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VOCABULARY

Forms of medication

1 А . Match the pictures with the forms of medicines. Сопоставьте фото с формами лекарственных средств.

1) ointment 2) suppository 3) tinctures 4) nasal spray 5) capsules

6) drops 7) injection 8) inhaler 9) tablets 10) lozenges

1 В . Complete the following instructions to a patient. Завершите примеры, используя вместо пропусков названия форм лекарств.

1. Glycerin ____________ are rectal laxatives for relieving mild to moderate constipation. 2. Herbal ___________ are a great way to preserve and concentrate the benefits of the herbs. 3. Apply antibiotic ____________ and cover with a bandage. 4. You should take 2 ______ 2 times daily with meals, drinking water. 5. About 40 percent of Americans have trouble swallowing pills or ________. 6. First, warm the medicine in your hands for a few minutes, then tilt your child’s head to one side and put ear _____ in the ear. 7. How do I choose the best place for an intramuscular _____________? 8. An___________ is a medical device used for delivering medication into the body via the lungs. 9. — Can you tell me how to take Strepsils? — Dissolve one ________ slowly in the mouth every 2 to 3 hours. 10. Blow your nose gently before using the ___________.

READING AND SPEAKING

Exchanging details about patient’s medication

2A. Match the halves of the sentences. Сопоставьте фрагменты предложений

1. What dosage does 2. What dosage should I 3. What medication is 4. How often does she 5. He needs to take two 6. Give Mrs Ruben 0.5 mil eye drop 7. He’s on two tablets three times a day

a) tablets twice a day. b) in each eye every four hours. c) with water at mealtimes. d) Mrs Brown need? e) Mr Fitzgerald on? f) need her medicine? g) give Mrs Richards?

2B. Choose 1 of 2 situations. Выберите одну из двух ситуаций (Некоторые из примеров в 2А могут быть образцом)

Situation 1	Situation 2
У вас первый рабочий день в отделении стационара. Задавая вопросы врачу/ коллеге-медсестре, уточните особенности приёма препаратов пациентами.	Новая медсестра заступает на смену. Анализируя информацию в схеме ниже, проинструктируйте её по поводу приёма препаратов пациентами.

Patient	Name of medication	Type of medication	Quantity	Route of administration	Frequency
1	Senokot	laxative	2 tablets	oral	nightly
2	Heparin	anticoagulant	1000 units per hour	IV (intravenous)	continuous
3	Benzyl Penicillin	antibiotic	600,000 units	IM (intramuscular)	every 6 hours
4	Pilocarpine	miotic ^{(=нормализующие внутриглазное давление)}	1 drop	ophthalmic	once a day

3А. Прочитайте приведённый ниже текст. Преобразуйте слова, напечатанные заглавными буквами в конце строк, добавляя приставки или суффиксы.

There are pills for everything. If you can't sleep you take a pill. If you're depressed or just __________________, you can also take a pill.	HAPPY
These days scientists are developing a new pill that you can use for improving your __________________.	FIT
It will have the same effect on people’s bodies as doing sports. The __________________ experiments on mice have given wonderful results.	SCIENCE
The animals got stronger and healthier without any exercise. However, some doctors think that such pills can be __________________ for health, especially in certain situations.	DANGER
The problem is that there will be people who may use the pill unwisely. For example, young girls who want to lose weight and get slim may take several pills at once. It will be very __________________ for their health.	HARM
That’s why our government should think a lot before making the __________________ that allows the medicine to be produced.	DECIDE

B . Заполните пропуски A - F частями предложений 1-7. Одна часть лишняя.

Drugs that changed the world

^1. People have swallowed elixirs, inhaled vapors, and applied ointments for a very long time. But only a small number of substances have seriously changed medicine. Seven of those drugs are listed here, along with some facts A)_____.

^2.The discovery of insulin was no doubt a major breakthrough in medicine. Before its discovery, diabetes sufferers often died at a young age. Many researchers had tried to isolate insulin from animal pancreas, but in 1921 Frederick G. Banting, a young Canadian surgeon, and John Macleod, Professor from the University of Toronto, B)_____. In January 1922, they successfully administered this hormone to Leonard Thomson, a young diabetic patient. Later that year the medical firm Eli Lilly started largescale production of the extract.

