Conditionals/Wishes/ Unreal Past

⇐ ПредыдущаяСтр 8 из 8

lf-clause (hypothesis)	Main clause (result clause)	Use

Type 1 real present	Conditionals
	If + any present form Future/Imperative (Present S., Present Cont. can/may/might/must/should or Present Perfect) + bare inf/Present Simple	true or likely to happen in the present or future
	If you play* with matches, you will burn yourself.* If you have taken* the books, you can start working on your essay.* If you see* him, tell him to come immediately.*
Type 2 unreal present	If + Past Simple would/could/might + bare or Past Continuous infinitive	untrue in the present; also used to give advice
	If I were you, I wouldn't feel sorry at all. (advice) If she was working more, she would be paid more. (but she isn't working much - untrue in the present)
Type 3 unreal past	If + Past Perfect or would/could/might + have Past Perfect Continuous + past participle	imaginary situation contrary to facts in the past; also used to express regrets or criticism
	If he had followed* his parents' advice, he wouldn't have lost all his money.*

	Mixed Conditionals

Type 2	lf-clause	Main clause
Type 2	If she was sleeping all day, (She was sleeping all day	she will feel better now. so she feels better now.)	Type 1
Type 2	If I were rich, (I'm not rich If you paid more attention, (You don't pay attention	I would have bought a new car. so I didn't buy a new car.) you wouldn't have made such a mess. so you made a mess.)	Type 3
Type 3	If I had been invited, (I wasn't invited	I would go tonight. so I'm not going tonight.)	Type 2

Wishes Form

Use

I wish (if only) (wish/regret about the present)

+ Past tense

wish/regret about a present situation we want to be different

I wish we were on holiday. (It's a pity we aren't.)

I wish (if only) (wish/regret about the present)

+ could + bare infinitive

wish/regret in the present concerning lack of ability

I wish I could speak French. (but I can't)

I wish (if only) (regret about the past)

+ Past Perfect

regret that something happened or didn't happen in the past

I wish you had listened to me. (but you didn't)

I wish (if only) + subject + would + bare inf wish for a future change (Impossible wish for (a. "wish" and "would" should have unlikely to happen or wish to a future change) a different subject. We never say: express dissatisfaction;

Not: I wish I would, He wishes he would

etc polite request implying b. wish + inanimate subject + would dissatisfaction or lack of is used to express the speaker's hope disappointment or lack of hope

I wish he would stop lying. (But I don't think he will - wish for a future change unlikely to happen.)

I wish they would take this more seriously. (dissatisfaction)

I wish it would stop snowing.(But I'm afraid it won't stop snowing - wish implying disappointment)

I wish you wouldn't throw litter on the floor. (Please, don't throw litter on the floor - request implying

lack of hope)

Unreal Past
Past Simple	Past Perfect
· Conditionals Type 2 (unreal in the present) If I were you, I would leave now. · Wish (present) I wish she worked more efficiently. · I’d rather/sooner sb… (present) I’d rather you left the files here, please. · Suppose/Supposing Suppose you won the lottery, what would you buy? · As if/as though (untrue situation in the present) He acts as if he were a genius. · It’s (about/high) time … It’s about time you learnt to drive.	• Conditionals Type 3 (unreal in the past) If I had known before, I wouldn't have come. • wish (past) /f only he hadn't lied to me. • I'd rather/sooner sb ... (past) I'd rather you had not spoken like that yesterday. • Suppose/Supposing Suppose she hadn't reminded you, would you have remembered? • as if/as though (untrue situation in the past) She looked at me as if she had never seen me before.

had better = should

• I had better + present bare infinitive (present/future reference)

He had better not wait any longer. (= He should not wait any longer.)

• It would have been better if + Past Perfect (past reference). It would have been better if he had

phoned us to tell us not to wait. (= He should have phoned us to tell us not to wait.)

would rather = I'd prefer

• when the subject of would rather is also the subject of the following verb

I'd rather + Present bare Infinitive (present/future reference) Perfect bare infinitive (past reference) I'd rather stay in tonight. I'd rather not have taken the bus, but I had no choice.

• when the subject of would rather is different from the subject of the following verb

I'd rather sb + Past Simple (present/future reference) Past Perfect (past reference) I'd rather you didn't shout so much. I'd rather you had come with me yesterday.

• prefer + gerund/noun + to + gerund/noun (general). I prefer watching TV to reading books.

• prefer + full infinitive + rather than + bare infinitive (general preference)

I prefer to eat what I want rather than count calories.

• would prefer + full infinitive + rather than + bare infinitive (specific preference)

I'd prefer to play football rather than watch it.

• would rather + bare infinitive + than + bare infinitive. I'd rather ski than skate.

APPENDIX 8

Adjectives and adverbs

Order of Adjectives

Opinion

adjectives

Fact Adjectives

noun

size

age

shape

colour

origin

material

Used for/be about

It’s a

lovely

small

old

square

brown

Chinese

wooden

writing

table

Order of Adverbs

subject + verb	place	manner	time
She goes	to the gym	on foot	every day.

subject + verb	manner	place	time
He was working	quietly	in the shed	all day.

