Speak about military education in the USA or the UK.
15. Расскажите об особенностях военной подготовки за рубежом.
Speak about the system of military training abroad.
The United States Military Academy at West Point is the most well-known military education establishment in the USA. It is a four-year coeducational federal service academy. It was established in 1802. The academy’s aim is to develop cadets’ leadership in three areas – academics, physical, and military. Upon graduation, cadets are commissioned as second lieutenants in the U.S. Army. They serve on active duty for a minimum of five years. In the 20th century, West point graduates became America’s most famous generals. They are Douglas MacArthur, George S. Patton, and Dwight D. Eisenhower. The academic program consists of 31 courses. This core course includes mathematics, information technology, chemistry, physics, engineering, history, philosophy, leadership and general psychology, foreign language, political science, international relations, economics, and constitutional law. The military program begins on the first day. Physical education is of great importance at West Point.
SANDHURST. The idea to establish a military school in Britain came in 1802. The aim was to train “Gentleman Cadets” for the infantry, cavalry and Indian Army. The present Royal Military Academy Sandhurst is located 55 kilometers southwest of London. Today, nearly 10 percent of British cadets are female and nearly 10 percent of all cadets come from overseas. It’s important to remember that Sandhurst is not a university. Graduates do not get any academic degree. It happens because more than eighty percent of cadets are university graduates. The standard Commissioning Course lasts 44 weeks. The commissioning course is divided into three terms. Each term lasts fourteen weeks. Basic army training is covered in the first five weeks. This period is the most difficult.
16. Расскажите о главных видах Вооруженных Сил Республики Беларусь.
Speak about the main armed services of the Armed Forces of the RB.
17. Опишите структуру Вооружённых Сил Республики Беларусь.
Describe the structure of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus.
18. Расскажите о вооруженных силах стран изучаемого языка.
Speak about the Armed Forces of the USA (the UK).
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19. Опишите виды Вооружённых Сил\ рода войск в нашей армии.
Speak about the armed services\combat arms and branches in our army.
(17) The Armed Forces of the Republic of Belarus were formed in 1992. The main mission of the Armed forces of the Republic of Belarus is to protect freedom and independence of the country. The President of the Republic of Belarus is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The Security Council determines main directions of the military policy, the principles of military establishment and development of the Armed Forces. General guidance of the Armed Forces is exercised by the Ministry of Defense. The General Staff is the central body of military control. It performs operational command of the Armed Forces. The Armed Forces consist of two armed services: the Army, the Air and Air Defense Forces. They also include Special Operations Forces, the Armed Forces Logistical Support, direct reporting military educational establishments, organizations and the Transportation Corps. There are also direct reporting units and organizations of support, service and guard.
(16, 19)The Army is the largest and multifunctional armed service. The Army’s main task is to repel an attack of enemy land forces. Army troops are subdivided into branches according to their responsibilities. The Army is equipped with all kinds of military equipment, weapons, and it comprises the arms: Mechanized Forces, Missile and Artillery Force, Air Defense Force, Mobile Forces. The special units are military intelligence corps, engineers, chemical corps, radio electronic warfare corps, logistical corps and others.
The Air and Air Defense Force’s mission is to control air space, to protect the state and its citizens, civililian and military installations and to provide fire and combat support of the Army. The Air Force and Air Defense consist of Air Forces and Air Defense Forces Command, operational-tactical units, aviation brigades, regiments, and separate helicopter squadrons.
Training is the main task of the armed forces in peacetime.
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(18) The “Armed Forces of the United States” means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and Coast Guard, including their Regular and Reserve components. Under the Constitution of the USA the President is the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. The head of the Department of Defense is the civilian Secretary of Defense. Each of the armed services has its own Department : Department of the Army , Department of the Navy and Department of the Air Force . The Departments are headed by civilian secretaries. The military heads of the Departments are their Chiefs of Staff - Chief of Staff US Army , Chief of Staff US Air Force and Chief of Naval Operations . They constitute the Joint Chief of Staff who are principal military advisers to the Secretary of Defense, the President and National Security Council. They are responsible for strategic planning, joint employment and training of the Armed Forces . The CinC of the US Armed Forces is also assisted by several agencies . The most important of them are the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency . The regular components of the Armed Forces is a permanent professional force , which is maintained in constant combat readiness . The reserve components in the US Armed Forces are ordered to active military duty in case of war or national emergency . At present there are 23 branches in the US Army. The branches are grouped into arms and services. The arms of the US Army are Infantry, Air Defense Artillery, Field Artillery and Armor. Their main missions are combat and combat support. The services are Finance Corps, Chaplain Corps, Transportation Corps and others. Their main msns are combat service support and administration to the Army. Corps of Engineers, Signal Corps, Military Police Corps, Chemical Corps and Military Intelligence are considered to be both arms and services. The personnel of all arms and services is grouped into small units, units and large units.
