugəl]
Birmingham [bə:miŋəm]
Edinburgh [ednbərə]
Cardiff [ka:dif]
PHONETIC EXERCISES
Exercise 1.Pronounce the words correctly. Pay attention to the way of pronunciation of the stressed vowels and consonants.
[ž] London, one, cultural, once, trust, underground, run, among, lovely, public, thoroughfare, bus, double, countryside, industrial, country, junction, such, construction, number
[ə:] commercial, world, serve, desert, church, work, urban, early, university
[a:] largest, guard, architect, parties, park, far, heart, art, example, market
[ei] major, later, ancient, renaissance, great, face, famous, paper-making, greatest, remained, place
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[iə] museum, theatre
[i:] feel, teaching, leave, Queen, speech, key, proceed, cathedral, equally, easily, scheme, free, team
[]:] taught, Lords, escort (v), warder, corner, quarter, more, restored, sport, course
[ou] spoken, opening, throne, approach, over, stroke, poet, motorway, road, postwar, local, most
[ai] surprise, find, time, sightseer, side, night, Whitehall, Prime, exciting, finest, library, private, provide
[aiə]variety
[eə] airport, square, Mayor, dairy, aircraft, area
[æ] traffic, abbey, lantern, Trafalgar, statue, narrow, pageant, access, massive, gallery, magnet, canal
[au] county, town, flour, founded, now
[i] business, buildings, inner, ring, facilities, indoor, municipal
Exercise 2.Pronounce the words paying attention to the way of pronunciation of consonants.
[∫] mansion, residential, shop, commercial, English, Englishmen, demonstration, permission, function, schedule, rush
[d¥] major, general, passenger, pageant, Ages, challenge, geographical
[k] monarch, clock, lock, commemoration, victory
LEXICAL EXERCISES
Exercise 1. Identify the part of speech in each column, translate into Russian.
traveller exception actually facing geographical
sightseer commemoration practically leading ceremonial
warder demonstration mainly touching cultural
stranger permission undoubtedly confusing unimpressive
Exercise 2.Translate into Russian, paying attention to the suffixes of the words
Industry – industrial, commerce – commercial, culture – cultural, design – to design – to be designed – designer, beauty – beautiful, resident – residential, to work – work – worker, architect – architecture – architectural, to travel – traveler, to build – to be built – builder, to enter – entry, luxury - luxurious
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Exercise 3.A) Make up the pairs of synonyms.
Old, to be concentrated, to go, metro, empty, cathedral, nice, constant
Steady, to travel, ancient, underground, to be centered, deserted, lovely, church
B) Make up the pairs of antonyms.
Left, famous, wealthy, various, residential area, narrow, slow, ancient
Unknown, modern, right, industrial area, poor, fast, wide, the same
Text 1
Exercise 1.Read and translate the text.
LONDON AND ITS PLACES OF INTEREST
London, the capital of Great Britain, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is a big port and a major industrial, commercial and cultural centre. London stands on the river Thames which flows into the North Sea. For centuries entry to London from the sea was guarded by the Tower fortress. The Tower was built 9 centuries ago. It once served as a royal residence and later as a prison. Now it is a museum. London grew out of the ancient centre known as the City. The City is London’s business centre. Banks, offices, and trusts are centred there. Employees and businessmen steam toward the City in the morning. They travel by motorbuses, on bicycles or by the underground. The road to the City runs across London Bridge. By 6 o’clock in the evening this part of the city is almost deserted. The streets in the City are narrow and the traffic is very slow. One of the most interesting monuments in the City is St. Paul’s Cathedral. It is the finest Renaissance church in Europe. All other English churches are mostly medieval Gothic. The Cathedral was designed by the great English architect Sir Christopher Wren after the Great Fire of 1666. It took him 35 years, and when he was an old man of 90, he was carried here once a year so that he could see his beautiful work. Inside there is a great number of monuments to generals and admirals. Admiral Nelson and Duke of Wellington are buried there among other great Englishmen.
The West End is the most pleasant residential area of London. There are lovely parks in the West End, among them one of the most popular is Hyde Park with its Speakers’ Corner where speakers from various political parties often hold public meetings. There are also luxurious mansions and elegant shops and restaurants as well as theatres, museums and hotels. Oxford street is one of the busiest thoroughfares in the West End.
While the West End is a residential district of the wealthy, the East End is the place where chiefly industrial and dock workers live there. In the East End there are no magnificent parks and mansions and far from all the men here have a steady job.
