СОГЛАСОВАНИЕ ВРЕМЕН. КОСВЕННАЯ РЕЧЬ

 

Упражнение 306

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя гла­голы в Passive Voice .

1. Меня представили ее отцу вчера. 2. Когда я вернусь домой, все мои чемоданы будут уже уло­жены. 3. На какой учебник вы ссылаетесь в ва­шем докладе? 4. Разве это сочинение было напи­сано до того, как вы делали доклад? 5. Ее слуша­ли невнимательно, и все, что она сказала, было вскоре забыто. 6. Об этом эпизоде много говорят в нашей семье. 7. Нас провели в зал и предложи­ли нам хорошие места. 8. Послали за лекар­ством? — Да, его ищут. 9. Его воспитала сестра. 10. Не беспокойся, ему помогут в работе. 11. В на­шем районе строятся три новые школы. 12. Этот мост еще строится. Он строился, когда я его уви­дел в первый раз. 13. Когда я начал им помогать, они переводили статью уже два часа, но она еще не была переведена. 14. Когда я приду домой, обед будут готовить. 15. Этот рассказ обсудили на уроке литературы. 16. Не говори, пока с тобой не заговорят. 17. Произведения Агаты Кристи были переведены на более, чем 100 языков.

 

Сдвиг времен в придаточном дополнительном при главном предложении в прошедшем времени
Present Simple — Past Simple Present Continuous — Past Continuous	Действие прида­точного предложе­ния происходит од­новременно с дей­ствием главного.
Present Perfect \ „ . \ Past Past Simple   ^Perfect	Действие прида­точного предложе­ния предшествует действию главного.
Future — Future-in-the-Past	Действие прида­точного предложе­ния совершается позже действия главного.

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Употребляя простые предложения в роли придаточ­ных дополнительных при главном предложении в про­шедшем времени, сдвигайте времена, как указано в таблице:
Sequence of Tenses
Не lives in New York. 1 thought that he lived in New York. Mother is sleeping. 1 knew that mother was sleep­ing.	Одновременное действие Одновременное действие
He has returned from London. 1 was told that he had returned from London. He bought a new car. 1 heard that he had bought a new car.	Предшествующее действие Предшествующее действие
He will send us a letter. 1 supposed that he would send us a letter.	Последующее действие

Упражнение 307

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на употребление времен в русском и английском языках.

1. We did not know where our friends went every evening. 2. We did not know where our friends had gone. 3. She said that her best friend was a doctor.

4. She said that her best friend had been a doctor.

5. I didn't know that you worked at the Hermitage.

6. I didn't know that you had worked at the Her­mitage. 7. I knew that you were ill. 8. I knew that you had been ill. 9. We found that she left home at eight o'clock every morning. 10. We found that she had left home at eight o'clock that morning. 11. When he learnt that his son always received excellent marks in all the subjects at school, he was very pleased. 12. When he learnt that his son had re­ceived an excellent mark at school, he was very pleased.

Упражнение 308

Перепишите следующие предложения в прошед­шем времени. Обратите внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложе­ния от времени главного.

1. My uncle says he has just come back from the Caucasus. 2. He says he has spent a fortnight in the Caucasus. 3. He says it did him a lot of good. 4. He says he feels better now. 5. He says his wife and he spent most of their time on the beach. 6. He says they did a lot of sightseeing. 7. He says he has a good camera. 8. He says he took many photographs while travelling in the Caucasus. 9. He says he will come to see us next Sunday. 10. He says he will bring and show us the photographs he took during his stay in the Caucasus.

Упражнение 309

Перепишите следующие предложения в прошед­шем времени. Обратите внимание на зависимость времени придаточного дополнительного предложе­ния от времени главного.

1. Mike says he is sure Ann and Kate will be excellent guides. 2. He says they have made good

9 Ю. Голицынский

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progress in English. 3. Oleg says that in a day or two several English students will come to pay a visit to their school and he will probably have to act as an interpreter. 4. Ann says she has just met Boris in the street. 5. She says Boris told her a lot of interesting things about his travels in the south. 6. Nick says he is going to the hotel to see his friends, who have just arrived in St. Peters­burg from the United States of America. 7. He says they have not been here for a long time. 8. He says they were friends at school. 9. He says he will take them to the theatre on Sunday. 10. They say they will write me a letter when they return home.

Упражнение 310

Раскройте скобки, выбирая требующееся время глагола.

1. My friend asked me who (is playing, was play­ing) the piano in the sitting room. 2. He said he (will come, would come) to the station to see me off.

3. I was sure he (posted, had posted) the letter.

4. I think the weather (will be, would be) fine next week. I hope it (will not change, would not change) for the worse. 5. I knew that he (is, was) a very clev­er man. 6. I want to know what he (has bought, had bought) for her birthday. 7. I asked my sister to tell me what she (has seen, had seen) at the museum. 8. He said he (is staying, was staying) at the Ritz Hotel. 9. They realized that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 10. He asked me where I (study, studied). 11. I thought that I (shall finish, should finish) my'work at that time. 12. He says he (works, worked) at school two years ago. 13. Victor said he (is, was) very busy.

Упражнение 311

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющемся времени.

1. I knew they (to wait) for me at the metro sta­tion and I decided to hurry. 2. I didn't know that you already (to wind) up the clock. 3. I was afraid that the little girl (not to be) able to unlock the front door and (to go) upstairs to help her. 4. He says that he (to know) the laws of the country. 5. Sarie un­derstood why Lanny (not to come) the previous evening. 6. She asked me whether I (to remember) the legend about a faithful lion. 7. He understood that the soldiers (to arrest) him. 8. He could not understand why people (not to want) to take water from that well. 9. I suppose they (to send) a dog af­ter the burglar immediately. 10. He said he (to leave) tomorrow morning. 11. She says she already (to find) the book. 12. He stopped and listened: the clock (to strike) five. 13. She said she (can) not tell me the right time, her watch (to be) wrong. 14. I asked my neighbour if he ever (to travel) by air before. 15. The policeman asked George where he (to run) so early. 16. The delegates were told that the guide just (to go) out and (to be) back in ten minutes.

Упражнение 312

Употребите следующие предложения как прида­точные дополнительные, в роли главных используя предложения, данные в скобках. Сдвигайте времена в соответствии с правилом согласования времен.

1. You will fall and break your leg. (1 w;is al'innl)

2. My friend has never been to Washington. (I Uinw»

3. She never drinks milk. (I was told) I. Mi- in » \.-i \ talented singer. (We were told) 5. Th<\ hv«- n Imp py life. (We knew) 6. Tin* Htiulivn .u«- i>l<i\ тк in I Im

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yard. (She thought) 7. Her friend will come to see her. (She hoped) 8. Father has repaired his bicycle. (He thought) 9. She knows English very well. (I sup­posed) 10. Our sportsmen will win the game. (We were sure) 11. He does not know German at all. (I found out) 12. She made no mistakes in her dictation. (She was glad) 13. He works at his Eng­lish hard. (I knew) 14. She dances better than any­body else. (I was told) 15. My cousin has received a very interesting offer from his firm. (I learnt) 16. She will come to stay with us. (My aunt wrote in her let­ter) 17. He is painting a new picture. (We heard) 18. His new picture will be a masterpiece. (We were sure)

Упражнение 313

Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая прави­ло согласования времен.

1. Я знала, что она работает на заводе, что у нее есть муж и двое детей, что семья у нее очень друж­ная и она счастлива. 2. Он сказал мне вчера, что раньше он учился в университете. 3. Мы решили на прошлой неделе, что будущим летом мы все поедем в Крым. 4. Сестра сказала, что хочет приехать к нам сама. 5. Я знала, что она очень занята. 6. Никто не знал, что вы ждете здесь. Пойдемте в дом. 7. Гид предупредил нас, что в этой части города движение довольно сильное. 8. Секретарь не заметил, что ди­ректор с кем-то разговаривает. 9. Все мы знали, что ее семья опять в Санкт-Петербурге. 10. Лена сказа­ла, что она дарит нам эту картину. 11. Она сказала, что ее коллеги всегда дают ей прекрасные советы. 12. Он сказал, что любит эту пьесу. 13. В прошлом году они думали, что никогда не будут хорошо чи­тать по-английски, но вчера они увидели, что чита­ют тексты довольно хорошо. 14. Он сказал мне вче­ра, что его отец — профессор и живет в Москве.

Упражнение 314

Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая пра­вило согласования времен.