Adverbs with two forms and differences in meaning
deep = a long way down deeply = greatly direct = by the shortest route directly = immediately easy = gently and slowly easily = without difficulty free = without cost freely = willingly full = exactly; very fully = completely hard = intently; with effort hardly = scarcely high = at/to a high level highly = after all others lastly = finally	late = not early lately = recently near = close nearly = almost pretty = fairy prettily = in a pretty way short = suddenly shortly = soon sure = certainly surely = without a doubt wide = off-target widely = to a large extent wrong = incorrectly wrongly = unjustly (wrongly goes before verbs/past part. – wrong/wrongly go after verbs)

Types of Comparisons

· as ... (positive degree)... as not so/as ... (positive degree)... as such a(n)/so ...as · twice/three times etc/half as ... (positive degree)... as · the same as · look, sound, smell, taste + like · less ... (positive degree)... than the least ... (positive degree)... of/in · the + comparative ..., the + comparative · comparative + and + comparative · prefer + -ing form/noun + to + -ing form/noun (general preference) · would prefer + to-inf + rather than + inf without to (specific preference) · would rather/sooner + inf without to + than + inf without to clause + whereas/while + clause (comparison by contrast)

He is as handsome as everyone says he is! She isn’t as tall as her sister. Mrs Jones is not so friendly as she looks. She puts four times as much sugar in her tea as me. If he was half as lucky as you, he’d be extremely rich. He has the same views as his father. That dress looks like an old sack. This chocolate has less fat than that one but the Swiss chocolate has the least fat of all. The easier the exam, the higher your marks will be. The more people who use buses, the better it is for the environment. It’s getting colder and colder every day. I prefer eating healthily to eating junk food. Men usually prefer beer to milk. I would prefer to go swimming rather than watch television all day. I’d rather walk than drive. This book says the battle was in 1066, whereas that book says it was in 1166.

Irregular Forms

Adverbs	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
adverbs having the same forms as their adjectives add -er/-est	slow	slower	the slowest
early drops -y and adds -ier/-iest	early	earlier	the earliest
two syllable or compound adverbs take more/most (Compound adverbs are adjectives + -ly. useful - usefully)	often comfortably	more often more comfortably	the most often the most comfortably
Positive	Comparative	Superlative	a) further/farther (adv) =longer (in distance)His office is further/farther away than mine. further (adj) = more I need further information on this b) very + positive degree I'm very happy in my job. c) even/much/far/a bit + comparative degree The working conditions were even worse than we expected. d) most + adj/adv of positive degree = very She was waiting most patiently to see the doctor e)any + comparative (used in negatives and questions)Can't you drive any faster?
good/well bad/badly much many/a lot of little far far	better worse more more less farther further	best worst most most least farthest furthest
Well is the adverb of good. He is a good cook. He cooks well.

APPENDIX 9

Prepositions

Phrasal Words

be about to = (int) be on the point of He was about to leave when the phone rang.

be after = (tr) chase The police were after the thief.

be down with = (tr) be ill with;

go down with John is down with the flu.

be for = (tr) be in favour of (opp: be against) They are (all) for the proposal to build a leisure centre.

be in for = (tr) expect sth usual bad We are in for bad weather.

be off = (tr) be absent from school/work John isn't in his office. He's off for two days.

be on = (tr) be shown on TV, at the cinema/ theatre etc There's a good film on at the Metro.

be out = 1) (int) be unfashionable Long skirts are out this season. 2) (int) (of light/fire) have stopped burning. The fire is out - that's why it's cold in here.

be over = (int) have come to an end The film starts at 8,00 and will be over at 10.00.

be through with = (int) have ended a relationship/ job etc I'm through with Tom; he's so selfish.

be up to = 1) (tr) be capable of Let's take the train I don’t think I’m up to driving so far. 2) (tr) feel like doing sth usu sth wrong The children must be up to something - they're very quiet.

breakdown = 1) (int) (of machinery) stop working The car broke down so we missed the ferry.2)(int) (of a person) lose control of feelings. She broke down when she was told her father was 3)(int) fail (talks/negotiations etc) Negotiations broke down and war was declared. 4) (tr) separate under headings He broke the list down into categories.

break in = (int) enter by force or illegally Burglars broke in and stole my jewellery.

break into = 1) (tr) enter by force He broke into the villa and stole some money. 2) (tr) interrupt He broke into their conversation to ask something.

break off = (tr) end a relationship/agreement Sue broke off her relationship with Jim.

break out = (int) begin suddenly (war etc) War broke out between the two countries

break through = (int) advance (in spite of opposition) The soldiers broke through the enemy lines

break to = (tr) tell (usu bad news) to sb in a kind way He had to break the bad news to John.

break up = 1) (int) stop for holidays (school etc) Schools break up on the 23rd for Christmas. 2) (int) end a relationship Sue and Paul are no longer together; they broke up last week.

bring about = (tr) cause to happen The end of the w ar brought about great changes

bring back = (tr) cause to recall This smell brings back childhood memories.

bring down = (tr) cause to fall me measures brought down the government.

bring forward = (tr) move sth to an earlier date or time The exam date was brought forward by a

bring in = (tr) create profit/money His plan brought in lots of money. bring on = (tr) cause, usu sth unpleasant The damp weather brought on his cold,

bring out = (tr) put on the market The new sham poo will be brought out next March.

bring round = 1) (tr) cause to regain conscious-ness; bring to They poured cold water on his face to bring him round. 2) (tr) persuade; bring over (to) He tried to bring, him round to his point of view.

bring up = 1) (tr) raise a child She was brought up by her grandmother as her parents were abroad. 2) (tr) mention/introduce a subject You shouldn't have brought that matter up in front of everyone.

call for = (tr) need The situation calls for immediate action.

call in = (int) visit briefly She called in last Monday to see our new house.

call off = (tr) cancel The match was called off due to bad weather.

call on sb = (tr) visit formally Our representative will call on your company next Tuesday. call out = (tr) order to come to sb's help All firefighters were called out to save the burning building.

call up = (tr) order to join the army Thousands of young men were called up during World War I.

be carried away = be very excited They were all carried away by his performance

carry off = (tr) handle a difficult situation successfully She carried her speech off well.

carry on (with) = (tr) continue with Carry on with

Your work while I am out

carry out = (tr) conduct an experiment They car-ried out some tests to see the effects of the new drug.

carry through = complete successfully / don't think anyone but Matt can carry this project through.

come across = (tr) find/meet by chance / came across this ring in an antique shop.
come by = (tr) obtain Everybody wonders how he came by so much money.
come down to = (int) be passed on to sb by inheritance This house came down to me after my aunt died.

come down with = (tr) become ill; go down with I'm sure I'm coming down with the flu. come into = (tr) inherit He came into a large sum of money after his grandfather died. come off = (int) succeed Despite all his planning the deal didn't come off.

come out = 1) (int) (of flowers) begin to blossom Roses come out in summer. 2) (int) be published When does her new book come out?

