Exercise 2. Choose the titles from the given below (1–8). Two titles are odd.
1. Looking for High-quality Research Assistance
2. Think Positive and Be Motivated
3. Getting to the Project
4. The Daily Grind
5. Writing a Project Proposal
6. There is Always Place for Improvement
7. Stay Open: Present and Discuss your Ideas
8. Make the Right Decision
Exercise 3. Answer the questions to the text.
1. What does it mean to be a good researcher?
2. What do most researchers spend the majority of their time?
3. What can be very useful for researcher?
4. What do many students suffer from?
5. What concrete steps can they take to improve the situation?
6. What can help you immeasurably in successfully completing a project?
7. Should you be interested in the theme of research? Why?
8. What two distinct phases does the project consist of?
9. What is important to be successful at research?
10. Do you take an active part in seminars, conferences, etc.?
PART 3. PRACTICE YOUR VOCABULARY
AND USE OF LANGUAGE SKILLS
Exercise 1. Read the text below and decide which answer (а, в, с or d) best fits each gap.
Modern science
It seems entirely …1… to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and other institutions around the world, attempting to …2… the way the world works. However, it hasn't always been that …3… . Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years old, the ancient Greeks, for example believed that they could work out the …4… of natural events just by the power of thought.
During the 17th century, more and more people began to realise that they could …5… their scientific ideas by designing a relevant …6… and seeing what happened. A lot of …7… was made in this way by individual scientists. These men and women often worked alone, carrying out …8… into many different areas of science, and they often received very little …9… for their hard work. At the start of the 20th century, though, it became …10… that science was becoming more complicated and more expensive. The individual scientist disappeared, to be replaced by highly qualified teams of experts. Modern science was born.
| a) | b) | c) | d) |
| 1. physical | natural | abnormal | illegal |
| 2. create | invent | construct | discover |
| 3. route | method | way | technique |
| 4. aims | reasons | causes | impulses |
| 5. calculate | estimate | measure | test |
| 6. experiment | research | attempt | analysis |
| 7. development | movement | progress | evolution |
| 8. research | invention | discovery | education |
| 9. award | prize | gift | reward |
| 10. clear | true | accurate | actual |
Exercise 2. Study the text and choose the correct variant.
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Information science
Information Science is an interdisciplinary academic field that deals …1… the generation, collection, organization, storage, retrieval, and dissemination of recorded knowledge. Although it is related …2… library science, information science is a separate discipline.
Library science is …3… professional area of study designed to prepare individuals …4… careers as librarians. …5… librarians are primarily concerned with such tasks as evaluating, processing, storing, and retrieving information.
Information science combines elements of librarianship …6… ideas and technologies from many other fields, including social sciences, computer science, mathematics, electrical engineering, linguistics, management, neuroscience, and information systems theory. Within the field of information science, information may be defined as the knowledge contained …7… the human brain and in all electronic and written records. Information science is the scientific study of that information: how it is created, transmitted, encoded, transformed, retrieved, measured, used, and valued.
Information scientists are interested …8… studying such questions as the following: What is the effect of information …9… individuals and groups when it is presented in various formats? How do humans and computers interact? What is the reliability of retrieving information …10… online databases and the Internet?
| a) | b) | c) | d) |
| 1. on | with | in | at |
| 2. at | with | from | to |
| 3. a | an | the | – |
| 4. at | onto | for | out |
| 5. a | an | the | – |
| 6. within | from | of | with |
| 7. in | on | off | into |
| 8. with | in | at | from |
| 9. onto | into | on | at |
| 10. off | at | with | from |
Exercise 3. Read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of each line to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning.
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