1. Я боялся, что заблужусь в лесу. 2. Она зна­ла, что мы никогда не видели ее картины. 3. Уче­ный был уверен, что найдет решение проблемы. 4. Я знал, что ты приехал в Санкт-Петербург, и пола­гал, что ты навестишь меня. 5. Мы не думали, что он так рассердится. 6. Мы вчера узнали, что она больна. 7. Он думал, что она не придет в школу. 8. Я знал, что моя сестра изучает французский язык, и думал, что она поедет в Париж. 9. Мне сказали, что ты мне звонил. 10. Я думал, что ты в Москве. 11. Я не знал, что ты уже вернулся в Санкт-Петербург. 12. Мы надеялись, что поедем в Лондон. 13. Учитель сказал, что наши друзья прислали письмо из Лондона. 14. Она сказала, что ее подруга пригласила ее в театр. 15. Мы боялись, что не купим билет в театр. 16. Мы увидели, что дети играют в песке. 17. Она сказала, что больше не будет купаться, потому что вода холодная. 18. Моя двоюродная сестра сказала, что любит оперу и будет рада пойти с нами в театр, хотя уже дважды слушала „Травиату".

Упражнение 315

Переведите на английский язык, соблюдая прави­ло согласования времен.

1. Все были уверены, что Борис хорошо сдаст экзамены. 2. Он говорил, что Лев Толстой ого любимый писатель. 3. Я знал, что вы жннсте м Москве, но не знал вашего адреса. 4. Он пекши. что бросит курить. 5. Все знали, что <нш п<м-д<-г п

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Рим. 6. Простите, мы не думали, что вы ждете нас. 7. Я не знал, что вы тоже любите футбол. 8. Я был уверен, что он будет выдающимся артистом.

9. Я боялся, что вы не последуете моему совету.

10. Я не знал, что ты будешь работать в читаль­
ном зале. 11. Я думал, что он подождет меня.
12. Он боялся, что ему будет трудно сделать док­
лад. 13. Он сказал нам, что когда он вошел в ком­
нату, его друг уже сидел на диване. Он читал газе­
ту. 14. Мы надеялись, что она скоро придет.
15. Он сказал, что не знает, когда начнется кон­
ференция. 16. Я был уверен, что если мы поспе­
шим, мы не опоздаем на поезд. 17. Он спросил меня,
что я буду делать вечером. Я ответил, что не знаю,
буду ли я свободен вечером, но сказал, что если буду
свободен, то позвоню ему часов в восемь.

 

Косвенная речь
При переводе предложений в косвенную речь не
забывайте заменять обстоятельства времени, как
указано в таблице.
Direct speech	Indirect speech
today	that day
yesterday	the day before
tomorrow	the next day
... ago	... before
this ...	that ...
these ...	those ...
here	there
last year	the year before
last month	the month before
last ...	the ... before
next...	the following ...

Indirect commands

Keep quiet! Don't make noise!

He told me                   to keep quiet and not to

He asked me                make noise.

Упражнение 316

Передайте следующие повелительные предложе­ния в косвенной речи.

1. "Explain to me how to solve this problem," said my friend to me. 2. The doctor said to Nick, "Open your mouth and show me your tongue." 3. "Don't be afraid of my dog," said the man to Kate. 4. "Take this book and read it," said the librarian to the boy. 5. The doctor said to Pete, "Don't go for a walk to­day." 6. "Don't eat too much ice cream," said Nick's mother to him. 7. "Go home," said the teacher to us. 8. "Buy some meat in the shop," said my mother to me. 9. "Sit down at the table and do your home­work," said my mother to me. 10. "Don't forget to clean your teeth," said granny to Helen. 11. "Don't sit up late," said the doctor to Mary.

Упражнение 317

Передайте следующие повелительные предложе­ния в косвенной речи.

1. The teacher said to me, "Hand this note to your parents, please." 2. Oleg said to his sister, "Put the letter into an envelope and give it to Kate." 3. "Please help me with this work, Henry," said Rob­ert. 4. "Please bring me some fish soup," ho said to the waitress. 5. "Don't worry over such t\ sum 11 thing," she said to me. 6. "Please don't. im-nlnni it to anybody," Mary said to her friend. 7. "I'lommr

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to come and see me," said Jane to Alice. 8. He said to us, "Come here tomorrow." 9. I said to Mike, "Send me a telegram as soon as you arrive." 10. Fa­ther said to me, "Don't stay there long." 11. Peter said to them, "Don't leave the room until I come back." 12. "Take my luggage to Room 145," he said to the porter. 13. He said to me, "Ring me up to­morrow." 14. "Bring me a cup of black coffee," she said to the waiter. 15. "Don't be late for dinner," said mother to us. 16. Jane said to us, "Please tell me all you know about it." 17. She said to Nick, "Please don't say anything about it to your sister."

Indirect statements

I am an engineer. I work at a plant. In the evening 1 study English.

He said             he was an engineer and worked at

He told me that a plant.

He added that he studied English in the evening.

I saw my friend yesterday.

He said   that he had seen his friend the day be-
He told me        fore.

We lived in Rome two years ago. My father worked there.

He said   that they had lived in Rome two years be-
He told me        fore and explained that his father had

worked there.

1 shall tell you about it tomorrow.

He said   that he would tell me about it the next
He told me        day.

Упражнение 318

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи.

1. Oleg said, "My room is on the second floor." 2. He said, "I am sure she will ring me up when she is back in St, Petersburg." 3. Misha said, "I saw them at my parents' house last year." 4. He said, "I haven't seen my cousin today." 5. "I don't go to this shop very often," she said. 6. Tom said, "I have already had breakfast, so I am not hungry." 7. He said, "I have just received a letter from my uncle." 8. "I am going to the theatre tonight," he said to me. Ц. Mike said, "I spoke to Mr. Brown this morning." 10. He said to her, "I shall do it today if I have time." 11. I said to them, "I can give you my uncle's address."

Упражнение 319

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи.

1. The woman said to her son, "I am glad I am here." 2. Mike said, "We have bought these books today." 3. She said to me, "Now I can read your translation." 4. "This man spoke to me on the road," said the woman. 5. "I can't explain this rule to you," said my classmate to me. 6. The teacher said to the class, "We shall discuss this subject tomorrow." 7. Our teacher said, "Thackeray's novels are very interesting." 8. She said, "You will read this book in the 9th form." 9. Nellie said, "I read 'Jane Eyre' last year." 10. "My friend lives in Moscow," said Alec. 11. "You have not done your work well," said the teacher to me. 12. The poor man said to the rich man, "My horse is wild. It can kill your lunsi-." 13. The rich man said to the judgr, "This т.нГ-, horse has killed my horse."

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Упражнение 320

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи.

1. Masha said, "I usually spend my holidays in the south." 2. She said, "I spent my holidays in the Crimea last year." 3. Boris said, "I go to the south every year." 4. He said, "I am going to a health re­sort tomorrow." 5. Ann said to us, "They haven't yet come." 6. She said to us, "They arrived in St. Petersburg yesterday." 7. I said, "I have been in London for a fortnight's holiday. My friends in Lon­don sometimes invite me to spend my leisure time with them." 8. Nick said, "I have never been to Lon­don. I think I shall go there next year." 9. He said, "I shall not stay with my friends too long." 10. He said to me, "They are staying at the Grand Hotel Europe." 11. He said, "They are leaving next Mon­day." 12. The clerk said to them, "You can leave the key with the maid upstairs."

Упражнение 321

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи.

1. The mother said, "The children are in the nur­sery, doctor." 2. "I have no time for lunch today," said the boy to his mother. 3. "You speak English very well," said the woman to me. 4. My brother said to me, "I am going to become a doctor." 5. My uncle said to us, "I buy several newspapers every day." 6. The teacher said to the pupils, "Next year we shall have six hours of English a week." 7. He said to me, "I want to see you today." 8. She said, "I am free tonight". 9. Mother said to me, "I feel bad today."

10. The pupil said to the teacher, "I can do my homework after dinner." 11. The teacher said to Jack, "You work hard, I know. You are a good boy." 12. The old man said to the girl, "You can sing per­fectly. I think you will be a famous singer." 13. My sister said to me, "You look very well, much better than you looked yesterday. I think you have recov­ered after your illness." 14. "You are an excellent cook. Everything is so tasty," said my guest to me. 15. The student said, "I can't answer this question. I don't understand it."

Упражнение 322

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи. Употребляйте любое су­ществительное или местоимение в роли подлежаще­го главного предложения.

1. I shall come as soon as I am ready. 2. You will know that I have gone to the concert if I am not at home by eight. 3. I'll come to the Philharmonic with you if you get tickets. 4. Five years ago there were no people living here at all. 5. I shall go skiing on Sunday if I have time. 6. They finished building this house only last week. 7. It will be so pleasant when Tom comes home. 8. I shall do it now if you like. 9. My brother was here today. 10. It's a pity you didn't come earlier. 11. There will be an interesting lecture at the school assembly hall tomorrow. One of our teachers will speak about Charles Dickens. 12. Last year I spent my summer vacation in the Caucasus. 13. I came to live in this town several years ago. 14. I'll be reading you a story until it is time to go to bed. 15. I have read all about it in today's newspaper.

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Упражнение 323

Передайте следующие повествовательные пред­ложения в косвенной речи.