3) (int) (of stains) be able to be removed This wine stain will come out if you let it soak in warm water.
come round = 1) (int) visit casually Come round any time for coffee.

2) (int) recover consciousness To the doctors’ sur-prise the patient came round quickly.

come to = (tr) amount to a total The bill came to ^£50

come up = 1) (int) be mentioned Your name came up in the conversation.

2) (tr) arise; occur Such an opportunity comes up once in a lifetime,

come up to = 1) (tr) approach A strange man came up to me and asked me for money. 2) (tr) equal; be up to (expectations) He failed to come up to his parents' expectations.

come up with = (tr) find (an answer, solution etc) He came up with a brilliant plan to save the company.

cut across = (tr) take a shorter way Cut across this field if you're in a hurry.

cut back (on) = (tr) reduce (expenses, production); cut down on We must cut back on eating out: we just can't afford it

cut in = 1) (int) move suddenly in front of another car A car cut in and forced us to slow down. 2) (int) interrupt Would you mind not cutting in until I've finished speaking?

cut into = (tr) interrupt The children kept cutting into our conversation.

cut off = 1) (tr) disconnect Our electricity was cut off as we didn't pay the bill on time. 2) (tr) isolate (usu places) The flood cut off the vil lage for a week.

cut out = (tr) omit Your article is fine provided you cut out the third paragraph. be cut out for/to be = be suited for (a profession)

I don’t think I’m cut out for teaching /to be a teacher - I haven’t got enough patience.

cut up = (tr) cut into small pieces Cut up the meat for Johnny - otherwise he won't be able to eat it.

do away with = (tr) abolish Most countries have done away with capital punishment.

do down = (tr) speak badly of sb Nobody likes him because he is always doing people down.

do in = (tr) kill He threatened to do her in if she didn't cooperate

do up = (tr) fasten; tie Do up your jacket; it's cold.

do with = (tr) want / could do with a cup of tea.

do without = (tr) live or continue without having sth/sb There’s no Coke left - we'll have to do without.

draw back = 1) (tr) be unwilling to fulfil a promise; pull back Although he had promised to help us, he drew back at the last minute. 2) (int) move away On seeing the snake she drew back in terror.

draw in = (int) (of a bus/train) arrive at a station; pull in The train drew in and the passengers began to get off.

draw out = 1) (tr) encourage sb to be less shy He's very shy; someone should draw him out. 2) (tr) take money out of a bank account He drew out some money to pay his rent.

draw up = 1) (of a vehicle) stop The limo drew up outside the mansion and the millionaire got out. 2) (tr) write out (will, list, contract etc) My grandfather had a solicitor draw up his will last year.

fall apart = (int) come to pieces This book is so old that it's falling apart.

fall back on = turn to sb/sth for help when other plans have failed Keep some money in the bank to fall back on in case something goes wrong.

fall behind = (int) fail to keep up with The compa- ny cancelled my credit card when I fell behind with my payments.

fall for = 1) (tr) fall in love with sb George fell for Mary at first sight. 2) (tr) be deceived Everybody fell for the conman's

fall in = (int) collapse I'm afraid the roof will fall in if an earthquake hits the area. fall in with = (tr) agree with All members of the committee fell in with his suggestion to build a new hospital.

fall into = (tr) 1) bi divided into (categories) This novel falls into the category of historical adven- ture. 2) (tr) begin; enter a state / fell into conversation with an interesting man on the train.

fall on = 1) (tr) attack The raider fell on the policeman. 2) (tr) eat hungrily The children fell on the cake and ate all of it.

fall out (with) = quarrel She fell out with Peter because he came home late. fall through = (int) fail to be completed Our plans fell through due to lack of money,

get across = (tr) successfully communicate ideas The teacher got his message across by using dia- grams and photographs.

get along = (int) continue despite difficulties She is getting along fine despite all her problems.

get along with = (tr) be on friendly terms;

get on with They get along with each other despite their differences.

get at = (int) mean / don’t know what you’re getting

get away with = (tr) escape punishment for a wrongful, illegal act He got away with a fine of only $5.

get back = (tr) recover possession of She managed to get back the ring she hadlost two months before.

get down = 1) (tr) swallow with difficulty I can't get this steak down. It's very tough. 2) (tr) depress This rainy weather gets me down. get down to = (tr) start doing sth seriously It's time you got down to looking for a better job.

get on = 1) (tr) enter (bus, train etc) Get on the bus before it starts. 2) (int) make progress He's getting on well at school.

get on with = (tr) be on good terms with She gets on well with her friend Lucy.

get out = (int) (of news) become known How did the news of his promotion get out?

get over = (tr) recover from He's trying hard to get over the death of his wife.

get round = (tr) persuade; bring round We even tually got him round to our point of view.

get round to (tr) = find time to do sth I haven't got round to writing that letter yet get through = 1) (tr) finish (a piece of work) I've got to get through this chapter before I go out 2) (int) go on living through difficult times How can old people get through the cold winters?

get through to = (tr) reach by phone Did you get through to your dentist or will you call him later? get up = (int) rise from bed What time did you get up today?

