Контрольная работа №2
Вариант №1
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
USA
The United States of America is composed of 50 states joined in a federal republic with the population of 260 million people. The USA is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean. In the north the USA borders on Canada and in the south on Mexico.
The capital of the US is Washington on the Potomac River. The flag of the USA, the Stars and Stripes, has fifty starts on blue background. Each of these stars represents one of the fifty states. The population of Washington is about a million people. The US president lives and works at the White House, the Capitol is the home of the Congress and the Supreme Court.The Congress of the USA is composed of two houses, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The executive power belongs to the President. There are two main political parties: the Democratic and the Republican.
The USA is highly developed industrial country. It has coal, iron, oil and natural gas. The heavy industries are in Detroit and Chicago. Also highly developed industries are automobile industry, machine building and shipbuilding.
New York is situated at the mouth of the Hudson River. France presented the bronze Statue of Liberty to the US in 1886 in the 100th anniversary of American independence. New York is a center of finance, a city of skyscrapers. The highest of them is the Empire State Building. It has 102-storey; its height is 380 m.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
I. Where is the USA situated? 2. What is the capitol? 3. How many parties are there in the USA? 4. What are the main cities? 5. Who presented the Statue of Liberty to the USA?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
Reading English books he always makes notes. The boy reading a book is my sister's son. Written with great skill the poem was met very warmly. She is writing a poem now.
| IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке во времени Present Continuous: | 
|
Вариант № 2
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
THE LOCOMOTIVE
The first railway was built between Stockton and Darlington in 1823 by George Stephenson. Stephenson’s most famous engine was the Rocket.
|
|
|
The principle of the locomotive engine is very similar to that of the stationary steam-engine. There are two, three, or four cylinders which are usually carried, two outside and the rest inside the engine frames.
A most important feature of locomotive is the boiler, for the power of the engine depends on the rapid generation of steam. The type of boiler used is the fire-tube boiler. Inside the cylindrical body of the locomotive there are a large number of small tubes through which pass the flames and smoke from the fire. The tubes are surrounded by water. In this way a very large heating surface is obtained and steam is generated as rapidly as possible.
An electric locomotive is a locomotive powered by electric motors that are supplied with electricity generated by an external source. The locomotive draws current from an overhead wire, a third rail, or an on-board storage device such as a battery.
Diesel locomotives are electric locomotives with an on-board generator powered by a Diesel engine. Diesel and electric locomotives are cleaner, more efficient, and require less maintenance than steam locomotives. By the 1950s, Diesel and electric power had replaced steam power on most of the world's railroads.
In the 20th century airplanes replaced railroads for most long-distance passenger travel, but railroads remain important for hauling freight and for passenger transport in many countries.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Where was the first railway built? 2. When was the first railway built? 3. Whose locomotive won a competition? 4. What is the main feature of locomotive? 5. What is the type of boiler?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
Studying the various phenomena of nature, Newton discovered the law of gravitation. Tim is studying in the next room, don’t disturb him, please! The girl studying here is my sister. This tool is made in our country. Made in Russia the device has become very popular in the world.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке во времени Present Continuous:
|
|
|
|
Вариант № 3
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. The Radio and Television
People who listen to the radio are called listeners, but those who watch the television are called viewers.
The radio has become less important since the invention of the television. People prefer the television to the radio because it shows what is happening. This is especially important with national and international events. People spend a great deal of time watching the television.
Today every home has a television set. When the television had become so popular some people thought the radio would disappear. But this has not happened. Most people have a radio set as well as a television set.
One reason for the popularity of the radio is the invention of the transistor set. These sets can be made so small that they are very easy to carry about.