1. "When your turn comes, listen very carefully to what the doctor tells you," I said to my grand­mother. 2. "If you are in a hurry, we shall do only the first experiment," said the laboratory assistant to me. 3. "I shan't start anything new until I have finished this novel," said the writer to the corre­spondent. 4. "When I get a job, I'll buy you a warm coat," said the boy's father. 5. "If you spill the milk, there won't be any for the cat," said my mother to me. 6. "When you come to see me on Sunday, I shall show you my new dress," she said to me. 7. "If Mary arrives before seven, bring her to our house for the evening," said Jane to Henry. 8. "Don't wait until I come. As soon as you finish the exercises, begin playing volleyball," said the PT teacher to the pu­pils. 9. "As soon as Robert appears, ask him where he put the dictionary," said Mary to her mother.

Упражнение 324

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло­жениях.

1. Tom said he would go to see the doctor the next day. 2. He told me he was ill. 3. He told me he had fallen ill. 4. They told me that Tom had not come to school the day before. 5. I told my sister that she might catch cold. 6. She told me she had caught cold. 7. He said that while crossing the English Channel they had stayed on deck all the time. 8. The woman said she had felt sick while crossing the Channel. 9. She said she was feeling bad that day. 10. The old man told the doctor that he had pain in his right

side. 11. Не said he had just been examined by a good doctor. 12. He said he would not go to school until Monday. 13. The man said he had spent a month at a health resort. 14. He said that his health had greatly improved since then.

 

Indirect questions
Special questions	He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered
"What are you doing?" "Where do you live?" "Where does he work?" "What is Nick doing?" "What have you prepared for today?" "When did you come home yesterday?" "When will your mother come home?"	what 1 was doing. where 1 lived. where he worked. what Nick was doing. what 1 had prepared for that day. when 1 had come home the day before. when my mother would come home.
General questions	He asked (me) He wanted to know He wondered
"Are you watching TV?" "Do you play chess?" "Does she go to school?" "Are you listening to me?" "Have you done your homework?" "Did you skate last win­ter?" "Will you see your friend tomorrow?"	-C	1 was watching TV. 1 played chess. she went to school. 1 was listening to him. 1 had done my home­work. 1 had skated the winter before. 1 should see my friend the next day.

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Упражнение 325

Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в кос­венной речи.

1.1 said to Nick, "Where are you going?" 2. I said to him, "How long are you going to stay there?" 3. I said to him, "How long will it take you to get there?" 4. He said to her, "Where do you usually spend your summer holidays?" 5. Ann said to Mike, "When did you leave London?" 6. She said to Boris, "When will you be back home?" 7. Boris said to them, "How can I get to the railway station?" 8. Mary asked Tom, "What time will you come here tomor­row?" 9. She asked me, "Why didn't you come here yesterday?" 10. She asked me, "What will you do tomorrow if you are not busy at your office?" 11. Pete said to his friends, "When are you leaving St. Petersburg?" 12. He said to them, "Who will you see before you leave here?" 13. They said to him, "What time does the train start?" 14. I asked Mike, "What will you do after dinner?" 15. I asked my uncle, "How long did you stay in the Crimea?" 16. Mother said to me, "Who has brought this par­cel?" 17. Ada said to me, "Where did you see such trees?" 18. I said to Becky, "What kind of book has your friend brought you?"

Упражнение 326

Передайте следующие специальные вопросы в кос­венной речи, начиная каждое предложение со слов, данных в скобках.

1. Where is he going? (He didn't tell anybody...) 2. Where has he gone? (Did you know...) 3. Where is he? (Did you know...) 4. When is he leaving school? (I wanted to know...) 5. Where does he live?

(Nobody knew...) 6. When will he come back? (She asked them...) 7. Where did she buy this hat? (He wanted to know...) 8. How much did she pay for it? (I had no idea...) 9. Where did I put the book? (I forgot...) 10. Who has given you this nice kitten? (She wanted to know...) 11. Where can I buy an English-Russian dictionary? (He asked me...) 12. How long will it take your brother to get to Ma­drid? (He wondered...)

Упражнение 327

Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи.

1. I said to Boris, "Does your friend live in Lon­don?" 2. I said to the man, "Are you living in a ho­tel?" 3. Nick said to his friend, "Will you stay at the Hilton?" 4. He said to me, "Do you often go to see your friends?" 5. He said to me, "Will you see your friends before you leave St. Petersburg?" 6. Mike said to Jane, "Will you come to the railway station to see me off?" 7. She said to me, "Have you sent them a telegram?" 8. She said to me, "Did you send them a telegram yesterday?" 9. I said to Mike, "Have you packed your suit-case?" 10.1 said to Kate, "Did anybody meet you at the station?" 11. I said to her, "Can you give me their address?" 12. I asked Tom, "Have you had breakfast?" 13. I asked my sis­ter, "Will you stay at home or go for a walk after dinner?" 14.1 said to my mother, "Did anybody come to see me?" 15. I asked my sister, "Will Nick call for you on the way to school?" 16. She said to the young man, "Can you call a taxi for me?" 17. Mary said to Peter, "Have you shown your photo to Dick?"

18. Oleg said to me, "Will you come here tomorrow?"

19. He said to us, "Did you go to the museum this morning?"

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Упражнение 328

Передайте следующие общие вопросы в косвенной речи, начиная каждое предложение со слов, данных в скобках.

1. Have they sold the picture? (I did not know...)

2. Do they know anything about it? (I wondered...)

3. Has Jack given you his telephone number? (She asked me...) 4. Is he coming back today? (I was not sure...) 5. Have you found the book? (She asked me...) 6. Are there any more books here? (The man asked...) 7. Did she go shopping yesterday (I wanted to know...) 8. Has she bought the dictionary? (He did not ask her...) 9. Does she know the name of the man? (I doubted...) 10. Did Boris see the man this morning? (I asked...)

Упражнение 329

Передайте следующие вопросительные предложе­ния в косвенной речи.

1. Kate said, "Mike, do you like my dress?" 2. Grandfather said to Mary, "What mark did you get at school?" 3. My sister said to me, "Will you take me to the theatre with you tomorrow?" 4. Moth­er asked me, "Did you play with your friends yes­terday?" 5. "Why don't you play with your friends, Kate?" said her mother. 6. "Do you like chocolates?" said my little sister to me. 7. "Did you see your gran­ny yesterday, Lena?" asked Mr. Brown. 8. The doc­tor asked Nick, "Do you wash your face and hands every morning?" 9. The teacher said to Mike, "Does your father work at a factory?" 10. Mother said to us, "What are you doing here?" 11. Father said to

Nick, "Have you done your homework?" 12. Tom said, "Ann, where are your friends?"

Упражнение 330

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло­жениях.

1. I asked if they had taken the sick man to hospital. 2. I asked my friend if he had a head­ache. 3. I wanted to know when he had fallen ill.

4. I wondered if he had taken his temperature.

5. I asked him if the doctor had given him some medicine. I asked him if he was feeling better now.

6. I asked the man how long he had been in St. Petersburg. 7. I asked him if he was going to a health resort. 8. We asked the girl if her father was still in Moscow. 9. I asked the girl what sort of work her father did.

Упражнение 331

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Do you like my pies, Ann?" asked her grand­mother. 2. "Sit down at the table and do your home­work," said Tom's mother to him. 3. "What did you do at school yesterday, John?" said his father. 4. "Will you play the piano today, Helen?" asked her aunt. 5. My uncle said, "We shall visit you next week." 6. "Don't cross the street under the red light," said the man to Nick. 7. "I borrowed a very good book from our library yesterday," said Mike to his father. 8. "Come to my house tomorrow, Jane," said Lena. 9. "Where are your books, Betsy?" said her mother.

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Упражнение 332

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Lock the door when you leave the house," said my elder sister to me. 2. "Have you received a tele­gram from your wife?" she asked Robert. 3. Mabel said, "Nothing will change my decision and I shall leave for Cape Town tonight." 4. "Pease don't smoke in the room," said the old woman to her nephew. 5. "I am shivering with cold," said the girl. 6. "I want to sit in the armchair," said the boy. 7. The secretary said to me, "The delegation arrived in St. Petersburg yesterday." 8. "Open the window, please," she said to me. 9. He said, "I shall light a fire and make myself breakfast." 10. "Don't run to the door when you hear the bell," said the woman to her little daughter. 11. She asked me, "How long are you going to stay here?" 12. Mary asked me, "Will you spend your vacation in Moscow?"

Упражнение 333

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. Father said to Jane, "Show me your exercise book." 2. "What are you doing here, boys?" said Kate. 3. "Don't make noise," said Tom's mother to him. 4. Helen said to Pete, "Did you play chess with your father yesterday?" 5. Kate said to her grandmother, "Help me (to) cook the soup, please." 6. Mike said to the teacher, "My sister knows two foreign languages." 7. Tom said to his sister, "I saw your friend at the library yesterday." 8. "What have you prepared for today, children?" said the teacher. 9. The teacher said to the pupils, "Don't open your

books." 10. Mother said to me, "You will go to the cinema tomorrow."

