Rehabilitation of children with a hearing disorder
In the course of rehabilitation individual and group occupations, the choral recitation with music are used. Further speech classes by means of amplifiers and hearing aids are given. Such work is carried out in special kindergartens for children hard of hearing, since 2-3-year age. Further it proceeds at specialized schools. In many cases work on rehabilitation is performed by parents in the conditions of natural speech communication. It demands permanently bigger work and time, but yields often good results. But this work has to be joint from surdopedagoga and pass under their supervision. Thus, the following composed successful rehabilitation hard of hearing:
Early identification of a hearing disorder and early beginning of rehabilitation actions.Ensuring sufficient loudness of speech signals. Intensity and systematic nature of the acoustical training making a rehabilitation process basis.
The natural speech environment of the child, is constant communication with the people having normal hearing and the normal speech.
The most valuable period for rehabilitation are the first three years of life of the child. At the relative deafness which arose at the person able to speak speech disturbance in the form of monotony, unevennesses develop further. Besides, the arisen relative deafness complicates communication with people around. For diagnostics of decrease in hearing adults have a large number of ways and tests. The important purpose of this research is clarification of the reason for the developed relative deafness — defeat of the sound carrying out or sound perceiving system.
2. Translate and make up sentences with….
1. mutually
2. ability
3. expansion
4. enable
5. error
Examination task № 8
1. Read and translate the text:
Sign language
Sign language or is more rare a sign language — the independent, naturally arisen or artificially created language consisting of a combination of gestures, each of which is made by hands in combination with a mimicry, a form or the movement of a mouth and lips, and also in combination with position of the case of a body. One of the of the wrong ideas of sign languages is the assumption that they somehow depend from verbal (sound and written) languages or came from them, and that these languages were thought up hearing, however it not so. Besides, often of letters (which actually it is used in sign languages generally for pronouncing proper names, place names, and also the specific terms taken from verbal languages) and the traced sign speech used by the gestures hearing for information transfer to grammatical identically verbal language is accepted to sign languages. However, actually, sign languages are almost completely independent from verbal and continue to develop independently: there are new gestures, die off old — and most often this tendency is poorly connected with development of verbal languages. The quantity of sign languages in separately taken country doesn't correlate with quantity of the widespread (used) in it verbal languages in any way.
|
|
|
Even within one country in which some verbal languages are officially used, the only (general) sign language and vice versa — in some countries some sign can coexist with the only verbal language can be applied to communication between representatives of different ethnic groups. These languages are generally used by deafs or people hard of hearing for the purpose of communication (communication). Use of sign languages by people without hearing disorder is secondary, however is quite widespread: often there is a need for communication with the people with a hearing disorder who are users of sign language. It should be noted that people without hearing disorder are predisposed to use of sound languages for communication.
2.Translate and make up sentences with….
1. perception
2. message
3. articulation
4.nerve
5. in addition
Examination task № 9
1. Read and translate the text:
Mentally retarded children
With violation of intellectual development (mentally retarded) refer persons with the permanent, irreversible violation of mainly informative sphere which arose owing to the organic damage of a cerebral cortex having diffusion to persons (poured) character. Characteristic of defect at intellectual backwardness is violation of the highest mental functions. It is expressed in violation of informative processes (feelings, perception, memory, thinking, imagination, the speech, attention), the emotional and strong-willed sphere, a motility, the personality in general suffers. At many mentally retarded children violations in physical development are observed: displaziya, deformations of a shape of a skull and sizes of extremities, violation of the general small and articulation motility, difficulty of formation of motive avtomatizm.
|
|
|
The concept "intellectual backwardness" includes such forms of violations of intelligence, as "mental retardation" and "dementia".
Mental retardation (from Greek olygos – small, phren – mind) – the special form of a mental underdevelopment arising owing to various reasons: pathological heredity, chromosomal aberrations (from armor. aberratio – distortion, withdrawal pains), pathology, organic defeat of the central nervous system in the pre-natal period or at the earliest stages of post-natal development (till three years, i.e. until formation of the speech).
At mental retardation organic insufficiency of a brain carries residual (residual) (not progressing) character. Actions of a harmful factor to a great extent already stopped, and the child is capable to mental development which is carried out abnormally as its biological basis of a patologic. The term of "mental retardation" was introduced in the XIX century by the German psychiatrist E. Krepelin for the first time. Children oligophrenic persons – the prevailing contingent of pupils of special (correctional) schools VIII of a look. They are the most studied in psychological and pedagogical plans.
1. Translate and make up sentences with….
1. entire
2. conveniently
3. minor
4. surgery
5. abnormal
Examination task № 10
1. Read and translate the text:
Дата добавления: 2018-05-09; просмотров: 289; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!