Give away = 1) (tr) reveal Promise not to give away my secret

2) (tr) give sth free of charge She gave away most of her clothes to the poor.

give back = (tr) return Give me hack the money or I'll sue you.

give in = (int) surrender; yield He finally gave In and admitted he was wrong.

give off = (tr) emit (smells, heat, fumes etc) The radiators give off lots of heat

give out = 1) (int) come to an end Their supplies gave out halfway through the climb. 2) (tr) distribute They were giving out free samples of the new shampoo at the supermarket.

give up = 1) (tr) abandon an attempt/habit He gave up smoking last year and hasn't smoked since. 2) (tr) surrender The thieves gave themselves up to the police.

go after = (tr) pursue Tne policeman went after the thief and caught him.

go ahead = (int) be allowed to happen Although several members were absent, the board meeting went ahead as planned.

go away = (int) stop; cease If you take an aspirin, your headache will go away.

go back on = (tr) break a promise/agreement. Although he had promised to help us, he went back on his word.

go by = (tr) base one's ideas on You shouldn't go, by what he says - he always exaggerates.

go down with = (tr) become ill John has gone down with the flu.

go for = 1) (tr) attack A big Alsatian went for my little dog. 2) (tr) apply for (a job) Why don’t you go for this marketing job? You may get it.

go in for = (tr) take part in (a competition) She went in for the baking competition and won first prize

go off = 1) (int) explode (bomb) The bomb went off, killing 10 people. 2) ring (alarm) When the alarm went off she woke up and got out of bed. 3) (int) (of food) spoil The milk has gone off; it smells terrible.

go on = 1) (int) continue; carry on Go on, finish what you were saying.

2) (int) happen A large crowd gathered to see what was going on.

go out = (int) stop burning Put some coal on the fire before it goes out. go over = 1) (tr) examine details; go through The police went over/through the evidence many times trying to come up with something. 2) (tr) repeat Go over the details again please. I wasn't following you.

go round = 1) (int) be enough for everyone to have a share There's enough food to go round. 2) (int) (news/disease) spread; iirculate; get round The news went round very quickly.

go through = 1) (tr) experience She went through a painful time when her mother died.2) (int) (of a deal/arrangement) be completed with success Has the sale of your flat gone through yet?3) (tr) discuss in detail They went through his suggestions again before making a decision.

go up = (int) rise (price) The price of cigarettes went up again yesterday.

go with = (tr) match This jumper really goes with your skirt.

go without = (tr) endure the lack of sth; do without Since they had run out of lemonade, they had to go without.

hold back = 1) (tr) control (tears, laughter) She tried to hold hack her tears and not cry in front of her mum. 2) (int) hesitate Don't hold back; take the opportunity while it's there.

hold in = (tr) restrain He held his anger in and didn't shout at the boy. hold off = (int) keep at a distance The police held off the crowd until the troops arrived.

hold on = (int) wait (esp on the phone) Please hold on; Mr Mathews is on the other line.

hold out = 1) (int) last The food supplies won't hold out until Monday so we'll have to find some food before then. 2) (int) persist The miners held out for 18 months before they called off the strike.

hold to = (tr) follow exactly; keep to (a promise etc) Whatever you say, I'll hold to my opinion.

hold up = 1) (tr) delay Sorry we're late; we were held up in traffic.

2) (tr) use violence in order to rob The robbers held up the train and stole £22,000.

keep after = (tr) continue to pursue The police kept after the escaped prisoners until they caught them.

keep away (from) = (tr) stay away Sne had to be kept away from school as she had measles.

keep back = (tr) conceal How did she manage to keep back her true feelings?

keep down = (tr)cause to remain at a lower level The government is trying to keep prices down.

keep in = (tr) make sb stay indoors (as punishment) benches. The paint is wet.

keep on = (int) continue despite difficulties Although he failed his test, he kept on studying and retook it in May.

keep out = (tr) exclude sb/sth He looked the gate to keep out unwanted visitor.

keep up (with) = (tr) stay at the same level as ' sb/sth Despite being ill he kept up with his work and passed the exam.

keep up with = (tr) continue to be informed He reads a newspaper every day to keep up with the news.

let down = 1) (tr) (of clothes) lengthen (opp: take up) I need to let down my skirt; it's too short. 2) (tr) disappoint He let me down by lying to me. let in(to) = allow sb to enter a place They let us into the room after we showed them our invitation card.

let off =(tr) not to punish The policeman let him off without arresting him.

let on = (int) reveal a secret He let on that she had stolen the money.

let out = 1) (tr) release He was let out of prison after 10 years. 2) (tr) (of clothes) make larger (opp: take in) I have to have my trousers let out; I've gained several kilos.

let up = (int) become less strong The boats won't sail until the strong winds let up.

look after = (tr) take care of My mother looks after my son when I'm working.

look back (on) = (tr) consider the past My grandfather looks back on his army days with pleasure.

look down on = (tr) despise (opp: look up to) She looks down on John because he isn't rich.

look forward to = (tr) anticipate with pleasure I'm really looking forward to my brother's wedding.

look in on sb = (tr) pay a short visit to /'// look in on my mother on my way home.

look into = (tr) investigate The police are looking into the case of the^muggled diamonds.

look on = (int)observe' He was just looking on while the other two were playing.

look out = (int) be careful Look out! There's a car coming.

look out for = (tr) be alert in order to see/find sb/ sth When you're cleaning the flat, please look out for my silver earring. I lost it somewhere.

look over = (tr) examine carefully; go through The judge looked over the evidence before pass-ing judgement.

look round = (tr) inspect a place He looked round many houses before he settled on this one.

look through = (tr) look at quickly Look through these books and see if you want any of them.

look up = (tr) look for sth in an appropriate book/list Get the telephone directory and look up the number of the shop.

be made for = suit exactly Buy this dress - it's sim ply made for you. make for = (tr) go towards It's late. Let's make for home as quickly as possible.

make out = 1) (tr) distinguish / car't make out what the name on the bell is. 2) (tr) write out; fill in Please make the cheque out to Norman Brothers Ltd.

make over = (tr) give possession of sth to sb else Before their uncle died he made over his whole estate to them. make up = 1) (tr) invent That is not true; she made the whole thing up. 2) (tr) put cosmetics on She made herself up before she went out. 3) (int) reconcile Thank goodness they've made up after their quarrel.
make up for = compensate The good summer weather is making up for the bad winter.

make up one's mind= decide She can't make up her mind whether to go to Turkey or India.