Упражнение 334

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Tom, go to bed," said his mother. 2. "I have never seen your toys," said Nellie to Pete. 3. "Give me your record book, Nick," said the teacher. 4. Ann said to Lena, "Look at my nice kitten." 5. "We shall go to the zoo tomorrow," said our grandmother. 6. Mother said to Pete, "Don't forget to wash your hands." 7. Nick said to his mother, "I am doing my homework." 8. "I have learnt a long poem," said Mike to the teacher. 9. "Don't play in the street," said the man to the boys. 10. "Why don't you drink your tea?" said my mother to me. 11. "I saw my friend at the stadium yesterday," said Johnny to his mother. 12. "When did you receive this letter?" my friend said to me. 13. "Will you play football with us?" said the boys to Peter.

Упражнение 335

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "I shall buy some new stamps for you if you give me this one," said Mike to Kate. 2. "Will you bring your sister to the party with you, Boris?" asked Mary. 3. "Please don't touch me," he said to me. 4. My father said, "I think I shall not go to the beach with you today because I am very busy." 5. "I am very thirsty. Please give me some lemonade, Ann," said Tom. 6. "Don't lie to me, Tom," said Aunt Pol-

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ly. "I am tired of your lies." 7. "Are you fond of going to the theatre?" asked my friend. "Have you seen any plays by Shakespeare?" 8. Nellie asked me, "Did you see 'Hamlet' last night?" 9. I asked Nel­lie, "Shall we go to the theatre together?" 10. "Does Mike like Shakespeare?" asked Nellie. "Will he go to the theatre with us?"

Упражнение 336

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Why are you shouting, man?" said Prince John to Locksley. "What is your name?" 2. "Who has read "Ivanhoe"?" asked the teacher. "Whom was it written by?" 3. One of the pupils asked the teacher of literature, "What novels shall we read next year?" 4. "Is the river Volga in Russia?" asked the French­man. 5. "Are you playing volleyball, girls?" said Ann. "I did not know that you liked it." 6. "Don't touch these photographs," said Peter to us. "They are still wet, and you may spoil them." 7. "Does your friend often come here, boys?" said Fred. "I want to speak to him." 8. "How did you manage to solve this difficult problem in such a short time?" said my friend to me. 9. The teacher said to us, "You will write a paper tomorrow." 10. "I saw a new film yes­terday," said Kate to Nick. "Did you like it?" asked Nick.

Упражнение 337

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Do you know where the Browns live?" we asked a passerby. 2. "There are a lot of trains to my station on Sunday," said Andrew to us. "You will

have no problems getting to my country place." 3. "Do you often meet my sister at the library?" he asked me. 4. "Will the teacher return our exercise books today?" asked Nick. 5. "My nephew is a very capable young man," said the woman. "He has just graduated from college, but he is already a very skilful specialist." 6. "Sit still and don't move your head," said the doctor to me. 7. "I want to know how your cousin likes working at this hospital," said Vera to Helen. 8. "Don't forget to bring your exercise books tomorrow," said the teacher to us. "You are going to write a very important paper." 9. "How can I get to the circus?" asked the girl. "Take tram number five," said the man. 10. "I am very sorry, Kate," said Mike, "I have forgotten to bring your dictionary." 11. "When does your mother go shop­ping?" asked the neighbour.

Упражнение 338

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. She said, "I am busy today and I shall be bus­ier tomorrow." 2. Jane said, "I shall come to school early tomorrow." 3. They said, "We shall not go to school on Sunday." 4. Mr. Dickson said, "I shall have to pay a lot of money for the car." 5. Peter said to me, "I'll be waiting for you at the station." 6. Mary said, "I'll be back soon." 7. She said to me, "What are you going to do when you come home?" 8. She said, "I hope I'll soon speak English well." 9. He said, "I am sure it will rain tomorrow." 10. They said, "We shall go to the river tomorrow if it is hot."

11. He said, "I am sure she will come in time."

12. She said, "I shall be able to read English news­papers without a dictionary next year."

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Упражнение 339

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. The teacher said to us, "You will have to work hard tomorrow." 2. My girlfriend said to me, "I shall not be able to go for a walk with you today, because I am very busy." 3. She said to me, "How long are you going to stay in the country?" 4. He said to me, "I like to go to the canteen during the break." 5. He asked me, "When will you go to the canteen?"

6. John said, "I met them at the airport yesterday."

7. He said, "I shall come to the party if I am free tomorrow." 8. She said, "I shall go to the cinema in the evening if I am not very tired." 9. My mother said to me, "It will be difficult for you to get up to­morrow if you don't go to bed at once." 10. Nina said, "I like music and I listen to it every evening before going to bed." 11. My aunt said, "I shall not be thirsty if I eat some grapes." 12. Mother said to us, "Don't go out before I return." 13. My sister said, "I shall be neither hungry nor thirsty if I have a cup of tea with a sandwich." 14. Mary said, "Don't switch the TV, Fred, I am working."

Упражнение 340

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "I shall gladly go to the cinema with you be­cause I haven't seen this film and I want to see it very much," said my aunt. 2. "Which of you can answer my question?" the teacher asked the pupils.

3. "Do you think that simple food is better for chil­dren than rich food?" she asked the doctor.

4. "Why did our team lose the game?" said Vera. "It

has always been very strong." 5. "Where have you put my book, Mary?" said Tom. "I cannot find it." 6. "I am very happy," said Fred. "I have bought a very good bicycle." 7. "Whom are you waiting for, boys?" asked the man. 8. "I shall not go to the party tomorrow because I don't feel well," said Mary. 9. "We saw a lot of places of interest when we were travelling around Europe last summer," said Wal­ter. 10. "I suppose we shall go to the theatre tomor­row," said Jane. 11. "Please don't take the books from my table," said Lena to me. "I have specially prepared them for working on my report." 12. "Don't be afraid, Nick," said his grandfather. "This dog is very clever and it won't do you any harm."

Упражнение 341

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. Не said to me, "Come at nine o'clock, I shall be free at that time and we shall have a nice cup of cof­fee." 2. Nina asked her friend, "What did the pro­fessor speak about in his lecture?" 3. Ann said, "He is one of the best speakers I have ever heard." 4. He said, "I haven't yet seen the film you are talking about." 5. He said, "I seldom went to see my friend in May as I was very busy." 6. She asked her brother, "Will you manage to get tickets to the Philharmonic on Sunday?" 7. My friend said, "We arrived in Kiev on Saturday and the next day we went to look round the city." 8. She said to me, "Did you live in St. Petersburg ten years ago?" 9. She said to me, "Are you going to leave St. Petersburg for the sum­mer?" 10. My friend said to me, "The discussion will still be going on when you return." 11. He said, "I am proud of my brother who took the first prize at

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the competition." 12. She asked me, "How long have you been living in St. Petersburg?" 13. She said, "He has just left." 14. He asked me, "When will your parents arrive in St. Petersburg?" 15. She said to me, "Were you present at the meeting yes­terday?"

Упражнение 342

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло- ОтСан UiH - jc .

1. Mary wondered if Jane would be busy the next day. 2. John asked Mary if she was afraid of thun­derstorm. 3. He asked her if she had ever walked in rainy weather. 4. Mary told John that she pre­ferred sunny days. 5. The woman asked her son if he was in a hurry. 6. Ann asked if they would go to the country the next day. 7. Kate asked her friend what she liked to do on her days off. 8. I asked the secretary if I might speak to the headmistress. 9. Nick wanted to know if Helen would give him her book. 10. Tom asked if Jane would go to the Philharmonic with him. Jane asked at what time he was planning to go. Tom said that it would take them long to get there. Jane asked where they would meet.

Упражнение 343

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло­жениях.

1. When I came home, my mother told me that a friend of mine had called on me half an hour be­fore. 2. He said that he studied at Moscow Universi­ty. 3. She said that her brother was playing chess

with her grandfather. 4. George said it was very difficult to play that role. 5. He asked why there were so few people in the street. 6. The man asked the boy if he knew where he lived. 7. The woman told him not to worry and go home quietly. 8. She said that she would sleep in the open air. 9. She wondered if I was going to leave St. Petersburg the next day. 10. He told me that he had bought that watch the day before. 11. Ann said that she had just had a telephone call from home. 12. My neigh­bour asked me to leave the key at my sister's. 13. He said he could not understand the rule. 14. He told me he had bought a ticket the day before.

Упражнение 344

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло-

1. Annie said that she had seen the film several months before. 2. Lydia said she had not seen it yet.

3. Boris told me that he wanted to build a radio set.

4. He told me that he had built a radio set. 5. Jack said that he often went to see Bob. 6. She said she had seen Mary that day. 7. Mike said he liked Dick­ens' novels very much. 8. He told me he had read "Dombey and Son" the year before. 9. The teacher said that the pupils would read the text the next day. 10. She asked me to buy some bread on my way home. 11. Mother told me not to be late for dinner.