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20. Расскажите о стрелковом оружии ВС Беларуси. Опишите ваше любимое оружие.
Speak about small arms of the Republic of Belarus. Describe yourfavorite individual weapon.
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21. Опишите род войск, в котором вы будете служить.
Describe your arm\branch you will serve in.
22. Расскажите об оснащении и вооружении рода войск или службы по специальности.
Speak about military equipment and armament in your armed service.
(21) Infantry is an arm of close combat. Its primary mission in attack is to close with the enemy and destroy or capture him; in defense - to hold its positions and repel the hostile attack by fire close combat or counterattack. Infantry fights by combining fire and maneuver. By fire, it inflicts losses on the enemy and neutralizes his combat power; by maneuver, it advances, closes with the enemy and makes its fire more effective. Infantry is supported by other arms. The defensive power of infantry reaches its maximum when it occupies an organized defensive position or when the enemy’s freedom of maneuver is limited. Today’s infantry is capable of fighting in different conditions of terrain, weather and nuclear availability, which restrict the employment of heavy weapons and equipment. The infantry can operate at night or under any climatic conditions and can overcome natural and manmade obstacles which would stop other forces.
(20, 22) Infantry weapons include small arms, hand grenades, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, recoilless rifles, wire-guided missiles and mortars. Small arms are firearms divided into handguns and shoulder guns. Handguns are intended for single hand use at short ranges and include automatic pistols and revolvers. Shoulder guns are weapons intended for firing from shoulder. They include rifles, carbines, submachine guns and machine guns. When the infantryman meets the enemy in combat, a weapon is needed to drive the enemy from his bunker or position. The hand grenade is just such a weapon. Hand grenades are used for casualty producing, screening, signaling and incendiary effect.
20. Расскажите о стрелковом оружии ВС Беларуси. Опишите ваше любимое оружие.
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Speak about small arms of the Republic of Belarus. Describe yourfavorite individual weapon.
21. (3 факультет)Опишите род войск, в котором вы будете служить.
Describe your arm\branch you will serve in.
22. Расскажите об оснащении и вооружении рода войск или службы по специальности.
Speak about military equipment and armament in your armed service.
(21) Infantry is an arm of close combat. Its primary mission in attack is to close with the enemy and destroy or capture him; in defense - to hold its positions and repel the hostile attack by fire close combat or counterattack. Infantry fights by combining fire and maneuver. By fire, it inflicts losses on the enemy and neutralizes his combat power; by maneuver, it advances, closes with the enemy and makes its fire more effective. Infantry is supported by other arms. The defensive power of infantry reaches its maximum when it occupies an organized defensive position or when the enemy’s freedom of maneuver is limited. Today’s infantry is capable of fighting in different conditions of terrain, weather and nuclear availability, which restrict the employment of heavy weapons and equipment. The infantry can operate at night or under any climatic conditions and can overcome natural and manmade obstacles which would stop other forces.
(20, 22) Infantry weapons include small arms, hand grenades, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, recoilless rifles, wire-guided missiles and mortars. Small arms are firearms divided into handguns and shoulder guns. Handguns are intended for single hand use at short ranges and include automatic pistols and revolvers. Shoulder guns are weapons intended for firing from shoulder. They include rifles, carbines, submachine guns and machine guns. When the infantryman meets the enemy in combat, a weapon is needed to drive the enemy from his bunker or position. The hand grenade is just such a weapon. Hand grenades are used for casualty producing, screening, signaling and incendiary effect.
20. Расскажите о стрелковом оружии ВС Беларуси. Опишите ваше любимое оружие.
Speak about small arms of the Republic of Belarus. Describe yourfavorite individual weapon.
21.(4факультет) Опишите род войск, в котором вы будете служить.
Describe your arm\branch you will serve in.
22. Расскажите об оснащении и вооружении рода войск или службы по специальности.
Speak about military equipment and armament in your armed service.
20. Infantry weapons include small arms, hand grenades, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, recoilless rifles, wire-guided missiles and mortars. Small arms are firearms divided into handguns and shoulder guns. Handguns are intended for single hand use at short ranges and include automatic pistols and revolvers. Shoulder guns are weapons intended for firing from shoulder. They include rifles, carbines, submachine guns and machine guns. When the infantryman meets the enemy in combat, a weapon is needed to drive the enemy from his bunker or position. The hand grenade is just such a weapon. Hand grenades are used for casualty producing, screening, signaling and incendiary effect.