pass away = (int) die I'm sorry to tell you your aunt passed away last night.

pass off as = (tr) pretend to be sth/sb else successfully She passed herself off as a police officer in order to get into the building.

pass out = (int) lose consciousness He passed out from the fumes, and it took them some time to bring him round.

pay back = 1) (tr) return money owed I promise I’ll pay you back as soon as I get paid. 2) (tr) take revenge on sb / promise I'll pay you back one day for what you did to my family.

pay down = (tr) pay part of the price for sth and the rest over a period of time We paid £100 down and the balance over a period 6 months.

pay for = (tr) receive punishment All criminals should pay for their crimes.

pay off = (tr) pay sb to leave employment They paid off all their senior management in an attempt to restructure the company. pay up = (tr) pay (a debt) in full As I hadn’t paid my monthly instalments the company requested me to pay up the balance.

pull down = (tr) demolish They pulled down the old building as it was dangerous.

pull in= (inf) (of trains) arrive (opp: pull out) The train from Dublin is due to pull in at 5.30 pm.

pull oneself together = bring ones feelings under control Although she was tired, she pulled herself together and continued working.

pull through = (int) succeed despite difficulties ft all employees work harder, the company will definitely pull through.

pull up = stop The jockey pulled the horse up as it had an injured leg.

put aside/by = (tr) save He puts aside £50 amonth for his summer holidays

put across = (tr) communicate successfully; get across/over The lecturer managed to put his ideas across to the audience. put away = 1) (tr) store Put the toys away in the cupboard. We’re expecting guests tonight. 2) (tr) put sb into prison/mental hospital The murderer was put away for 10 years.

put down = 1) (tr) write down; take down Make sure you take down everything said at the meeting. 2) (tr) suppress focibly The police try to put down rio tin at football matches.

put down to = (tr) attribute to She puts her recent success down to hard work and dedication.

put forward = (tr) propose He put forward a new plan to help decrease unemployment.

put off = (tr) postpone The meeting was put off due to the president's illness.

put on = 1) (tr) dress oneself in Put on your coat and come with me. 2) (tr) increase (in weight) He has put on weight since he stopped smoking. 3) (tr) cause to take place (show/performance) They are putting on “My Fair Lady” on Broadway next month.

put out = (tr) extinguish (fire etc) The firefighters put out the fire quickly.2) cause trouble / hope I'm not putting you out by asking you to do this.

be put out = be annoyed She was put out by his bad behaviour.

put through = (tr) connect by phone Can you put me through to Mr Jones, please?

put up = 1) (tr) erect; build They’ve put up a statue in the square. 2) (tr) offer hospitality When you are in town, I'll put you up in my flat. 3) (tr) show in a public place The WWF has put up posters all round the city.

put up with = (tr) tolerate / won't put up with such rude behaviour any longer.

run across/into = (tr) meet/find by chance She ran across an old friend while on holiday. run after = (tr) chase The dog ran after the cat.

run away with = (tr) steal The thieves ran away with £ 15,000,000 from the bank.

run down = 1) (tr) knock down (with a vehicle); run over The old man was run down/over by a bus. 2) (tr) speak badly of sb You shouldn't run down your sister; you've got no reason to criticise her.

run in = (tr) bring a new car engine into full use (by driving it slowly for a set period) I can’t go any faster; I’m running the car in.

run off = (tr) make prints/copies Can you please run off 100 copies for me?

run out of = (tr) no longer have a supply We’ve run out of coffee. Could you buy some when you 90 out?

run through = 1) (tr) use up It's unbelievable; he has run through all his money already. 2) (tr) rehearse, check or revise quickly Let's run through the last scene once more.

run up = (tr) accumulate He ran up a huge debt on his credit card which he couldn't pay off.

run up against = (tr) encounter (difficulties/opposition) He ran up against difficulties when he tried to enter the country without a visa.

see about = (tr) deal with; see to / see about the food if you get the table ready.

see off = (tr) accompany a traveller to his/her plane, train etc When she left for Berlin her parents saw her off at the station.

see out = (tr) accompany sb to the door/exit of a house/building Don't bother to see me out, I can find my own way.

see over = (tr) inspect a place; look round Can I see over the flat before I make my decision?

see through = (tr) not be deceived He was such a poor liar that they saw through him at once.

set about = (tr) begin to do He set about fixing the door while she cleaned the house.

set aside = (tr) save for a special purpose She sets aside£20 a week to buy a car. 2) (tr) stop sfh tor some time; set by She had to set the report aside until she had dealt with the correspondence.

set back = 1) move the hands of a clock /watch to show an earlier time We usually set the clocks back one hour at the beginning of autumn. 2) (tr). hinder The fire has set our plans back.

set in= (int) (of weather) start and seem likely to continue The rain seems to have set in.

set off/out = (int) start a journey We'll set off/out for the airport at 6 am. set on = (tr) (cause to) attack He threatened to set the dogs on us if we didn't leave.

set sb up = (tr) cause sb to receive blame Although he knew someone had set him up, he couldn't prove it.

set to = (int) begin working hard Get the duster and set to; there's lots of work to do before our visitors arrive.

set up = 1) (tr) start a business He left his job to set up his own business 2) (tr) establish (a record etc) He set up a new record time for the men's championship.

stand by = 1) (tr) support sb, esp in difficulties / stand by you, whatever happens. 2) (int) be ready for action The army was standing by in case war broke out.

stand for = 1) (tr) represent Do you know what UFO stands for? 2) (tr) tolerate; put up with We won’t stand for his , rude behaviour any longer. stand in for = (tr) replace sb temporarily Since John is ill I’ll stand in for him tonight at work.

stand out = (int) be noticeable She really stands out wearing that pink suit.

stand up = 1) (int) rise to one's feet Stand up and come over here. 2) (tr) fail to meet We were supposed to meet at 11.00 but he stood me up.

stand up for = (tr) support You ought to stand up for your friends when people criticise them.