 

12. I asked Mike if he had "Gulliver's Travels".

13. Mike asked me if I had read "Robinson Crusoe" by Daniel Defoe. 14. I asked John if he would be at home at three o'clock. 15. The teacher asked who was ill. 16. Nick asked Pete what he had seen at the museum. 17. The teacher asked who was absent.

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Упражнение 345

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло-

1. I asked my aunt if she was going to her home­town for the holidays. 2. He told me that he hadn't been able to ring me up in time. 3. He asked his class­mates to wait for him. 4. He asked her if anyone else knew about his arrival. 5. I asked him when he would take his last examination. 6. He asked me if I had taken part in the football match. 7. She asked me where I lived. 8. He said that he had joined a sports society. 9. He told me that he had seen my brother the day before. 10. She asked me to hurry up as there was little time left before the beginning of the meet­ing. 11. She asked her friend if the rain had stopped. 12. He answered that it was still raining. 13. My sister told me that she had found the book I was look­ing for. 14. He said that he didn't like the main char­acter of the book but he could not explain why. 15. He asked his brother what he would do if he did not find the book he needed.

Упражнение 346

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло жениях.

1. The man told us to have our passports ready. 2. He told us to pass up the gangway. 3. He said we would find our luggage on deck. 4.1 asked my friend if he would go down to his cabin or stay up on deck. 5. He said he was a bad sailor and could not stay on deck. 6. We told the porter to take our luggage to cabin number eight. 7. I asked my friend if he of­ten went to England. 8. He said he did not cross the

English Channel very often for it was rough as a rule. 9. My friend asked me if I knew when the boat was due¹ at Southampton. 10. I asked my friend if he thought it would take us long to get through the customs.

Упражнение 347

Ответьте на следующие вопросы, употребляя косвенную речь.

• E.g. "I like novels written by Dickens," said Nina to her friend Vera. "I have read many of them." What did Nina say to Vera? Nina told Vera that she liked novels written by Dickens and that she had read many of them.

1. "My favourite books are 'Gulliver's Travels'
and 'Robinson Crusoe'," answered Vera. "And now
I am reading a novel by Walter Scott."

What did Vera answer Nina?

2. "Last year we learnt some poems by Byron and
Shelley, they are so beautiful," said Nina.

What did Nina say?

3. "I know many poems by these great poets.
I have read some books about Byron and Shelley7
too," said Vera.

What did Vera tell Nina?

4. "This year we shall read a play by Shakespeare
in English," said Nina.

What did Nina say?

¹ when the boat was due — когда корабль прибывает

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Упражнение 348 Переведите на английский язык. Сравните кон­струкцию повествовательных и повелительных предложений в прямой и косвенной речи.

1. Мой друг сказал: „Все ученики нашего клас­са любят уроки истории".

2. Я сказал ему: „Мы любим уроки англий­ского языка".

3. Учительница сказала: „Скоро вы будете хо­рошо говорить по-ан­глийски, так как вы много работаете".

4. Учитель сказал: „Я уже проверил вашу контрольную работу".

5. Катя сказала: „Папа в комнате. Он читает."

 

6. Мама сказала: „Не шумите! Дедушка спит".

7. Аня сказала: „Мы на­шли в лесу много гри­бов".

 

1. Мой друг сказал, что все ученики их клас­са любят уроки исто­рии.

2. Я сказал ему, что мы любим уроки англий­ского языка.

3. Учительница сказа­ла, что скоро мы бу­дем хорошо говорить по- английски, так как мы много работаем.

4. Учитель сказал, что он уже проверил на­шу контрольную работу.

5. Катя сказала, что па­па в комнате и что он читает.

6. Мама сказала нам, чтобы мы не шумели, так как дедушка спит.

7. Аня сказала, что они нашли в лесу много грибов.

Упражнение 349

Переведите на английский язык. Сравните кон­струкцию вопросительных предложений в прямой и косвенной речи.

1. Вчера наш учитель 1. Вчера наш учитель
спросил нас: „Много        спросил нас, много ли

ли вы читаете?"                мы читаем.

2. Когда он увидел у меня в руках „Дэвида Копперфильда", он спросил, где я взял эту книгу. 3. Потом он спросил, знаю ли я что-нибудь об авторе этой книги.

2. Когда он увидел у ме­ня в руках „Дэвида Копперфильда", он спросил: „Где вы взя­ли эту книгу?"

3. Потом он спросил: „Знаете ли вы что-ни­будь об авторе этой книги?"

4. Миша спросил меня: 4. Миша спросил меня,
„Когда ты пойдешь          когда я пойду поку-

пать книги.

покупать книги?"

Упражнение 350

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Did you run a race yesterday?" said Peter. "Yes, we did," said Ann. "Tamara was the first to come to the finish." 2. "Where is my bag, mother?" asked Tom. "I have put it on the chair near the door," said his mother. "Don't forget to put your record book into it." 3. "Why can't we play here, mother?" asked the children. "Father is sleeping," said their mother. "He has worked very much today.

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Keep quiet." 4. "Why do you help her?" said Alec to us. "She is lazy. She can do everything herself." 5. "I don't want to go to the zoo. I was there last week with my cousin and saw all the animals," said Lena. 6. "Look at my stamps, father," said Nick. "When will you buy some new ones for me?" 7. "I can't do this exercise: it is too difficult," said Tanya. "Why didn't you ask your teacher to explain it?" said her brother. 8. "Can you see the lights over there in the distance?" said the lighthouse keeper. "Yes, I can," said his assistant. "A ship is giving signals."

Обратите внимание на передачу следующих конструкций в косвенной речи:

"Let's play chess," said Nick. —

Nick suggested playing chess. "All right," said Pete. — Pete agreed. " Oh no," said Mike. — Mike refused.

Упражнение 351

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Let's play badminton," said Nina. "All right," said Mike. "I like to play badminton very much." 2. "Let's run a race," said Bill. "No," said Jack. "I hurt my foot three days ago and now I cannot run." 3. "Will you show me your new flat?" said Tom. "Of course," said Becky. "Come to our place tomorrow." 4. "I shall go to see my friend tomor­row," said Kate. "Will you come with me?" "Yes, I shall," said Pete. "I want to see your friend." 5. "Does your friend always come to school so early?" said Victor. "No," said Mary. "She came so early this

morning because she is on duty today."6. "There is a new film on at our cinema," said Lena. "Let's go and see it." "No, I can't," said Mike. "I shall be busy." 7. "What shall we do with Nick?" said Ann. "He has got a bad mark again." "Let's help him with his Russian," said Pete. "I am sure we can do it."

Упражнение 352

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. Не said, "We have forgotten to take the ball!"

2. She said, "I shall be very glad to see you."

3. "Let's go to the Philharmonic. There is a good con­
cert there tonight," said Walter. "Oh, very good,"
said Robert. "I haven't been to the Philharmonic
for a long time." 4. Alec asked me, "Have you ever
been to the National Gallery?" "Yes, I have," said I.
"I visited it last year when we were staying in Lon­
don." 5. He said, "Who is this man? I don't know
him." 6. I thought, "He is a very clever man: he can
help me." 7. My brother said, "In two hours I shall
have finished my work and then I shall go to the
cinema." Then he said to me, "Let's go together."
"All right," I said. 8. The teacher said, "Open your
books and begin reading the new text." 9. The girl
asked, "What is the price of this dress?" 10. "Please
help me with this problem, I cannot solve it," I said
to my father. "All right," said my father, "let's try
to solve it together." 11. "Let's go to Finland for the
winter holidays," said Kate. "No," said Andrew, "we
have already been to Finland. Let's go to Greece. It
will be very interesting to see the country we have
read about so much." "All right," said Kate, "let's
go." 12. Nellie said, "Yesterday I went to see Paul,
but he was not at home." "Let's go to see him to­
day," said Nick. "I think he will be at home." "No,"
said Nellie, "I can't go today, I am very busy."

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Согласование времен. Косвеннаяречъ 289

 

Упражнение 353

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "That's enough," said Tom's mother, "he will never go there again. I shall see to it." 2. "Who will read the next story?" asked grandmother. "It is very interesting, and I am sure you all will like it." 3. "Will you come and see me on Friday?" Lena asked her friend. "All right," said her friend, "I think I shall be free on Friday." 4. "Will you need the book for a long time?" he asked me. "I can give it to you only for a few days." 5. "Soon I shall know the whole poem perfectly," said Mary. "I have already learnt more than half of it." 6. "Will you be able to find their house without me?" said John to me. "You have never been to those parts." 7. "Please, please don't ask me any more questions," she said to me, "I am very tired. I shall answer all your questions tomor­row." 8. "I shall finish reading the book by Monday, and then you can have it," he said to me. 9. "I haven't seen him since last year," said Lena, "and I think he has grown. Let's go and see him tomorrow." "All right," said I. "It will be interesting to see him and talk to him." 10. "Do you think it is really correct?" I asked my friend. "I am afraid you have made a mistake in one or two words."

