II. Listen to the girl speaking about her eating habits and answer the questions below.
1. What problem does the girl have?
2. What makes the girl think that her habit is harmful?
3. Why can’t she stop eating chocolate?
Script:
I know that I have a big problem. I can't stop eating chocolate! I started eating chocolate as a child. My sisters and I all ate a lot of different kinds of chocolate. However, my sisters and I are adults now and I'm the only one who still eats it a lot. So, how much do I eat? Well, I have about 10 bars of chocolate a day. At Christmas we got a giant family-sized bag of chocolate sweets, I ate the whole bag on my own in two days!
I know eating a lot of chocolate is bad for my health. There's a lot of sugar in all types of chocolate. There's also a lot of fat. I think that's why I have many spots on my face, and I'm a little overweight too. I know that it's also very bad to take and eat chocolate that's not mine but I can't stop myself.
What can I do? At the supermarket there's always chocolate for sale while I wait to pay for my shopping. At the station – bus, train, underground – there's always chocolate for sale in machines. Sometimes I try to stop but if I don't have any, I get very bad headaches. However, as soon as I have some chocolate I feel better and happier too. I try to speak to my family but nobody understands. They all like chocolate but nobody wants to eat 10 bars a day, and nobody understands why I do.
I need help! Please tell me what I can do to stop eating chocolate!
III. Let’s talk about youth and society.
№ 11
I. 1. Read the article and say in 2-3 sentences what it is about.
Pythagoras*
Pythagoras1 is often described as a very important mathematician, yet we know little about his achievements. What we do know is that he was the leader of a society which was half scientific and half religious. It was a secret society and today Pythagoras is still a mysterious figure.
It is believed that Pythagoras was born on the Greek island of Samos. His father was a merchant, and as a child, Pythagoras travelled with him selling their goods. Pythagoras was well educated. He learned music and poetry and had three philosophers to teach him who introduced Pythagoras to mathematics and advised him to travel to Egypt to learn more about mathematics and astronomy. So in 535 BC, Pythagoras travelled to Egypt where he visited many temples and took part in discussions with priests. Many of the customs he learnt in Egypt he came to adopt. For example, the Egyptian priests refused to eat beans and wear animal skins, as did Pythagoras later in his life.
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In 525 BC the King of Persia invaded Egypt. Pythagoras was taken prisoner and was transported to Babylon. It was here, taught by the Babylonians, that he reached perfection in arithmetic and music. When Pythagoras returned to Samos he founded there a school which was called ‘The Semicircle’. It seems that the people of Samos did not appreciate the teaching methods of Pythagoras and they treated him rudely and improperly. Furthermore, they wanted to involve Pythagoras in local politics against his will. For these reasons, he went to Italy.
Pythagoras believed that numbers rule the universe and that numbers are present in all things. He also connected mathematics to music and recognized the healing power of music. He used it as a kind of therapy to help those who were ill. Another of his beliefs was that there are three types of men: those who love wisdom, those who love honour and those who love wealth.
Pythagoras was a mathematician, an astronomer, and a philosopher. Today we remember him best for his famous geometry theorem, known as Pythagoras’ theorem.2
1Pythagoras [paɪˈθæɡərəs] Пифагор
2Pythagoras’ theorem [paɪˈθæɡərəsɪz ˈθɪərəm] теорема Пифагора
2. Where did Pythagoras go to learn mathematics and astronomy? Read aloud the extract which says about it.
3. Why did Pythagoras go to Italy?
4. What are the three types of men according to Pythagoras?
II. Listen to the interview taken by the “Youth Magazine” with Mr Ron Cansler and answer the questions below.
1. How old is Mr Cansler?
2. What kind of life did he have when he was young?
3. What does he recommend listeners to do?
Script:
Journalist: Mr Cansler, how does it feel to be one hundred?
Mr Cansler: Well, actually, I'm not one hundred yet. My birthday's in two
weeks' time.
Journalist: You're in perfect shape, what do you do to keep fit?
Mr Cansler: Nowadays, people seem to be crazy about having a healthy lifestyle. When I was young, nobody thought about such things. I was one of ten children in my family. We had no idea what a healthy diet was. We were happy if we had enough to eat. There was no need to take any exercise, the work on the farm was hard, and we spent all days outdoors. You had to be strong; I lost one brother and one sister quite early, but those that survived lived into an old age. We all probably took after my father, who died at the age of ninety-four.
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Journalist: Have you ever smoked?
Mr Cansler: Well, I haven't tried cigarettes, no. But once I thought I'd look interesting with a pipe* so I tried that. But my wife couldn't stand it, so after a week or so I threw the pipe away.
Journalist: What can you advise our listeners?
Mr Cansler: I don't think you can do anything to guarantee a long life. You can't avoid hardships, even tragedies. What you can do is be as active as possible and have a positive attitude.
Journalist: Thank you, Mr Cansler.
* a pipe [paip] трубка
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