stand up to = (tr) resist The building has been reinforced to stand up to earthquakes.

take after = (tr) resemble She takes after her mother. She looks and acts just like her.

take away = (tr) remove May I take away the dirty dishes now?

take back = (tr) apologise He took back his remarks about her cooking because she was obviously upset.

take for = (tr) identify wrongly Sorry, I took you for your brother. I always mix you up.

take in = 1) (tr) give accommodation Seaside villagers often take in tourists as paying guests. 2) (tr) make clothes narrower (opp: let out) Now that I've lost weight I should take my clothes in. 3) (tr) fully understand Did you take in what I said or should I repeat it?

take off = 1) (tr) remove clothes (opp: put on) Take off this dirty dress and I'll wash it for you. 2) (int) (of planes) leave the ground (opp: come down) We saw the plane take off and disappear
into the clouds. 3) (tr) imitate He's good at taking off famous people. 4) (tr) (of time) take time as a holiday He took three days off work to go and see his parents.
take on = 1) (tr) undertake work/responsibility He took on an extra class as the previous teacher had quit. 2) (tr) employ They decided to take on two extra assistants during the Christmas rush.

take out = 1) (tr) remove The dentist took out my bad tooth. 2) (tr) clean (mark, dirt) Use this spray to take out the stain.

take over = (tr) gain control of sth She’ll take over the company when her father retires.

take to = 1) (tr) begin a habit I don’t know why she’s taken to biting her nails. 2) (tr) like She has really taken to her nephew and always buys him expensive presents.

take up = 1) (tr) begin a hobby, sport, job When he retired, he took up sailing as a hobby. 2) (tr) fill (time, space) This sofa takes up most of the living room.

be taken aback = be strongly surprised We were taken aback when they said they were getting married. No one expected it.

be taken in = (tr) be deceived She was taken in by the conman and bought a fake insurance policy.

turn away = (tr) refuse admittance They tried to enter the pub but they were turned away at the door.

turn down = 1) (tr) refuse an offer He proposed to her but she turned him down. 2) (tr) reduce loudness (opp: turn up) Could you turn down the radio a little? I can't hear him on the phone.

turn in = 1) (int) go to bed Its late and I’m tired. I’d better turn in. 2) (tr) give to the police They turned the fugitive in to the police.

turn off = (tr) switch off (opp: turn on) Turn off the oven before you leave.

turn out = 1) (tr) produce Our factory turns out 100 cars a day. 2) (int) prove to be He turned out to be the onewho had stolen the money.

turn over = (int) turn to a new page; change the TV channel Now children, turn over to the next page.

turn to = 1) (tr) go to sb for help/advice When I’m in trouble I always turn to my brother. 2) (tr) begin (a way of life or doing sth) Why did he turn to drinking in the first place?

turn up = 1) (int) arrive or appear (unexpectedly) He finally turned up at the meeting an hour late. 2) (int) (of an opportunity) arise When a better job turned up she seized the chance and applied for it.

wear away = (tr) (of wood/stone) reduce gradually We couldn't make out the names on the gravestone because the letters had been completely worn away.

wear down = (tr) reduce opposition gradually A few weeks in solitary confinement will wear down the prisoner's resistance.

wear off = (int) stop gradually Your nervousness will wear off when the exams are over. wear out = 1) (tr) exhaust I’ve worked so hard today, I’m worn out. 2) (int) use until no longer serviceable We’ll have to replace this plug - it is completely worn out.

work on = (tr) have an effect on We have to check this new drug to see how it works on animals. work out = 1) (tr) find a solution to a problem by reasoning or calculation I'm sure we can work out ,our problems if we talk about them. 2) (int) develop successfully I hope things will work out well for you in your new job.

work up = (tr) develop I’ve been walking all day so I’ve worked up a really good appetite.