Упражнение 354

Восстановите прямую речь в следующих предло­жениях.

1. Не told me not to call on him the next day as he would not be at home. 2. The officer ordered the soldiers to wait for him. 3. He said that he had lived in St. Petersburg for many years and knew the city very well. 4. I told my brother that I was sorry he

hadn't kept his promise. 5. John told his friend that he had just come from the United States and in­tended to stay in St. Petersburg for about a month. 6. Our monitor said that he was not satisfied with his report and was going to work on it for some more time. He said that he was to make it on the twelfth of February and so he had a few days left. 7. He said that he was quite all right. The climate hadn't done him any harm. 8. A man came up and asked me where he could buy a video cassette. 9. I asked my brother who had rung him up in the morning.

Упражнение 355

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. The shop assistant said, "The shoe department is downstairs." 2. The professor said to his assis­tant, "You have made great progress." 3. The teacher said to us, "You must read this text at home." 4. Paul said, "We shall have to discuss this text tomorrow." 5. She asked me, "Do you know who has taken my book?" 6. We asked him, "What has happened to you? You look so pale!" 7. She said to me, "I hope you haven't forgotten to post the letter." 8. She asked inc. "Where have you put my gloves? I cannot find Ними."

9. They said to me, "Try this coat on befon> buying
it. Maybe you won't like it when you have put it <m."

10. Last night I was called to the trlepl....................... c

An unfamiliar voice said, "Is that Dmitri spruit иц;? My name is Pavlov. I have conic I'mm Mumihw i<>

day. I have brought some books I'm y»" •............. \......

friends. I am staying at the (inniil ll<«l<<l l:ni.ч•• When and where can I see v<>'i?" "I.< Ги im-i-i ni Ни Pushkin monument in Arln .Scputie nl live ><'. !■» U il it is convenient for you," I mhuI "All iiphi," In- мм swered, "I shall he tln-i«- "

10 Ю. Голицмискии

290         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Согласование времен. Косвенная речь 291

 

Упражнение 356

Передайте следующие предложения в косвенной речи.

1. "Have you got a Russian-English dictionary?" he asked me. "Can you let me have it for this evening? I must do some very difficult translation." "All right," said I. "I won't need it tonight." 2. "I thought about you last night, Lydia," said Nellie. "Have you decided to go to Omsk with your parents or will you remain here with your aunt until you finish school?" 3. "Have you done your homework or did you leave it till the evening, Bob?" asked Mike. "I thought of inviting you to go to the theatre with me, but I remembered that you nearly always do your home­work in the evening." 4. "I am fond of Dickens," said Jack. "I have been reading 'The Old Curiosity Shop' the whole week. I like the novel very much. I am read­ing it for the second time." 5. "I think my friend has finished reading 'Jane Eyre', said Tanya. "I hope she will give it to me soon: I am eager to read it."

Упражнение 357

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

Mother: Nick! Do you hear the alarm clock? Wake

up! Nick:  Oh, I am so sleepy! Mother: Well, that's what you always say. Now, get

out of bed quickly. Nick:  Oh!

Mother: Be quick, or you will be late for school. Nick:   No fear. I have a lot of time. Mother: You forget that you have to brush your

teeth and to wash your hands and face. Nick:  Mummy, I remember everything.

Упражнение 358

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

Jane: May I come in?

Kate: Is that you, Jane? Come in! It is very good of you to come and see me.

Jane: I came before, but you were too ill to see any­body. Did you get the flowers?

Kate: Surely, I did. It was very nice of you to send them to me.

Jane: How are you now?

Kate: Oh, I am much better, thank you. The doc­tor says that I shall be allowed to go out in a few days.

Jane: Do you miss school?

Kate: Very much. I am afraid I'll be lagging behind the group in my lessons now.

Jane: Don't think about it. We shall help you.

Kate: Thank you very much.

Упражнение 359

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

Peter: Are you coming my way?

John: Yes, I am. How are you getting along?

Peter: Jolly well. How did you find the last test in geometry?

John: Rather difficult. I am not very good at solv­ing problems.

Peter: Why didn't you ask me to help yon? I would gladly have done it.

John: Oh, thanks a lot. I shall. Have you f>«>t, и lot of homework for tomorrow?

Peter: Yes. You know the timetable, Kr'nlny '* "I ways a bad day. We have six lessons loinor

292         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Согласование времен. Косвенная речь 293

 

row, and all the subjects are difficult. Be­sides, there will be questions from my little sister. She is not very good at sums.

John: All right, then. I'll come to your place tomor­row evening, if you don't mind.

Peter: Let's make it tomorrow. I'll be waiting for you.

Упражнение 360

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

Susan: Good morning, doctor.

Doctor: Good morning, Susan. What's the matter

with you? Susan: I feel bad. I have a headache, and I am

afraid I am running a temperature. Doctor: Open your mouth and show me your throat.

You have a bad cold, Susan. You must stay

in bed for two days until your temperature

is normal and you stop coughing. Susan: How I hate being ill and staying in bed! Doctor: But if you are not careful, you may fall ill

with the flu or pneumonia. I'll prescribe

some medicine. Susan: Thank you, doctor. Goodbye.

Упражнение 361

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

Michael: I say, Bill, can you show me around a bit? I only came here two days ago and I haven't been anywhere as yet.

Bill:        Of course, I shall do it with pleasure. Let's

go at once. And let's invite Alice to come with us. She knows a lot about the places of interest here.

Michael: That's a good idea.

Bill:        Alice, can you come with us? We are go-

ing for a walk, and I want to show Michael some places of interest.

Alice : No, I can't go with you, boys. I am sorry. Mother told me to buy some bread, and I forgot about it. I shall have to do it now. Go without me. I shall go with you some other time.

Bill:        It's a pity. All right, Michael, let's go.

Упражнение 362

Передайте следующий диалог в косвенной речи.

 

Waiter:	What will you order?
Man:	Give me the menu, please.
Waiter:	Here you are.
Man:	Chicken soup for the first course...
Waiter:	For the second course I recommend you to
	take fried fish. It is very good.
Man:	All right, bring me fried fish.
Waiter:	Any vegetables?
Man:	Yes, bring me some potatoes, and then
	cheese, coffee and fruit.
Waiter:	Yes, sir.

Инфинитив

295

 

ИНФИНИТИВ

heard the girl... cry out with joy. 17. I would rather ... stay at home today. 18. He did not want ... play in the yard any more. 19. Would you like ... go to England? 20. You look tired. You had better ... go home. 21. I wanted ... speak to Nick, but could not ... find his telephone number. 22. It is time ... get up. 23. Let me ... help you with your homework.

24. I was planning ... do a lot of things yesterday.

25. I'd like ... speak to you. 26. I think I shall be able ... solve this problem. 27. What makes you ... think you are right?

 

Запомните случаи, в которых инфинитив употреб­ляется без частицы "to":

• после модальных глаголов;

• после глаголов to let и to make;

• в сложном дополнении после глаголов восприя­тия: ( to see, to hear, to feel, etc.);

• после выражений: I would rather...

You had better...

Упражнение 363

Вставьте частицу to перед инфинитивом, где необходимо.

1. I like ... dance. 2. I'd like ... dance. 3. I shall do all I can ... help you. 4. She made me ... repeat my words several times. 5. I saw him ... enter the room. 6. She did not let her mother ... go away. 7. Do you like ... listen to good music? 8. Would you like ... listen to good music? 9. That funny scene made me ... laugh. 10. I like ... play the guitar. 11. My brother can ... speak French. 12. We had ... put on our overcoats because it was cold. 13. They wanted ... cross the river. 14. It is high time for you ... go to bed. 15. May I ... use your telephone? 16. They

Упражнение 364

Замените выделенные части предложении иифи нитивными оборотами.

• E.g. The boy had many toys which he could play with The boy had many toys to piny to

1. Here is something which will warm you up. 2. Mere is a new brush which you will clean your teeth with. 3. Here are some more facts which will prove thai your theory is correct. 4. Here is some­thing which you can rub on your hands. It will soft­en them. 5. Here are some screws with which you can fasten the shelves to the wall. 6. Here are some tablets which will relieve your headache. 7. Here are some articles which must be translated for tomor­row. 8. Who has a pen or a pencil to spare? I need something I could write with. 9. I have bronchi y«m a book which you can read now, bnl be sine ami ■<• turn it by Saturday. 10. Soon we found UkiI Нин-was another complicated problem Mini we \\<-i<- t<> consider. 11. The girl was ipnl.e yi.ime и In u I...1I1 her parents died and she icnmiinil nl.nn uiili !«•> younger brothers whom she IiihI ti> lulu- «им- <•!

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Инфинитив

297

 

12. I have no books which I can read. 13. Is there anybody who will help you with your spelling? 14. Don't forget that she has a baby which she must take care of. 15. Have you got nothing that you want to say on this subject? 16. There was nothing that he could do except go home. 17. I have only a few minutes in which I can explain these words to you. 18. I have an examination which I must take soon, so I can't go to the theatre with you. 19. King Lear decided to have a hundred knights who would serve him after he had divided up his kingdom.

