Bayonet Disarming Training, World War II
One of the claims of Judo was that an unarmed practitioner could defeat an armed attacker. Defenses against weapons were part of the old Jujitsu. They were taught in case a soldier lost his weapon on the battlefield. Back then, nobody expected the unarmed soldier to have an advantage over an armed enemy. All they wanted to do was give him something that might work, even if his chances were slim. The unarmed defenses shown in European fechtbuchs served the same purpose. Everyone knew it was better to be armed than unarmed. Otherwise, everybody would have abandoned weapons long ago. Judo inherited Jujitsu's unarmed defenses, and they did work against untrained adversaries. Things would be very different against at trained combatant.
The unarmed defenses of military close combat were there to give soldiers a fighting chance. Some of the techniques are overly optimistic. They are a unique part of military hand-to-hand combat which persist to this day..
Defenses Against the Knife
These defenses are well-known Judo and Jujitsu techniques. They can be found in military close combat manuals. They are often copied in many civilian self-defense books. From a World War II U.S.Army manual
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Defenses Against the Bayonet
These unarmed defenses against the bayonet are not as simple as they look. Nonetheless, they are often copied in newer military manuals.
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These techniques came from a 1942 Soviet manual written for partisans. The "enemy" is actually wearing a British type helmet.
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Defense Against Knife
This is a common knife defense. The defender crosses his arms to block a strong upward thrust.
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The techniques depicted here are dangerous. Their practice can result in serious bodily harm. They are displayed here strictly for discussion of military history. They are not here for the instruction of close combat. Anyone who uses them does so at their own risk. We take no responsibility for any harm that may result from showing these methods.
If you wish to learn unarmed combat, seek a qualified instructor. Do not attempt to learn on your own.
Military Unarmed Combat Defenses
1930 - 1975
There are a host of hand-to-hand combat techniques which are staples of the genre. They appear in scores of self-defense manuals spanning decades. Here is a small sampling of classic techniques which typify Military Combatives. Most are defenses against specific attacks.
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Defense Against Choke
The attacker uses a two-hand choke.
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Defender clasps hands and raises them between attacker's arms, breaking choke. This is a common Jujitsu technique
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Defense Against Headlock
Attacker applies headlock
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Defender puts right hand behind attacker's knee and left hand pushes his face. this forces attacker's head back.
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Defender stands straight, lifting with his right hand while pushing with his left. This lifts attacker off the ground.
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Defender drops attacker forcefully, following with a counterattack. This is based on a trick by Fairbairn and appears in some newer manuals.
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Takedown from Rear
The soldier grabs enemy shoulder with right while clasping his throat with the left. Simultaneously, he kicks the back of the knee to topple the opponent. From a World War II Canadian manual. Note the World War I uniforms!
| Defense Against Bearhug
Breaking a bear hug. The defender first uses a rear head butt to loosen his attacker's grip. He follows by lifting his enemy's leg forcefully, making him fall backward. The leg lift is an old Jujitsu trick. From a Canadian manual
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Choke Hold with Stick
This is an old technique for restraining an adversary.
| Capture with Stick
The soldier uses the enemy's arm as a fulcrum, levering the stick against the back of his neck. It is similar to a Jujitsu technique, except that it uses a stick instead of an arm to apply pressure.
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Foot Throw
This trick is common in Judo and Jujitsu. The defender turns a stomch kick into a "sacrifice" throw. He falls, and rolls back on top of the opponent.
| Arm Bar defense
The arm bar is used in many manuals because of its simplicity. Here it is used as a follow-up to a defense against a hand strike.
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The techniques depicted here are dangerous. Their practice can result in serious bodily harm. They are displayed here strictly for discussion of military history. They are not here for the instruction of close combat. Anyone who uses them does so at their own risk. We take no responsibility for any harm that may result from showing these methods.
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If you wish to learn unarmed combat, seek a qualified instructor. Do not attempt to learn on your own.
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