Exercise 9. Match each definition with the correct word. Translate the words into Russian and learn them by heart.
ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ across the river. 3. What you (to do) at six o'clock yesterday? 4. You ever (to see) the Pyramids? 5. I (to go) to the Caucasus two years ago. 6. We (to go) to school every day. 7. Nick (to do) his homework by seven o'clock yesterday. 8. You (to help) your father tomorrow? 9. When Nick (to come) home yesterday, his mother (to return) and (to cook) dinner in the kitchen. 10. When I (to go) to school yesterday, I suddenly (to remember) that I (to forget) to take my English exercise book. 11. Yesterday grandfather (to tell) us how he (to work) at the factory during the war. 12. When Mr. and Mrs. Smith (to arrive) home, they (to discover) that someone (to break) into their house. Their video recorder and television (to disappear). They , (not to know) what they (to do) to deserve this bad luck. |ДЗ. The man (to get) off the bus without paying while the conductor (to collect) fares upstairs. , . <;,v . i ; .:• t key • ■ vthVVu •. . "• Упражнение 244 <>, \ t-c hn Раскройте скобки , употребляя глаголы в одном из { следующих времен : Present Simple, Past Simple , Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous ; Present Perfect, Past Perfect. 1. Don't go to Nick's place now, he (to work). He (to finish) his homework at seven o'clock. If you (to come) after seven, he (to be) very glad. 2. Pete (to go) to the cinema? — Yes, I (to think) so. He usually (to play) in the yard at this time, and now he (not to be) there. 3. He (to read) a book at five o'clock yesterday. 4. You (to go) for a walk with me? — I (to be) sorry, I can't. I (to do) my homework. I (not yet to write) the English exercise. If you (to wait) for me, I (to go) with you in half an hour. I (to want) to go for a walk very much, because I (not to go) for a walk yesterday. 5. Yesterday the children (to do) all their homework before mother (to come) home, and when she (to come), they (to play) with the cat. Употребление времен 6. I (to lose) my key when I (to play) in the yard yesterday. 7. Ring me up as soon as you (to come) home. 8. Where you usually (to take) books for reading? Упражнение 245 Раскройте скобки , употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен : Present Simple , Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous , Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect. : ; 1. Mike (to eat) ice cream every day. Look, he (to eat) ice cream now. When I (to see) him in the morning, he (to eat) ice cream, too. He (to say) he (to eat) one ice cream already by that time. I think he (to fall) ill if he (to eat) so much ice cream. 2. They (to walk) along the street and (to talk). Suddenly Nick (to stop) and (to say), "Oh, what shall луе do? I (to lose) the key to the door.'5 "If you (not to find) it," said Pete, "we (to have) to wait for mbther in the street." 3. When I (to come) to the station yesterday, I (to learn) that my train already (to leave). 4. What he (to do) when you (to see) him yesterday? 5. I (to give) you this book as soon as I (to finish) reading it. 6. When the ship (to cross) the ocean, a great storm (to break) out. 7. I never (to hear) of her. 8. To whom you just (to write)? • 4 v ' ; : Упражнение 246 Раскройте скобки , употребляя глаголы в одном из следующих времен : Present Simple, Past Simple, Future Simple; Present Continuous, Past Continuous; Present Perfect, Past Perfect. 1. Let's go for a walk. The rain (to stop) and the sun (to shine). 2. If you (to help) me, I (to do) this work well. 3. I always (to get) up at eight o'clock, but tomorrow I (to get) up a little later. 4. What you (to read) now? — I (to read) Tom's book. I (to be) in a hurry. 3. The barrels used for support. 4. In croise aterre dancer's legs are crossed to the audience. 5. In grand plie position dancer's thighs are vertical to floor.
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Exercise 8. Now read and translate the text about major ballet methods. Use the dictionary when necessary.
Major ballet methods
Born in Italy, raised in France, cultivated in Russia, and refined in America, ballet is nothing if not an international art form. As such, over the course of more than 300 years, several methods have diverged from the classical vocabulary.
Cecchetti
The Cecchetti method is one of the main training techniques of classical ballet. The Cecchetti method stresses the flowing and blending of the arms between positions more than any other classical ballet technique. A student develops a sense for long body lines because tHey are taught to mink" of me movements of their feet, legs, arms, and head as one in relation to their whole body. The Cecchetti technique focuses on fast footwork, clean lines, and smooth transitions between positions. Another distinguishing characteristic of the Cecchetti method is the encouragement of naturalturnout based on
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normal range of motion without forcing. One of the great ballerinas influenced by the Cecchetti method of ballet was Anna Pavlova.
Vaganova
The Vaganova method of classical ballet encourages dancing with the entire body. Dancers trained by the Vaganova method will likely have high jumps and powerful turns, aided by the use of the arms. Many movements of the Vaganova technique require dancers to remain in the air for as long as possible to give them an illusion of floating through the air, which requires great flexibility and extension.
The Vaganova technique encourages dancers to move their arms, legs and torso together in perfect harmony. A strong torso is a necessity for the Vaganova method, as the torso forms the foundation of all movements.
Balanchine
The Balanchine Method is a ballet training technique developed by choreographer George Balanchine. The Balanchine Method is the method of teaching dancers at the
School of American Ballet (the school associated to New York City Ballet), and focuses on very quick movements coupled with a more open use of the upper body.
The Balanchine Method is characterized by intense speed, deep plie, and a strong accent on lines. Balanchine ballet diah^ers must be very fit and extremely flexible. The method has many distinct arm posjtkms. and distinct and dramatic choreography.
The arm positions of the Balanchine Method (often referred to as "Balanchine Arms") tend to be more open, less curved, and often "broken" at the wrist. Plies are deep and arabesque positions are usually uneven, with an open hip facing the audience to achieve the illusion of a higher arabesque line. Because of the extreme nature of the Balanchine Method, injuries are common. Royal Academy of Dance (RAD)
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The Royal Academy of Dance (RAD) is the leading international dance examination board specializing in classical ballet. The basic style of the RAD is known as the English style of ballet, formed by merging various methods (Italian, French, Danish and Russian) to create a new one with higher standards. A well-known aspect of the RAD method is the attention to detail when learning the basic techniques of ballet. For beginners, the progression in difficulty is often very slow, with the difficulty of basic exercises only increasing slightly from grade to grade. The general thought is that if enough time is spent achieving the maximum level of technique before introducing new steps, the easier it will be for students to learn harder steps.
Exercise 9. Match each definition with the correct word. Translate the words into Russian and learn them by heart.
1. curved a) the part of your body between your hand and your
arm;
2. a wrist b) to move or run smoothly with unbroken continuity;
3. speed c) the basis on which a thing stands, is founded, or is
supported;
4. deep d) to spring off the ground or other base by a muscular
effort of the legs and feet;
5. to flow e) to be lighter than air, and to move slowly through it;
6. foundation f) to become merged into one; unite;
1. to float g) going a long way down from the top or the surface;
2. powerful h) not straight;
3. to jump i) the rate at which someone or something moves; 10 .to blend • j) with a lot of physical force. .
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