Many people have their own private transistor sets, and they are especially popular with teenagers (children between the ages of thirteen and nineteen). These little sets can be taken out while travelling or in the car or to work, to the beach. They have in this way brought new life to the radio.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Who are called listeners? 2. Who are called viewers? 3. What is more important - radio or television? 4. What is the reason for the popularity of TV? 5. What is the reason for the popularity of radio?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
He was called last week. He is calling now, wait for a moment, please! Calling her, he forgot to ask the number of her train. The mancalling is Ann’s father.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке, начиная их словами I see … :
|
|
|
|
Вариант № 4
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
We can distinguish three major periods in the evolution of the English language. The first, called Old English, covers the period from the very beginning of the language to about the year 1100; the second, Middle English, from 1100 to 1500; and Modern English from 1500 to the present.
During the Old English period, most additions to the English vocabulary were based on native English words. Old words were given new meanings; new words were formed by the addition of prefixes or suffixes or by compounding. Latin was the most influential foreign language. The Scandinavians also influenced the language spoken in England during the Old English period.
The Middle English period was marked by great extension of foreign influence on English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought England under French rule. French became the language of the upper classes in England. The lower classes continued to speak English, but many French words were borrowed into English. For hundreds of years the ordinary people in England continued to speak their own dialects.
During a period of Modern English, many words were borrowed to it vocabulary from Latin and from Greek, and also from nearly all European languages.
What English do English people speak now? Educated people speak standard English. People with little or no education speak non-standard English. Standard and non-standard English differ in construction, pronunciation and vocabulary.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What periods of English languages do you know? 2. What period does Middle English cover? 3. What foreign language was the most influential? 4. What did the Norman Conquest do to England? 5. What is the difference between standard and non-standard English?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
|
|
|
He is posting a letter now. Posting a letter he forgot to write the adress. A person posting a parcel is our teacher. She has graduated from our college this year.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке (употребите местоимения):
|
Вариант № 5
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. LONDON
The first invaders of the British Isles were the Romans. They called this place Londinium and enclosed it in a wall, parts of which still remain. It was more than two thousand years ago. In time the city developed into a seaport and trading center. By the river Thames various invaders sailed to the place on which present-day London stands. They were Germanic tribes, Angles and Saxons. Normans came to Britain in the 11th century. They built a fortress on the Thames - the Tower of London - to keep the Londoners under control. The Tower became a royal palace, then a political prison and now it is a museum. It still stands there for nearly 1000 years.
The river Thames divides London into two parts. The part of London on the left bank of the Thames consists of the City, the centre of trade and finance, the East End and the West End. The British Government seats at the Houses of Parliament. Its huge clock tower, Big Ben - was built about two centuries ago. In the West End one can see big stores, fine theatres and cinemas, fashionable restaurants and hotels.
The Port of London is in the East End. It is one of the greatest seaports and has the largest system of docks in the world. There is a yearly traffic of 57 million tons of cargo with a movement of more than 30,000 vessels.
Tourists from all over the world like to visit London.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. Who were the first invaders to Britain? 2. What was the first name of the city? 3. Where did the kings of Britain live? 4. What is the finance centre of the city? 5. Where does the British government seats?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
The woman said “Good bye” to the children going to school. “Look at the window: the children are going to school. Going to school be careful in the street! Driven carefully a car moved very slowly. That car is driven by a skilled driver.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке c с оборотом There is … There are …:
|
Вариант № 6
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. GREAT BRITAIN
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Great Britain occupies a large island to the West of Europe. To the east of Great Britain is the North Sea, to the west - the Atlantic Ocean and to the south - the English Channel. The total area of the United Kingdom is 244,000 square kilometres with a population of 57 million.
The climate of the country is mild. The winters are warm, the summers are cool and the weather is very changeable. The seas around the British Isles are always free from ice, even in the coldest winter; therefore all the ports are open all the year round. There are many rivers and beautiful lakes in the country. The rivers in Britain are not long. Many of them are connected by canals.
London is the capital of Britain. It is largest industrial and cultural centre. Its population is about 7 million people. The river Thames divides London into two parts: the West End with the City and the East End. There are many museums and theatres. London is a very old city. London is also a large seaport. Great Britain is not very rich in natural resources and its economy greatly depends on foreign trade.
Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. Shipbuilding, machine building, electronic engineering are the main branches of Great Britain’s industry.
The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy; the present monarch is Queen Elizabeth II. The monarch has very little power and can only reign with the support of Parliament. Parliament consists of the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The head of the British Government is the Prime Minister.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What is the territory of Great Britain? 2. What is the population of Britain? 3. What is the climate of the country? 4. Who is the present monarch? 5. Who is the head of the British Government?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
She is reading English well. Reading new texts he always made notes. A girl reading a book is my daughter. The book is read with great interest.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке, начиная их словами I see …:
|
Вариант № 7
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. The history of communication
Communication is sharing information. People communicate in many ways; they use speech and body language. They also use telephones, fax machines, the internet and letters.
Books are one of the oldest methods of mass communication. Television and the internet are some of the newest. Newspapers and radio are other ways to send information to many people. Satellite television makes worldwide TV broadcasting possible.
In prehistoric times people communicated by sounds and gestures before they developed actual words. Experts who study language think it began as an imitation of sounds in nature.
After language developed, people exchanged news by word of mouth. Runners carried spoken messages over long distances. People used drums, fires and smoke signals to communicate with other people.
Paintings and drawings were the first steps towards a written language. Prehistoric artists used pictures to tell a story, such as the history of a good hunting trip or a violent storm.
The invention of writing meant that people could send messages over long distances without depending on a messenger's memory. Messengers carried letters on foot, on horseback or by ship. Some military leaders used homing pigeons to send messages.
Most people in the Middle Ages could not read so most news spread by word of mouth. Printing was invented in Europe in the 1400s. It quickly became the most important means of mass communication.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. What is communication? 2. What are the oldest and the newest means of communication? 3. How did people in prehistoric times communicate thoughts, feelings and life experience? 4. What changed in the history of mankind with the invention of writing? 5. When and where was printing invented?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
Who is meeting her? Meeting her at the platform he took her luggage. A boy meeting her is her son. She was met with a smile.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке во времени Present Continuous:
|
Вариант № 8
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
I. MOSCOW
Moscow, the capital of our Country, is its largest political, scientific, cultural and industrial centre. It is one of the oldest Russian cities. Moscow was founded in 1147 by Yuri Dolgoruki. The oldest part of Moscow is the Kremlin. The Kremlin is situated on the banks of the Moskva River. The Kremlin and Red Square are the heart of Moscow. Now it is a piece of history, a collection containing masterpieces of Russian architecture and the seat of the country's highest governmental bodies.
On the south side of Red Square is St. Basil's Cathedral, a masterpiece of Russian architecture, built in 1555-60 by Ivan the Terrible to commemorate the conquest of Kazan.
The Tretyakov Gallery is devoted to Russian national art. It dates from 1850 when Pavel Tretyakov started his collection of distinguished Russian paintings.
Moscow became the capital of the young Soviet Republic after the Great October Socialist Revolution. Now its population is over eight million. Moscow is the centre of Russian science and culture. There are many institutes of higher education and secondary specialized schools in Moscow. Moscow University on the Lenin Hills is the heart of our educational system. Moscow is famous for its theatres and museums.
The Moscow Metro is comfortable and rapid. The first line of the Moscow underground was constructed in 1935. Since that time Muscovites have built many new lines and terminals.
II. Ответьте на вопросы:
1. When was Moscow founded? 2. Where is the Kremlin situated? 3. When was the first line of the Moscow underground constructed? 4. Who started the Gallery of Russian national art? 5. What is the heart of our educational system?
III. Подчеркните (только) причастия и переведите предложения на русский язык:
Look at the train: it is moving and you are late. This moving car is the most modern model. Moving with the great speed a car is unable to stop at once.
IV. Составьте 4 предложения по картинке во времени Present Continuous:
|
Вариант № 9
1.Прочитайте и переведите текст на русский язык:
Дата добавления: 2020-11-15; просмотров: 105; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!