The underlined, jumbled words are from the text. Spell them correctly.
Тема урока
« Выдающиеся деятели науки Великобритании и США»
Прочитайте и переведите тексты:
Alexander Fleming
Alexander Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, was born in Scotland in 1881 at a farm. He began to go to school when he was five. In 1895 he went to London and decided to dedicate his life to medicine. At first Fleming wanted to become a surgeon but soon he got interested in bacteriology and decided that he was to find his future in research. Sir Alexander Fleming did not have such life which was outwardly very exciting. He spent his working hours in hospitals and laboratories. He went from his home to his laboratory every morning and went from his laboratory to his home every night. He sat in front of his fire and talked to his wife. He taught his son to swim and to fish. It was life that seemed not to differ from the life of the bank manager or the office worker. But it was not so. The great work that he did was done for the benefit of sick men and women. His discovery of penicillin did more to help suffering mankind than anything else for centuries. When he died in 1955 his old friend said: «. . . by his work he relieved more suffering than any other living man».
Charles Darwin
Darwin had not planned to be a scientist. He wanted to become a doctor. But he was interested in plants and animals.
A friend who knew about Darwin's interest in nature invited him to take the trip. Charles was 22 when he left England for a five-year trip around the world.
This trip is a very important one in the history of science, for it led Darwin to write one of the worlds most famous books. The book is "The Origin of Species".
It gives Darwin's ideas of how all the plants and animals of today have come from the very simple plants and animals that first lived on the Earth. Darwin was seasick for much of the voyage, but he came back with the notes for his great book.
He visited the Galapagos Islands, Australia, New Zealand. There he saw many strange plants and animals.
These were Darwin's chief ideas: many more plants and animals are produced than can possibly live. There is no two plants and animals, even of the same kind, which would be exactly alike.
The idea that all the plants and animals of today came from the simple plants and animals of long ago is called "The theory of evolution"
Ernest Rutherford
Ernest Rutherford is called the Newton of atomic physics. He was recognized by his fellow scientists as a man of colossal energy and tireless enthusiasm. As he himself remarked he lived in the «heroic age of physics». Ernest Rutherford was born in New Zealand. He graduated from New Zealand University and entered Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1919 he was appointed Professor of experimental physics in the University of Cambridge. E. Rutherford’s early researches concerned electromagnetic waves. His experiments led him to develop a magnetic detector, which at that time was the best detector of electromagnetic waves. His detector was later used by Marconi, one of the inventors of the radio in his well-known investigations. E. Rutherford’s big triumph began when he turned his attention to radioactivity. His brilliant researches established the existence and nature of radioactive transformations. He also investigated the electrical structure of matter and the nuclear nature of atom. He was one of the founders of the atomic theory of physics and creators of the first atomic model. He stated that the atom consisted of a nucleus around which electrons revolved in orbits. His works didn’t lose their importance till nowadays.
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Bill Gates
Pre-reading task:
Chairman - председатель
To employ - трудоустраивать
Attorney - адвокат
Late mother - покойная мать
To devote one’s energies to smth - посвятить все свои силы
Valuable tool - незаменимая вещь
To receive wide critical acclaim - получить положительные отзывы
To donate - пожертвовать
Proceed - доходы
Non-profit organizations - неприбыльные общественные организации
Bill Gates
Reading task:
William (Bill) H. Gates is chairman and chief software architect of Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft employs more than 39,000 people in 60 countries.
Born on October 28, 1955, Gates and his two sisters grew up in Seattle. Their father, William H. Gates II, is a Seattle attorney. Their late mother, Mary Gates, was a schoolteacher, University of Washington regent and chairwoman of United Way International.
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At school Gates discovered his interest in software and began programming computers at age 13.
In 1973, Gates entered Harvard University. While at Harvard, Gates developed a version of the programming language BASIC for the first microcomputer.
In his junior year, Gates left Harvard to devote his energies to Microsoft, a company he had begun in 1975 with his childhood friend Paul Allen.
Guided by a belief that the computer would be a valuable tool on every office desktop and in every home, they began developing software for personal computers. Gates' foresight and his vision for personal computing have been central to the success of Microsoft and the software industry.
In 1999, Gates wrote "Business @ the Speed of Thought" a book that shows how computer technology can solve business problems in fundamentally new ways.
The book was published in 25 languages and is available in more than 60 countries. "Business @ the Speed of Thought" has received wide critical acclaim, and was listed on the best-seller lists of the "New York Times" "USA Today" the "Wall Street Journal and Amazon.com"
Gates has donated the proceeds of his book to non-profit organizations that support the use of technology in education and skills development.
In addition to his love of computers and software, Gates is interested in biotechnology. He is an investor in a number of biotechnology companies. Gates is an avid reader, and enjoys playing golf.
Post-reading task:
Answer the questions:
1. What have you known from the text?
2. What can you say about Bill’s childhood and parents?
3. What kind of book did he published?
4. What is he interested in?
While-listening task:
b) To listen to the text;
William Henry Gates III was born on October 28, 1955. He is one of the world's richest people and perhaps the most successful businessman ever. He co-founded the software giant Microsoft and turned it into the world’s largest software company. He is the best-known entrepreneur of the PC revolution. He has also written two best-selling books and started his own charity with his wife.
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Gates was fascinated with electronics from a young age. In 1975 he read about a small technology company. He contacted them to see if they were interested in a computer programme he had written. This led to the creation of Microsoft. Gates later struck a deal with IBM that put Microsoft's Windows on IBM computers. This deal made Microsoft a major player in the IT industry.
Gates was in charge at Microsoft from 1975 until 2006. He was an active software developer at the beginning. He had a vision that computers could change everyone’s life. He helped make this vision come true and developed many products that are now part of modern life. His management style has been studied and copied around the world.
Gates stepped down as Microsoft CEO in June 2008. He now spends his time with his wife, Melinda, focusing on their charitable foundation. They provide funds for global problems that are ignored by governments and other organizations. ‘Time’ magazine voted Gates as one of the biggest influences of the 20th Century. Scientists named the Bill Gates flower fly after him.
c) To listen to the text once more and to fill in the gaps;
Task II: LISTENING GAP FILL
William Henry Gates III was born on ____________, 1955. He is one of the world's richest people and perhaps ____________ ever. He _________ the software giant Microsoft and turned it into the ___________________. He is the best-known entrepreneur of the PC revolution. He has also written two best-selling books and started his _________ with his wife.
Gates was fascinated with electronics from a young age. In 1975 he read about a small ________________. He contacted them to see if they were interested in a computer programme he had written. This led to the __________ of Microsoft. Gates later struck a deal with IBM that put Microsoft's Windows on IBM computers. This deal made Microsoft a major player in the _________.
Gates was in charge at Microsoft from 1975 until 2006. He was an active software _______ at the beginning. He had a vision that ________ could change everyone’s life. He helped make this vision come true and developed many products that are now part of modern life. His ________________ has been studied and copied around the world.
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Gates stepped down as Microsoft CEO in June 2008. He now spends his time with his wife, Melinda, focusing on their ________________. They provide funds for global problems that are ignored by ______________ and other organizations. ‘Time’ magazine voted Gates as one of the biggest influences of the 20th Century. ___________ named the Bill Gates flower fly after him.
Post-listening task:
Task III: PHRASE MATCH
Match the following phrases from the article:
Task IV: SPELLING
The underlined, jumbled words are from the text. Spell them correctly.
Task V:
SCRAMBLED SENTENCES
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