I. Знайдіть в тексті російські еквіваленти наступних слів та виразів:
1) various fuels can be used; 2) limited application; 3) metal heating; 4)versatility; 5) technically feasible; 6) inadvisable, inexpedient; 7) uneconomical; 8) construction metal works; 9) machine frame; 10) rise of coarse grain; 11) fillet weld; 12) flame power; 13) square joint; 14) to adjust the torch; 15) to get balanced flame.
II. Перекладіть на англійську мову наступні слова та вирази:
1) преобладающее значение; 2) недостаток; 3) цветные металлы; 4) подогрев;
5) неплавочные работы; 6) портативное оборудование; 7)производительность; 8) вагон; 9) влечет за собой; 10) рациональные формы; 11) стыковое соединение; 12) нахлесточное соединение; 13) тавровое соединение; 14) плавно регулировать; 15) нижнее положение.
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Сварка под. водой
Read the following Text.
UNDERWATER WELDING
Underwater welding refers to a number of distinct processes that are performed
underwater. The two main categories of this techniques are wet underwater welding and dry underwater welding, both classified as hyperbaric welding.In wet underwater welding, a variation of shielded metal arc welding iscommonly used, employing a waterproof electrode. Other processes that areused include flux-cored welding and friction welding. In each of these cases, thewelding power supply is connected to the welding equipment through cables andhoses. The process is generally limited to low carbon equivalent steels, especiallyat greater depths, because of hydrogen-caused cracking. In dry underwaterwelding the weld is performed at the prevailing pressure in a chamber filled witha gas mixture sealed around the structure being welded. For this process, gastungsten arc welding is often used, and the resulting welds are of high integrity.The applications of underwater welding are diverse – it is often used to repairships, offshore oil platforms and pipelines. Steel is the most common materialwelded. For deep water welds and other applications where high strength isnecessary, dry underwater welding in most commonly used. Research into usingdry underwater welding at depths of up to 1000 meters is ongoing. In general,assuring the integrity of underwater welds can be difficult, but it is possible usingnon-destructive testing applications, especially for wet underwater welds,because defects are difficult to detect if they are beneath the surface of the weld.For the structures being welded by wet underwater welding, inspection followingwelding and assuring the integrity of such welds may be more difficultthan for welds deposited in air. There is a risk that defects may remain undetected.The risks of underwater welding include the risk of electric shock to thewelder. To prevent this, the welding equipment must be adaptable to a marineenvironment, properly insulated and the welding current must be controlled.Underwater welders must also consider safety issues that normally divers face;most notably, the risk of decomposition sickness due to the increased pressure ofinhaled breathing gases. Another risk, generally limited to wet underwater welding,is the build-up of hydrogen and oxygen pockets, because these are potentially explosive.
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Translate the Text into Ukrainian language.
Read and remember:
ü wet underwater welding – влажная подводная сварка
ü dry underwater welding – сухая подводная сварка
ü hyperbaric – гипербарический, превышающий нормальное давление
ü waterproof – водонепроницаемый, водоотталкивающий
ü friction welding – сварка трением
ü chamber – камера
ü sealed – герметичный
ü integrity – цельность
ü to assure – гарантировать
ü non-destructive testing method – неразрушающий метод контроля
ü insulated – изолированный(электр.)
ü decomposition sickness – кессонная болезнь
ü pocket – зд. – пузырь
Exercises :
I. Знайдіть в тексті англійські еквіваленти наступних слів:
1) дугове зварювання в захисному середовищі; 2) водовідштовхувальний, водонепроникний; 3) зварювання гнотовим електродом; 4) зварювання тертям; 5) сталь з низьким вмістом вуглецю; 6) розтріскування, викликане воднем; 7) газовольфрамовая зварювання; 8) нафтові платформи; 9) висока міцність; 10) цілісність шва; 11) неруйнівні методи дослідження; 12) виявити дефект; 13) удар електрострумом; 14) ізолювати; 15) кесонна хвороба.
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