London is very different, it has many faces. There is a lot of traffic in the streets of London: endless lines of buses, motor cars and taxis. Most of London buses are the famous red double-deckers that have two decks for passengers. Bright-red, they look very nice in the grey streets of London. There are also green one-storeyed buses, they run from London to the countryside. In London as everywhere in Great Britain, the traffic keeps to the left.
Exercise 2.Give the Russian equivalents for the following.
One of the largest cities, which flows into the North Sea, London’s business centre, runs across London Bridge, one of the most interesting monuments, the great English architect, after the Great Fire of 1666, it took him 35 years, a great number of monuments, luxurious mansions, elegant shops and restaurants, one of the busiest thoroughfares, magnificent parks and mansions, famous red double-deckers, green one-storeyed buses, the traffic keeps to the left.
Exercise 3.Fill in the blanks with the suitable words given below.
1. London is a big … and the … of Great Britain.
2. London is situated on … which… into the North Sea.
3. The Tower fortress which was built nine centuries ago now serves as a … .
4. The City, the ancient centre of London, now is its … .
5. St. Paul’s Cathedral is one of the most interesting … in the City.
6. There are many monuments to … inside the Cathedral.
7. The West End is a residential district with lovely …., luxurious …, elegant …, theatres, museums and hotels.
8. Industrial and dock workers live in … .
The East End, the river Thames, generals and admirals, port, shops, capital, flows, business centre, museum, mansions, parks, monuments.
Exercise 4.Open the brackets, using the right Voice-Tense form of the verbs.
1. Long ago London from the sea (to guard) by the Tower fortress.
2. London (to develop) out of the ancient centre known as the City.
3. Employees and businessmen (to travel) to the City by motorbuses, on bicycles or by the underground.
4. St. Paul’s Cathedral (to design) by the great English architect Sir Christopher Wren.
5. Many famous people (to bury) inside the Cathedral.
6. There (to be) magnificent parks and luxurious mansions in the West End.
7. London (to be) famous for its red double-deckers with two decks for passengers.
Exercise 5.Answer the questions.
1. What is the capital of Great Britain?
2. What is its geographical situation?
3. Which is the oldest district of London? What can you say about its appearance?
4. Are there any contrasts in the appearance of the capital?
5. What kind of buses is London famous for?
Exercise 6.Develop the idea.
1. The City is London’s business centre.
2. The City is London’s ancient centre.
3. The West End is a residential district of the wealthy.
4. The East End is a residential district of the poor.
Text 2
Exercise 1.Read and translate the text.
VISIT TO LONDON
A visit to London is full of surprises. The moment your plane touches ground you feel that the English you had been teaching or had been taught is not the English that is generally spoken.
The traveler is in for another surprise as soon as he leaves the airport. Traffic keeps to the left, so the Muscovite always finds himself running in the wrong direction. It takes time to get accustomed to this change.
One of the ‘musts’ for the sightseer are the Houses of Parliament, facing the Thames, on one side, and Parliament Square and Westminster Abbey, on the other. The House of Commons sits to the side of the Clock Tower (Big Ben), the House of Lords – to the Victoria Tower side. Members of one House may not enter the other. The exception is the day of the State Opening of Parliament when the Queen makes the Throne Speech in the House of Lords.
A pageant retained from the Middle Ages is the Ceremony of the Keys or locking up of the Tower for the night. The Headwarder comes out with a bunch of keys and an old lantern, proceeds to the guardhouse and cries “Escort for the Keys!” A squad of four follows to escort the Queen’s keys. The Towers are locked one after the other. When the warder and the escort approach the Bloody Tower they are challenged by the sentry, who stamps with his heavy boots and shouts “Halt! Who comes there?” “The Keys,” answers the Headwarder. “Whose Keys?” demands the sentry. “Queen Elizabeth’s Keys.” “Advance, Queen Elizabeth’s Keys. All’s well.” Soon the ceremony is over and at the stroke of ten the bugle sounds the “Last Post”.
Westminster Abbey is the crowning and burial place of British monarchs. It has its world famed Poet’s Corner with memorials to Chaucer, Shakespeare, Milton, The Bronte sisters, Browning, Tennyson, Longfellow, Wordsworth, Burns, Dickens, Thackeray, Rudyard Kipling and other leading writers. Only a few however, are actually buried here.
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