³Today aspirin is the most commonly used painkiller in the world C) _____ Felix Hoffmann in 1897. That research was encouraged by his rheumatic father whom the chemist tried to help. One day in 1897, the chemist mostly by chance mixed salicylic acid with acetic acid and created acetylsalicylic acid or aspirin. The clinical trials were successful and soon, the Bayer Company launched the production of aspirin. Nowadays it is used to treat heart attacks, strokes, colon cancer, and even dementia.

⁴The introduction of the tranquilizer chlorpromazine (also known as Thorazine) in the 1950s became very important in psychiatry and led to the “psychopharmacological revolution.” The development of the drug also became the base for the later generation of agents used in the treatment of anxiety and depression.

⁵ Nitrogen mustards were developed in the 1920s and ’30s as agents of chemical warfare. During World War II, it was discovered that people exposed to nitrogen mustard had significantly low white blood cell counts. This finding made researchers investigate whether mustard agents could be used to stop cancer cells from dividing.

⁶ In the 1940s, two prominent Yale pharmacologists, Alfred Gilman and Louis Goodman D)_____ in treating lymphoma. During their research they found that the patients’ tumour masses were significantly reduced for a few weeks after treatment. Although the patients had to return E)_____, this marked the beginning of the use of cytotoxic agents for the treatment of cancer.

⁷AZT, also called Zidovudine (ZVD) and Retrovir, was the first HIV/AIDS drug approved by the FDA on March 19, 1987. While not able F)_____, it was found to prolong the lives of AIDS patients. Owing to these drugs, the annual number of deaths from AIDS declined in the early 21st century.

⁸ The contraceptive pill is often described as one of the most significant medical advances of the 20th century. The pill is a combination of the hormones oestrogen and progestin that was developed in the US in the 1950s by the American biologist Dr Gregory Pincus. It was approved for release in 1960 and within two years it was used by 1,2 million American women.

⁹ In 1928 Scottish bacteriologist Alexander Fleming was in the process of sterilizing bacterial culture plates that had become contaminated with mold when he noticed clear zones circling mold colonies. The mold toxin responsible for killing the bacteria turned out to be penicillin, which Australian pathologist Howard Walter Florey and British biochemist Ernst Boris Chain successfully isolated and purified to produce the world’s most effective live-saving antibiotic.

1. that was invented by 2. to receive more chemotherapy 3. were the first to succeed in it 4. to cure the disease

5. examined their therapeutic effects 6. treating dangerous diseases 7. that may surprise you

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· answer the questions. Ответьте на вопросы :

1. Who was the main Felix Hoffman’s motivation to invent aspirin?

2. Why did the invention of Thorazine become a turning point in psychiatry?

3. What were nitrogen mustards initially developed for?

4. What are the main components of the contraceptive pill?

· find… найдите :

в абзаце ¹ – количественное числительное. Преобразуйте его в порядковое. Например: пять (сколько?)-пятый (какой по порядку?). ______

в абзаце ² - предложение «Later that year the medical firm Eli Lilly started largescale production of the extract» и преобразуйте в наст.время, то есть «Now the medical firm Eli Lilly…».

в абзаце ³ – притяжательное местоимение (наша, их и т.д., отвечает на вопрос чей?чьи?). От какого слова (личного местоимения) оно происходит? ____.

в абзаце ⁷^-часть предложения «…, the annual number of deaths from AIDS declined in the early 21st century» и передайте глагол в отриц.форме, то есть «ежегодное кол-во смертей от СПИДа не сократилось…».

в абзаце ⁸– любой из 4-х примеров страдательного залога глагола и восстановите его инфинитив. То есть, например: назначается/был назначен- НАЗНАЧАТЬ

в абзаце ⁹ – превосходную степень прилагательного (напр. наивысочайший, самый яркий и пр.). Преобразуйте этот пример в сравнительную степень (то есть, выше, ярче). ______________________

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