Speak about advantages and disadvantages of living in modern flat and in the country house.
Nowadays a lot of people live in big cities because it is very comfortable, as you can find everything you need in everyday life very quickly. But too many people cannot live there because there isn’t enough place for everybody. People have to live in high buildings in modern flats. In Moscow we can see 12-17 storied buildings with one, two and tree- room flats. There are modern facilities such as telephone, central heating, running water, electricity and gas. You can use such electricity devices as : TV sets, hi-fi systems, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, microwave ovens, electric irons and many others. They help in our daily life .There are people who don’t like to live in cities they prefer to be alone in a small country house near a river or a lake . They like to walk in the morning in the forest and breath fresh air, and enjoy silence. Many people will gladly spend a few days in the country but despite of it we have got used to achievements of civilization that when we find out ourselves appear fare from them we do not know what to do and feel lonely . Besides in Russian villages there aren’t any conveniences at all. Certainly there is electricity but usually it is not on . Also there isn’t central heating and in winters people have to burn oven as in the last century. In the day time you can walk in the garden , but in the evening everything you can do is to read a books by a candle. To living in such conditions is very hard for a city dweller. Nowadays a lot of people try to build big houses near cities and spend their week-ends there. Because besides all facilities there are some inconveniences. The main reason why people leave cities are bad ecological conditions. Noise, polluted air and water makes health of the man weak. After hard working day people come home and want to rest but nose from heavy traffic in streets will not allow to do that. As for me I prefer to live in the city, because I feel uncomfortably. When I’m fare from telephone, electricity and other facilities. People invented one more way to communicate with other people it is internet. Without the telephone and electricity I cannot use it . I like city but some times it is pleasant to stay in the country for a while.
11.Speak about environment problems and protection. What should be done?
The poisoning of the world's land, air, and water is the fastest-spreading disease of civilisation. It probably produces fewer headlines than wars, earthquakes and floods, but it is potentially one of history's greatest dangers to human life on earth. If present trends continue for the next several decades, our planet will become uninhabitable. Overpopulation, pollution and energy consumption have created such planet-wide problems as massive deforestation, ozone depletion, acid rains and the global warming that is believed to be caused by the greenhouse effect. The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear waste, chemical fertilisers and pesticides. The Mediterranean is already nearly dead; the North Sea is following. The Aral Sea is on the brink of extinction. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in the seas. Every ten minutes one kind of animal, plant or insect dies out for ever. If nothing is done about it, one million species that are alive today will have become extinct twenty years from now. Air population is a very serious problem. In Cairo just breathing the air is life threatening- equivalent to smoking two packs of cigarettes a day. The same holds true for Mexico City and 600 cities of the former Soviet Union. Industrial enterprises emit tons of harmful substances. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains. An even greater environmental threat are nuclear power stations. We all know how tragic the consequences of the Chernobyl disaster are. People are beginning to realise that environmental problems are not somebody else's. They join and support various international organisation and green parties. In my district the ecology conditions in our district are bad as the winds from the North bring polluted air, also in our district there are a lot of industrial projects. For example near my house the Tobacco fabric “Ducat” are situated.. Human life is the most important and Polluted air, poising water , wastelands, noise, smoke, gas, exhaust and lead in leaves all influence on your half makes it weak. To improve ecological conditions it is necessary to put abstersive equipment on factories both to land more f trees and to put hums to blocking boards near to motorways.
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12. Imagine you are going on a trip around the world. Make a route for your trip showing where you’ll visit
Last year I made a round-the-world voyage and I visited many English speaking countries such as GB, Canada, USA and Australia . I was in the USA in Washington, D.C. it is the capital of the Untied States. I saw some historical monuments and places. The Capitol, The White House, Museums and Galleries Monuments and Memorials. Also I visited an Australia it is situated in the south-west of the Pacific Ocean, occupies the continent of Australia and a great number of islands near it. Australia is a continent-island washed by the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The capital is Canberra. But the oldest city is Sidney , it was founded in 1788. GB is situated on the British Isles and it has a very good geographical position as it lies on the crossways of the sea routs from Europe to other parts of the world. The capital of GB is London. It is the world’s most enjoyable cities. There are a lot of interesting historical monuments in it such as :Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, St. Paul’s Cathedral, Trafalgar Square and The Tower of London. Westminster Abbey is a national shrine where the kings and queens are crowned and famous people are buried. Founded by Edward the Confessor in 1050, the abbey was a monastery for a long time. The present building dates largely from the time of henry III who began to rebuild the church , a task which lasted nearly 300 years. Since William I almost every English monarch has been crowned in this great church, which contains the tombs and memorials of many of Britain’s most eminent citizens. The capital of Canada is Ottawa. It is rather a small, quiet city. Here there are no large industrial factories, but there are a lot of ministries, embassies of foreign states, private residences of officials and diplomats. In the centre of Ottawa the parliament of Canada is a little bit diminished replica of a the parliamentary buildings in London . In the city there are two universities, English and French, large libraries, the National gallery, the National museum, the research and development centre.
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.13. Speak about the state of medical servers in Russia. How do you imagine the medical care of the future?
In our country medical service is provided free of charge. There is a wide network of local out- patient clinics. If a person falls ill he calls a local physician. The doctor visits his patient. And examines him. He usually sounds the patient’s chest, listens to his heart, fells his pulse and sometimes sahes , his blood pressure. He also examines his throat and tonque . After the physician has diagnose the case the prescribes medicine for the descase. Then he writes out a search leave and gives advice If the patient follows the doctor’s instructions , it doesn’t take him long to recover. As soon as he feels better , he comes to the local out-patient clinic for final examination. If the case in complicated and the patient needs shecial treatment he is taken to the hospital.The situation in medical service has changed as compared to the previory years. Medicine has become very expensive. Treatment and special tests or surgery cost a lot of money. Mist people cannot afford being operated. Nowadays we cannot say that medical service is must be given by the government to run medical service properly. Hospitals and clinics should be better equipped. Many of them are old-fashioned and need repairing. Doctors and nurses are overworked and underpaid. One of the positive features, which still exists in Russia, medical service in regular medical check-up of school children. It is very important to prevent illness. They are vaccinated and examined by specialists. I think that medical service should be free of charge for all people.
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