21. We are signals. Our main mission is to provide communication. We usually transmit messages from one person or place to another. We often use voice communication, for example telephone and voice radio. In some combat situations we use visual communication, such as flags and lights to transmit prearranged messages. Sound signals are transmitted with the help sirens and bells to attract attention. But we know that messenger communication is the best means for transmission of long messages.
22. Radios are vital military tools. They allow soldiers to stay in contact during combat and other operations. Most radios are made to hop frequencies. This prevents the enemy from listening to the full conversation. The SINCGARS (man-pack) and AN/PRC-148 (handheld) are common military radios. The man-pack can be worn as a backpack. This portable type of radio handles both voice and data transmissions. The handled is the most widely used radio. It permits easy two-way contact. Most modern radios use rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
20. Расскажите о стрелковом оружии ВС Беларуси. Опишите ваше любимое оружие.
Speak about small arms of the Republic of Belarus. Describe yourfavorite individual weapon.
21.(5факультет) Опишите род войск, в котором вы будете служить.
Describe your arm\branch you will serve in.
22. Расскажите об оснащении и вооружении рода войск или службы по специальности.
Speak about military equipment and armament in your armed service.
20. Infantry weapons include small arms, hand grenades, grenade launchers, rocket launchers, recoilless rifles, wire-guided missiles and mortars. Small arms are firearms divided into handguns and shoulder guns. Handguns are intended for single hand use at short ranges and include automatic pistols and revolvers. Shoulder guns are weapons intended for firing from shoulder. They include rifles, carbines, submachine guns and machine guns. When the infantryman meets the enemy in combat, a weapon is needed to drive the enemy from his bunker or position. The hand grenade is just such a weapon. Hand grenades are used for casualty producing, screening, signaling and incendiary effect.
21, 22 There are a number of classification principles of rocket engines and rockets proper. Rocket engines are divided into solid-propellant and liquid-propellant engines. By the type of frame construction, rockets and missiles are subdivided into cruise missiles and missiles proper. The unwinged rockets and missiles are divided into ballistic missiles and non-ballistic missiles. Ballistic missiles include intercontinental ballistic missiles, intermediate range ballistic missiles, medium-range ballistic missiles and short-range ballistic missiles. Non-ballistic missiles include four general classes (according to the relative location of the launcher and the target): air-to-air (AAM), air-to-surface missiles (ASM), surface-to-air missiles (SAM), surface-to-surface missiles (SSM). AAM are used as aircraft-to-aircraft weapons. ASM include antiradiation missiles and ordinary air-to-surface missiles. SAM include antiaircraft and antimissile missiles. They are effective in destroying high-speed aircraft at all altitudes. SSM include ballistic and non-ballistic missiles, small non-nuclear antitank missiles for use in the battlefield, and naval missiles. They can be fired from land against troop concentration, important supply depots, communication centres and industrial areas. Besides there are underwater-to-underwater missiles, air-to-underwater missiles and surface-to-underwater missiles. Modern missiles air equipped with warheads containing nuclear charges. According to their combat missions, all missiles and rockets of the US Armed Forces are classified as Strategic Missiles, Tactical Missiles, Air Space Defence Missiles and Antisubmarine Missiles.
Igla (Игла)» 9К38 is a light weight, short-range surface-to-air missile system. «Igla (Игла)» missile system is a shoulder-fired guided missile system designed to give a soldier an effective defense against low-flying aircraft. The missile is a «fire and forget» weapon with a relatively simple firing sequence. After an Identification Friend or Foe system confirms the target is hostile, the gunner tracks it in an optical sight. At the same time, he energizes the missile guidance system and destroys a target. «Igla (Игла)» missile system is employed in the forward battle area to protect troops against low-level aircraft.
S-300 surface-to-air long-range missile system was produced and designed in Russia. Great fire power, high accuracy and mobility are the main characteristics of this weapon system. Now S-300 missile system is in the service with Belarusian Air Defense Troops. It is designed to destroy enemy aircraft and ballistic missiles from less than 25 meters altitude to over 30 km and has a range capability in excess of 40 km. S-300 missile system performs five basic functions: detection of targets, identification of targets (friend or foe), recognition of targets (aircraft/missile), tracking targets and finally destroying of a hostile targets. This missile system is designed to provide an active defense of important industrial and political centers, critical areas, and to repel the attacks of enemy aircraft and missiles on troops and rear installations. S-300 missiles system is equipped with a solid-propellant engine and has a high-explosive fragmentation warhead. This missile system is exported to China, Vietnam and Cyprus, and other countries. This system employs the system of inertial navigation and can be launched by the crew of three.
23. Расскажите о деятельности Организации Объединённых Наций.
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