III. Vocabulary. Put the words in brackets in the correct form.
Variant II
I. Reading. Match texts A–G with the titles 1–8. Every title could be used only once. One title is extra .
| 1. Unhealthy eating habits | 5. Simple lifestyles |
| 2. Correcting mother nature | 6. Summer all year round |
| 3. The turning point | 7. Unnatural lasts longer |
| 4. The solution | 8. A tricky question |
A. Have you ever wondered where our food comes from? The obvious answer is that it comes from the supermarket. However, that still doesn't answer the question because nowadays, it can come from anywhere on the planet. In addition, we have no idea how some of the food products we buy, such as hot dogs or cookies, are made. For us, food is sometimes a mystery.
B. Long ago, things were not so mysterious. Our ancestors would have known exactly where their food had come from. When we were hunters and gatherers, we ate what we killed or gathered with our own hands. Later as farmers, we grew or raised the food that we ate. If we didn't grow it ourselves, it would have come from a nearby farm or at the furthest, a neighboring village.
C. Beginning in the late 15th century, during the development of trade with India and America everything changed. Explorers discovered exotic kinds of food such as potatoes, tomatoes, pumpkins and chocolate, and introduced them to Europe. Although they are common now, people back then were suspicious and even thought they might be poisonous. All of a sudden, what you were eating was not so obvious.
D. In recent times, technology and modern forms of transportation have changed things even more. Food can be shipped from one side of the planet to the other, and refrigeration means that we don't have to worry about things spoiling. As a result, the whole idea of seasonal fruits and vegetables has lost its meaning and it no longer seems strange to eat strawberries in winter. Exotic fruits have become common, and many people have no idea where they come from.
E. Advances in food science and chemistry have changed food even more. Processed foods such as cookies, cereal, spaghetti sauces and soft drinks are made in factories with chemicals. The reason this is done is to save money since natural ingredients cost much more than artificial ones. It's also done to increase the shelf life, meaning the time that the products can remain on the shelves of the supermarket without going bad.
F. Even if you avoid eating processed foods, you still can't be sure what you are eating. Farming practices have changed beyond recognition and farms are often run like a factory. Animals are injected with hormones to make them fat and fruits and vegetables are genetically modified to produce 'improved' versions. In addition, chemical fertilizers and pesticides are regularly sprayed on plants. The health effects of this are not yet known and have yet to be seen.
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G. So what can you do? The main thing you can do is educate yourself so that you know exactly what you are eating. Read the labels carefully and know what chemical ingredients are harmful. Try to buy organic fruits and vegetables that are grown naturally or buy them from local farmers' markets. By being aware and selective of the food that we buy, we can be more certain of what we are eating, enjoy more delicious food, as well as make sure we are eating healthily.
| Text | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
| Title |
II. Grammar. Put the words in brackets in the correct form.
1) Official figures show that more and more young people (1 – reject) early marriage now, e.g. the number of women (2 – marry) under the age 25 (3 – fall) by half during last decade.
2) It seems we (4 – come) a long way since the fifties, when women (5 – be) less concerned with their education and career and when (6 – get) married seemed (7 – be) the woman’s main ambition.
3) Many girls (8 – start) families because they (9 – teach) that (10 – be) a wife and mother was a woman’s most logical choice, at least after she (11 – complete) her basic education.
4) Most young women of that time must (12 – be) convinced that marriage (13 – be) their destiny.
5) This concept of marriage seems (14 – disappear) for good.
6) Nowadays, the average age for a woman (15 – marry) for the first time is 28 and for a man, over 30.
7) A first-time bride is now likely (16 – be) in her late twenties with a career, or a woman who (17 – have) children while (18 – live) with her boyfriend.
8) Bridegrooms (19 – get) older too: only one in six being under 25 now, compared with four in ten in 1989.
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9) Marriage (20 – hit) its peak in 1972 as babies born during the post-war boom went to the altar.
| 1 - | 6 - | 11 - | 16 - |
| 2 - | 7 - | 12 - | 17 - |
| 3 - | 8 - | 13 - | 18 - |
| 4 - | 9 - | 14 - | 19 - |
| 5 - | 10 - | 15 - | 20 - |
III. Vocabulary. Put the words in brackets in the correct form.
The Silver Lake Hotel is situated in the most (1 – picture) landscape you can imagine. Most rooms overlook the Silver Lake, whose (2 – deep) is estimated to be more than 10 km. The lake, always (3 – mystery) misty in the morning, is surrounded by granite peaks which look so (4 – approach) that you can hardly believe there is a path to the top of each. The place is completely (5 – touch) by the tourist industry so you can (6 – occasion) see an eagle hovering above the lake or a wild goat looking for a grass between the rocks. The hotel’s unusual (7 – attract) is doubled by the fact that you can only reach it on foot. The walk up from the bottom of the valley requires some (8 – fit) but we can guarantee that the view from the hotel’s terrace will leave you (9 – speech). (10 – Understand), the place is meant to offer accommodation to climbers and backpackers, rather than motorists and (11 – experience) hikers. The hotel offers comfortable, spacious bedrooms and delicious (12 – special) of the local cuisines.
| 1 - | 4 - | 7 - | 10 - |
| 2 - | 5 - | 8 - | 11 - |
| 3 - | 6 - | 9 - | 12 - |
IV. Writing. Bellow is an extract from a letter you have received from a friend in Britain. Write a reply, telling your friend about your plans for his visit. Write about 150 words.
Summer is coming and I want to look my best: healthy, energetic and physically fit. So I'm trying to eat plain, simply cooked natural food, have enough sleep at night and I have recently joined our local fitness club. Do you do anything special to stay healthy? What makes people healthy and strong? What do you think about a healthy lifestyle?
By the way, I'm going to spend a month at the seaside this summer...
See you soon,
Tony
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