Упражнение 365

Замените придаточные предложения инфинитив­ными оборотами.

• E.g. He is so old that he cannot skate. He is too old to skate.

1. The problem is so difficult that it is impossible to solve it. 2. The box is so heavy that nobody can carry it. 3. The baby is so little that it cannot walk.

4. He is so weak that he cannot lift this weight.

5. She is so busy that she cannot talk with you.

6. She was so inattentive that she did not notice the
mistake. 7. The rule was so difficult that they did
not understand it. 8. He was so stupid that he did
not see the joke. 9. She has got so fat that she
cannot wear this dress now. 10. The accident was
so terrible that I don't want to talk about it. 11. They
were so empty-headed that they could not learn a
single thing. 12. The window was so dirty that they
could not see through it. 13. She was so foolish that
she could not understand my explanation. 14.1 have
very little wool: it won't make a sweater.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания с инфинитивом:

to cut a long story short — короче говоря

to tell (you) the truth — сказать (вам) по правде

to say nothing of — не говоря уже о

to put it mildly — мягко выражаясь

to say the least of it — no меньшей мере

to begin with — начнем с того что

Запомните следующие предложения:

The book leaves much to be desired. — Книга оставляет желать лучшего.

Не is difficult to deal with. — С ним трудно иметь дело.

Не is hard to please. — Ему трудно угодить.

She is pleasant to look at. — На нее приятно смот­реть.

Упражнение 366

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя устойчивые словосочетания с инфинитивом.

1. Для начала она открыла все окна. 2. С моим соседом трудно иметь дело. 3. По правде говоря, я очень устал. 4. Его поведение оставляет желать лучшего. 5. Мягко выражаясь, вы меня удивили. 6. На этих детей приятно посмотреть. 7. Короче говоря, они поженились. 8. Самая известная книга Джерома — „Трое в лодке, не считая собаки". 9. Вам трудно угодить. 10. По меньшей мере, мы были удивлены. 11. Мягко выражаясь, она была невежлива. 12. Ваша работа оставляет желать лучшего. 13. Сказать по правде, я не люблю бокс. 14. Вашей сестре трудно угодить. 15. Начнем с того, что я занят. 16. На него было приятно

298         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Инфинитив                         299

 

смотреть. 17. Короче говоря, он не сдал экзамен. 18. Мы все были рады, не говоря уже о маме: она сказала, что это самый счастливый день в ее жиз­ни. 19. Твое сочинение оставляет желать лучшего. 20. Это очень странно, по меньшей мере.

 

Обратите внимание на	отсутствие союза чтобы
пород инфинитивом в роли обстоятельства цели:
То get this book, you	Чтобы получить эту книгу,
innsl (jo to Iho library.	вы должны пойти в библио-
	теку.
Запомнит следующие предложения:
1 have nothing to read.	— Мне нечего читать.
She has nobody to	— Ей не с кем поговорить.
speak to.
What is to be done?	— Что делать?
Who is to blame?	— Кто виноват?
1 am not to blame.	— Я не виноват.
To hoo is to believe.	— Видеть значит верить.
Ho wild tho first (last)	— Он пришел первым
to come.	(последним).
It is out of the question	— Не может быть и речи
to go there.	о том, чтобы идти туда.

Упражнение 367

Переведите на английский, язык, употребляя устойчивые словосочетания с инфинитивом.

1. Сказать по правде, мне это не нравится. 2. Им было нечего есть. 3. Кто виноват? 4. Короче гово­ря, он не сделал урок. 5. В нашей семье мама всег­да встает первая. 6. На нее приятно смотреть. 7. Чтобы перевести эту статью, вы должны вос-1мим.конаться словарем. 8. Мне некуда ехать летом.

9. О том, чтобы купаться в этой реке, не могло быть и речи. 10. Ему было не с кем обсудить эту проблему. 11. Вчера Катя пришла в школу последней. 12. Чтобы получить хорошую оцен­ку, вы должны упорно поработать. 13. С ней трудно иметь дело. 14. Что делать? 15. Начнем с того, что он болен. 16. Чтобы читать Диккенса в оригинале, вы должны хорошо знать язык. 17. Мягко выражаясь, он не прав. 18. Она была не виновата. 19. Ребенку не с кем играть. 20. Ви­деть значит верить. 21. Чтобы успеть на этот по­езд, вы должны поторопиться. 22. Не может быть и речи о покупке машины в этом году. 23. Книга оставляет желать лучшего.

Сравните употребление

Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive

To write — to be written

I am glad to help you. — Рад помочь. (Рад, что я помогаю ).

I am glad to be helped. — Рад, что мне помогают.

Упражнение 368

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive .

1. То play chess was his greatest pleasure. 2. The child did not like to be washed. 3. Isn't it natural that we like to be praised and don't like to be scolded? 4. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? 5. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 6. To improve your pronunciation you should record yourself and analyse your speech. 7. This is the book to be read during the summer

300         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Инфинитив

301

 

holidays. 8. То be instructed by such a good specialist was a great advantage. 9. He is very forgetful, but he doesn't like to be reminded of his duties.

Сравните употребление

Indefinite Infinitive и Perfect Infinitive

To write — to have written

I am glad to see you. — Рад видеть вас. (Рад, что вижу вас .)

I am glad to have seen you. — Рад, что повидал вас .

 

Формы инфинитива
	Active	Passive
Indefinite (Simple)	to write	to be written
Continuous	to be writing
Perfect	to have written	to have been written
Perfect Continuous	to have been writing

 

Упражнение 369

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Perfect Infinitive .

1. The child was happy to have been brought home. 2. Jane remembered to have been told a lot about Mr. Rochester. 3. The children were delighted to have been brought to the circus. 4. I am sorry to have spoilt your mood. 5. Maggie was very sorry to have forgotten to feed the rabbits. 6. I am awfully glad to have met you. 7. Sorry to have placed you in this disagreeable situation. 8. I am very happy to have had the pleasure of making your acquaintance. 9. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 10. Clyde was awfully glad to have renewed his acquaintance with Sondra. 11. Sorry not to have noticed you. 12. I am sorry to have added some more trouble by what I have told you. 13. When Clyde looked at the girl closely, he remembered to have seen her in Sondra's company. 14. I remembered to have been moved¹ by the scene I witnessed.

¹ moved — зд. растроган

 

 

 

 

 

Что значат эти формы? Рассмотрите предложения, иллюстрирующие значение разных форм инфинитива
Чему я рад?
.2 О	Indefinite (Simple)	1 am glad to speak to you.	Рад поговорить с ва­ми. (Всегда радуюсь, когда говорю с вами.)
	Continu­ ous	1 am glad to be speaking to you.	Рад, что сейчас раз­говариваю с вами.
	Perfect	1 am glad to have spoken to you.	Рад, что поговорил с вами.
	Perfect Continu­ous	1 am glad to have been speaking to you.	Рад, что уже давно (все это время) раз­говариваю с вами.
со со	Indefinite (Simple)	1 am (always) glad to be told the news.	Всегда рад, когда мне рассказывают новости.
	Perfect	1 am glad to have been told the news.	Рад, что мне рассказали новости.

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Инфинитив

303

 

Упражнение 370

Замените выделенные части предложений инфи­нитивными оборотами.

• E.g. He is sorry that he has said it. He is sorry to have said it.

1. It is certain that it will rain if you don't take your umbrella. 2. Don't promise that you will do it, if you are not sure that you can. 3. He was happy that he was praised by everybody. 4. He was very proud that he had helped his elder brother. 5. She was sorry that she had missed the beginning of the concert. 6. I am glad that I see all my friends here.

7. I was afraid of going past that place alone.

8. My sister will be thrilled when she is wearing a dress as lovely as that. 9. We must wait till we hear the exam results. 10. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in. 11. I should be delighted if I could join you. 12. He hopes that he will know everything by tomorrow.

Упражнение 371

Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му инфинитива.

1. Не seems (to read) a lot. 2. Не seems (to read) now. 3. He seems (to read) since morning. 4. He seems (to read) all the books in the library. 5. I want (to take) you to the concert. 6. I want (to take) to the concert by my father. 7. She hoped (to help) her friends. 8. She hoped (to help) by her friends. 9. I hope (to see) you soon. 10. We expect (to be) back in two days. 11. He expected (to help) by the teacher. 12. The children seem (to play) since morn-

ing. 13. I am glad (to do) all the homework yester­day. 14. She seems (to work) at this problem ever since she came here. 15. I am sorry (to break) your pen.

Упражнение 372

Раскройте скобки , употребляя требующуюся фор ­ му инфинитива .

1. I hate (to bother) you, but the students are still waiting (to give) books for their work. 2. He seized every opportunity (to appear) in public: he was so anxious (to talk) about. 3. Is there anything else (to tell) her? I believe she deserves (to know) the state of her sick brother. 4. He began writing books not because he wanted (to earn) a living. He wanted (to read) and not (to forget). 5. I consider myself lucky (to be) to that famous exhibition and (to see) so many wonderful paintings. 6. He seems (to know) French very well: he is said (to spend) his youth in Paris. 7. The enemy army was reported (to overthrow) the defence lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city. 8. The woman pretended (to read) and (not to hear) the bell. 9. You seem (to look) for troub­le. 10. It seemed (to snow) heavily since early morn­ing: the ground was covered with a deep layer of snow. 11. They seemed (to quarrel): I could hear an­gry voices from behind the door. 12. They are sup­posed (to work) at the problem for the last two months. 13. The only sound (to hear) was the snor­ing of grandfather in the bedroom. 14. Her ring was believed (to lose) until she happened (to find) it dur­ing the general cleaning. It turned out (to drop) be­tween the sofa and the wall. 15. They seemed (to wait) for ages.

304         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Упражнение 373

Переведите на английский язык, употребляя тре­бующуюся форму инфинитива.

1. Я рад, что рассказал вам эту историю. 2. Я рад, что мне рассказали эту историю. 3. Я хочу познакомить вас с этой артисткой. 4. Я хочу, что­бы меня познакомили с этой артисткой. 5. Я рад, что встретил ее на станции. 6. Я рад, что меня встретили на станции. 7. Мы очень счастливы, что пригласили его на вечер. 8. Мы очень счаст­ливы, что нас пригласили на вечер. 9. Он будет счастлив посетить эту знаменитую картинную галерею. 10. Он был счастлив, что посетил эту знаменитую картинную галерею. 11. Дети любят, когда им рассказывают сказки. 12. Я не предпо­лагал останавливаться на этой станции. 13. Я не ожидал, что меня остановят. 14. Я сожалею, что причинил вам столько беспокойства. 15. Он не выносит¹, когда ему лгут. 16. Я вспомнил, что уже встречал это слово в какой-то книге. 17. Мне очень жаль, что я пропустил эту интересную лек­цию. 18. Она счастлива, что слышала концерт известного итальян-ского дирижера. 19. Она рада, что присутствовала на лекции. 20. Он очень доволен, что закончил свою книгу. 21. Наши спортсмены гордятся тем, что выиграли кубок. 22. Я только хочу, чтобы мне позволили помочь вам. 23. Я был благодарен, что мне дали комна­ту с большим окном. 24. Он был счастлив, что вернулся домой. 25. Он был счастлив, что снова дома. 26. Я сожалею, что прервал вас. 27. Я со­жалею, что не застала вас дома. 28. Джейн была счастлива, что уезжает от миссис Рид. 29. Рочес-тер был рад познакомиться с Джейн. 30. Рочес-тер был рад, что познакомился с Джейн.

¹ не выносит — hates

ПРИЧАСТИЕ

She watched the children writing the dictation. Writing the dictation, he made only one mistake. The dictation written the day before was corrected.

Упражнение 374

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на причастия.

1. Everybody looked at the dancing girl. 2. The little plump woman standing at the window is my grandmother. 3. The man playing the piano is Kate's uncle. 4. Entering the room, she turned on the light. 5. Coming to the theatre, she saw that the perform­ance had already begun. 6. Looking out of the win­dow, he saw his mother watering the flowers.

7. Hearing the sounds of music, we stopped talking.

8. She went into the room, leaving the door open.

9. Working at his desk, he listened to a new CD.

10. Running into the road, the young man stopped
a taxi. 11. Looking through the newspaper, she no­
ticed a photograph of her boss. 12. Using chemi­
cals, the firemen soon put out the fire in the forest.

306         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Причастие

307

 

Упражнение 375

Замените придаточные определительные пред­ложения причастными оборотами.

1. All the people who live in this house are stu­dents. 2. The woman who is speaking now is our sec­retary. 3. The apparatus that stands on the table in the corner of the laboratory is quite new. 4. The young man who helps the professor in his experi­ments studies at our university. 5. People who bor­row books from the library must return them in time. 6. There are many pupils in our class who take part in all kinds of extracurricular activities.

Упражнение 376

Замените придаточные предложения причины причастными оборотами.

1. As he now felt more at ease, the man spoke in a louder voice. 2. Since he knew who the man was, Robert was very pleased to have the chance of talk­ing to him. 3. As he thought that it was his brother at the window, Steve decided to open it. 4. As the people were afraid of falling into a ditch in the darkness at any moment, they felt their way about very carefully. 5. Since he needed a shelter for the night, Peter decided to go to the neighbours' house.

Упражнение 377

Замените придаточные предложения времени причастными оборотами (не опускайте союз when ).

1. You must have much practice when you are learning to speak a foreign language. 2. When you

speak English, pay attention to the order of words. 3. When you are copying English texts, pay atten­tion to the articles. 4. When you begin to work with the dictionary, don't forget my instructions. 5. Be careful when you are crossing a street. 6. When you are leaving the room, don't forget to switch off the light. 7. When they were travelling in Cen­tral Africa, the explorers met many wild animals.

Past Participle = Participle II

III форма глагола

broken — сломанный, разбитый written — написанный eaten — съеденный

Упражнение 378

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Past Participle .

1. She put a plate of fried fish in front of me.

2. The coat bought last year is too small for me now.

3. Nobody saw the things kept in that box. 4. My sister likes boiled eggs. 5. We stopped before a shut door. 6. Tied to the tree, the goat could not run away. 7. They saw overturned tables and chairs and pieces of broken glass all over the room. 8. This is a church built many years ago. 9. The books written by Dickens give us a realistic picture of the 19th century England.

308         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Сравните употребление Participle I (ing-форма) и Participle II (III форма глагола)

taking — берущий, беря      taken — взятый

doing — делающий, делая done — сделанный

Упражнение 379

Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на Participle I и Participle II .

1. a) A letter sent from St. Petersburg today will

be in Moscow tomorrow.

b) He saw some people in the post office send­ing telegrams.

c) When sending the telegram, she forgot to write her name.

2. a) Some of the questions put to the lecturer

yesterday were very important.

b) The girl putting the book on the shelf is the new librarian.

c) While putting the eggs into the basket, she broke one of them.

3. a) A fish taken out of the water cannot live.

b) A person taking a sunbath must be very care­ful.

c) Taking a dictionary, he began to translate the text.

4. a) A line seen through this crystal looks double.

b) A teacher seeing a mistake in a student's dictation always corrects it.

c) Seeing clouds of smoke over the house, the girl cried, "Fire! Fire!"

5. a) The word said by the student was not correct,
b) The man standing at the door of the train

carriage and saying goodbye to his friends is a well-known musician.

Причастие                         309

с) Standing at the window, she was waving her hand. 6. a) A word spoken in time may have very im­portant results.

b) The students speaking good English must help their classmates.

c) The speaking doll interested the child very much.

d) While speaking to Nick some days ago, I for­got to ask him about his sister.

Упражнение 380

Выберите из скобок требующуюся форму причас­тия.

1. a) The girl (writing, written) on the blackboard

is our best pupil, b) Everything (writing, written) here is quite right.

2. a) We listened to the girls (singing, sung) Rus-

sian folk songs, b) We listened to the Russian folk songs (sing­ing, sung) by the girls.

3. a) The girl (washing, washed) the floor is my

sister, b) The floor (washing, washed) by Helen looked very clean.

4. a) Who is that boy (doing, done) his homework

at that table? b) The exercises (doing, done) by the pupils were easy.

5. a) The house (surrounding, surrounded) by tall

trees is very beautiful, b) The wall (surrounding, surrounded) the house was very high.

310         ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Причастие

311

 

6. Read the (translating, translated) sentences once more.

7. Name some places (visiting, visited) by you last year.

8. I picked up the pencil (lying, lain) on the floor.

9. She was reading the book (buying, bought) the day before.

 

10. Yesterday we were at a conference (organizing, organized) by the pupils of the 10th form.

11. (Taking, taken) the girl by the hand, she led her across the street.

12. It was not easy to find the (losing, lost) stamp.

13. I shall show you a picture (painting, painted) by Hogarth.

14. Here is the letter (receiving, received) by me yesterday.

15. Do you know the girl (playing, played) in the garden?

16. The book (writing, written) by this scientist is very interesting.

17. Translate the words (writing, written) on the blackboard.

18. We could not see the sun (covering, covered) by dark clouds.

19. The (losing, lost) book was found at last.

20. (Going, gone) along the street, I met Mary and Ann.

21. Look at the beautiful flowers (gathering, gath­ered) by the children.

22. His hat (blowing, blown) off by the wind was lying in the middle of the street.

23. "How do you like the film?" he asked, (turn­ing, turned) towards me.

24. When we came nearer, we saw two boys (com­ing, come) towards us.

25. I think that the boy (standing, stood) there is his brother.

Сравните употребление Present Participle и Perfect Participle

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