Verbs, Adjectives			Nouns with Prepositions	appeal to/against (v)
				apply to sb for sth (v)
abide by (v)			afraid of (adj)	approve of (v)
absent from (adj)			agree to/on sth (v)	argue with sb about sth (v)
abstain from (v)			agree with sb (v)	arrest sb for sth (v)
accompanied by			ahead of (prep)	arrive at (a small place) (v)
(adj)			aim at (v)	arrive in (a town) (v)
according to (prep)			allergic to (adj)	ashamed of (adj)
account for (v)			amazed at/by (adj)	ask for (v) (but: ask sb a question)
accuse sb of (v)			amount to (v)	assure (sb) of (v)
accustomed to (adj)			amused at/with (adj)	astonished at/by (adj)
A acquainted with (adj)			angry at what sb does (adj)	attached to (adj)
addicted to (adj)			angry with sb about sth (adj)	attack on (n)
adequate for (adj)			angry with sb for doing sth (adj)	attend to (v)
adjacent to (adj)			annoyed with sb about sth (adj)	(un) aware of (adj)
advantage of (n)			(in) answer to (n)
(but: there's an advantage			anxious about sth (adj)
in - (have) an advantage			(be) anxious for sth to happen (adj)
over sb)			apologise to sb for sth (v)	boast about/of (v)
advice on (n)			(make an) appeal to sb for sth (n)	bored with/of (adj)
bad at (adj) (but: He was very bad to me.)			benefit from (v)	borrow sth from sb (v)
			bet on (v)	brilliant at (adj)
base on (v)			beware of (v)	bump into (v)
B basis for (n)			(put the) blame on sb (n)	busy with (adj)
beg for (v)			blame sb for sth (v)
begin with (v)			blame sth on sb (v)
believe in (v)				consist of (v)
belong to (v)				contact between (n) (but: in
call at/on (phr v)			collaborate with (v)	contact with)
call for (= demand) (phr v)			collide with (v)	content with (adj)
campaign against/for (v)			comment on (v)	contrary to (prep)
capable of (adj)			communicate with (v)	contrast with (v)
care about (v)			compare with (v) (how people and	contribute to (v)
care for sb (v) (= like)			things are alike and how they are	convert to/into (v)
(take) care of (n)			different)	cope with (v)
care for sth (v) (= like to			compare to (v) (show the likeness	correspond to/with (v)
do sth)			between sb/sth and sb/sth else)	count against (v)
careful of (adj)			comparison between (n)	count on sb (phr v)
careless about/with (adj)			complain of (v) (= suffer from)	cover in/with (v)
cause of (n)			complain to sb about sth (v)	covered in/with (adj)
certain of (adj)			(= be annoyed at)	crash into (v)
C change into (v)			compliment sb on (v)	(have) a craving for sth (n)
characteristic of (n/adj)			comply with (v)	crazy about (adj)
charge for (v)			conceal sth from sb (v)	crowded with (adj)
charge sb with (v)			concentrate on (v)	cruel to (adj)
cheque for (n)			(have) confidence in sb (n)	cruelty towards/to (n)
choice between/of (n)			confine to (v)	cure for (n)
clever at (adj) (but: It			confusion over (n)	curious about (adj)
was very clever of			congratulate smb on sth (v)	cut into (phr v) (= interrupt sb/a
you to buy it.)			connection between (n)	conversation)
close to (adj)			(but: in connection with)
coax smb into (v)			conscious of (adj)
coincide with (v)			connect to/with (v)
	damage to (n)	depend on/upon (v)		discharge sb from (v)
	date back to (v)	dependent on (adj)		discouraged from (adj)
	date from (v)	deputise for (v)		discussion about/on (n)
	deal with (v)	descended from (adj)		disgusted by/at (adj)
	dear to (adj)	describe sb/sth to sb else (v)		dismiss from (v)
	decide on/against (v)	description of (n)		dispose of (v)
	decrease in (n)	die of/from (v)		disqualified from (adj)
	dedicate to (v)	die in an accident (v)		dissatisfied with (adj)
	deficient in (adj)	differ from (v)		distinguish between (v)
	definition of (n)	(have) difference between/of (n)		divide between/among (v)
	delay in (n)	different from (adj)		divide into/by (v)
	delight in (v)	difficulty in/with (n)		do sth about (v)
	delighted with (adj)	disadvantage of (n) (but: there’s a disadvantage in doing sth)		doubtful about (adj)
	demand for (n)			dream about (v)
	demand from (v)	disagree with (v)		dream of (v) (= imagine)
	depart from (v)	disappointed with/about (adj)		dressed in (adj)
	departure from (n)	disapprove of (v)
	eager for (adj)	equal to (adj)		exempt from (adj)
	economise on (v)	escape from/to (v)		expel from (v)
	efficient at (adj)	example of (n)		experienced in (adj)
	(put) effort into sth (n)	excellent at (adj)		experiment on/with (v)
	emphasis on (n)	exception to (n)		expert at/in (sth/doing sth) (n) ,
	engaged to sb/in sth (adj)	(make an exception of sth/sb =		(= person good at)
	engagement to sb (n)	treat sth/sb as a special case		expert at/in/on (sth/doing sth) (adj)
	enter into (= start) (v)	take exception to sth = object to		(= done with skill or involving great
	enthusiastic about (adj)	sth)		knowledge)
	envious of (adj)	exchange sth for sth else (v)		expert with sth (n) (= good at using sth)
		excited about (adj)		expert on (n) (= person knowl-
		exclaim at (v) excuse for (n) excuse sb for (v)		edgeable about a subject)
	face up to (phr v)	familiar with (= have knowledge of)		forget about (v)
	fail in an attempt (v)	(adj)		forgive sb for (v)
	fail to do sth (v)	famous for (adj)		fortunate in (adj)
	failure in (an exam) (n)	fed up with (adj)		friendly with/to (adj)
	failure to (do sth) (n)	fill sth with sth else (v)		frightened of (adj)
	faithful to (adj)	finish with (v)		full of (adj)
	fall in (n)	fire at (v)		furious with sb about/at sth (adj)
	familiar to sb (= known to sb) (adj)	flee from (v)
		fond of (adj)
	generosity to/towards (n)	good at (adj) (but: He was very good to me.)		guess at (v)
	genius at (n)			guilty of (adj) (but: he felt guilty
	glance at (v)	grateful to sb for sth (adj)		about his crime)
	glare at (v)	grudge against (n)
	happen to (v)	hear of (v) (= learn that sth or sb		hope for (v)
	happy about/with (adj)	exists)		hope to do sth (v)
	harmful to (adj)	heir to (n)		(no) hope of (n)
	hear about (v) (= be told)	hinder from (v)		hopeless at (adj)
	hear from (v) (= receive a letter)	hint to sb about sth (v) (but: hint at sth)

	Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns with Prepositions
	idea of (n)			increase in (n)		intent on (adj)
	identical to (adj)			independent of (adj)		(have no) intention of (n)
	ignorant of/about (adj)			indifferent to (adj)		interest in (n)
	ill with (adj)			indulge in (v)		interested in (adj)
	impact on (n)			inferior to (adj)		interfere with/in (v)
I	impressed by/with (adj)			information about/on (n)		invasion of (n)
	(make an) impression on			(be) informed about (adj)		invest in (v)
	sb(n)			inoculate against (v)		invitation to (n)
	improvement in/on (n)			insist on (v)		invite sb to (v)
	incapable of (adj)			insure against (v)		involve in (v)
	include in (v)			intelligent at (adj)		irritated by (adj)
J	jealous of (adj)			join in (v)		joke about (v)
	knock at/on (v)			keen to do sth (adj)		key to (n)
K	know about/of (v)			kind to (adj)		knowledge of (n)
	keen on sth (adj)
	lack in (v)			leave for (v) (= head for)		long for (v)
	lack of (n)			lend sth to sb (v)		look after (phr v) (= take care of)
L	laugh at (v)			listen to (v)		look at (v)
	lean on/against (v)			live on (v)		look for (= search for) (phr v)
	married to (adj)			mean to (adj)		mistake sb for (v)
M	marvel at (v)			mention to (v)		mix with (v)
	name after (v)			nervous about (adj)		nominate sb (for/as sth) (v)
	necessary for (adj)			new to (adj)		(take) (no) notice of (n)
N	need for (n)			nice to (adj)		notorious for doing sth (adj)
	neglect of (n)
	obedient to (adj)			obvious to (adj)		operate on (v)
	object to (v)			occur to (v)		opinion of/on (n)
0	objection to (n)			offence against (n)		opposite of/to (n)
	obliged to sb for sth (adj)
	part with (v)			pleased with (adj)		(take) pride in (n)
	patient with (adj)			(take) pleasure in (n)		pride oneself on sth/on doing (v)
	pay by (cheque) (v)			(have the) pleasure of (n)		prohibit sb from doing sth (v)
	pay for (v) (but: pay a bill)			point at/to (v)		prone to (adj)
	pay in (cash) (v)			(im)polite to (adj)		protect against/from (v)
	peculiar to (adj)			popular with (adj)		protection from (n)
P	persist in (v)			praise sb for (v)		protest about/at (v)
	(but: insist on)			pray for sth/sb (v)		proud of (adj)
	(take a) photograph of (n)			prefer sth to sth else (v)		provide sb with (v)
	picture of (n)			(have a) preference for (n)		punish sb for (v)
	pity for (n)			prepare for (v)		puzzled about/by (adj)
	take pity on sb (exp)			present sb with (v)
	pleasant to (adj)			prevent sb from (v)
Q	quarrel about sth/with sb			qualified for (adj)		quotation from (n)
	*(v/n)*			quick at (adj)
	Verbs, Adjectives, Nouns with Prepositions
	idea of (n)			increase in (n)		intent on (adj)
	identical to (adj)			independent of (adj)		(have no) intention of (n)
	ignorant of/about (adj)			indifferent to (adj)		interest in (n)
	ill with (adj)			indulge in (v)		interested in (adj)
	impact on (n)			inferior to (adj)		interfere with/in (v)
I	impressed by/with (adj)			information about/on (n)		invasion of (n)
	(make an) impression on			(be) informed about (adj)		invest in (v)
	sb(n)			inoculate against (v)		invitation to (n)
	improvement in/on (n)			insist on (v)		invite sb to (v)
	incapable of (adj)			insure against (v)		involve in (v)
	include in (v)			intelligent at (adj)		irritated by (adj)
J	jealous of (adj)			join in (v)		joke about (v)
	knock at/on (v)			keen to do sth (adj)		key to (n)
K	know about/of (v)			kind to (adj)		knowledge of (n)
	keen on sth (adj)
	lack in (v)			leave for (v) (= head for)		long for (v)
	lack of (n)			lend sth to sb (v)		look after (phr v) (= take care of)
L	laugh at (v)			listen to (v)		look at (v)
	lean on/against (v)			live on (v)		look for (= search for) (phr v)
	married to (adj)			mean to (adj)		mistake sb for (v)
M	marvel at (v)			mention to (v)		mix with (v)
	name after (v)			nervous about (adj)		nominate sb (for/as sth) (v)
	necessary for (adj)			new to (adj)		(take) (no) notice of (n)
N	need for (n)			nice to (adj)		notorious for doing sth (adj)
	neglect of (n)
	obedient to (adj)			obvious to (adj)		operate on (v)
	object to (v)			occur to (v)		opinion of/on (n)
0	objection to (n)			offence against (n)		opposite of/to (n)
	obliged to sb for sth (adj)
	part with (v)			pleased with (adj)		(take) pride in (n)
	patient with (adj)			(take) pleasure in (n)		pride oneself on sth/on doing (v)
	pay by (cheque) (v)			(have the) pleasure of (n)		prohibit sb from doing sth (v)
	pay for (v) (but: pay a bill)			point at/to (v)		prone to (adj)
	pay in (cash) (v)			(im)polite to (adj)		protect against/from (v)
	peculiar to (adj)			popular with (adj)		protection from (n)
P	persist in (v)			praise sb for (v)		protest about/at (v)
	(but: insist on)			pray for sth/sb (v)		proud of (adj)
	(take a) photograph of (n)			prefer sth to sth else (v)		provide sb with (v)
	picture of (n)			(have a) preference for (n)		punish sb for (v)
	pity for (n)			prepare for (v)		puzzled about/by (adj)
	take pity on sb (exp)			present sb with (v)
	pleasant to (adj)			prevent sb from (v)
Q	quarrel about sth/with sb			qualified for (adj)		quotation from (n)
	*(v/n)*			quick at (adj)
Verbs, Adjectives,			Nouns with Prepositions		■ a
R		rave about (v) react to (v) reaction to (n) ready for (adj) reason for (n) reason with (v) rebel against (v) receive from (v) (keep) a record of (n) recover from (v) reduction in (n) refer to (v) (in/with) reference to (n) refrain from (v) regard as (v)	regardless of (prep) related to (adj) relationship between (n) (but: a relationship with sb) relevant to (adj) rely on (v) remind sb of/about (v) remove from (v) replace sth with sth else (v) reply to (n/v) report on (n/v) reputation for/of (n) research on/into (n) respect for (n) respected for (adj)		respond to (v) responsiblity for (n) responsible for (adj) result from (v) (= be the consequence of) result in (v) (= cause) result of (n) resulting from (adj) rhyme with (v) rich in (adj) (get) rid of (phr) rise in (n) (make) room for (n) rude to (adj) run into (phr v)
s		safe from (adj) same as (adj) satisfied with/by (adj) save sb from (v) scared of (adj) search for (v/n) (be) in search of (n) sensible of sth (adj) (= aware of sth) sensitive to (adj) sentence sb to (v) separate from (v) serious about (adj) share in/of sth (n) shelter from (v) shocked at/by (adj) shoot at (v) short of (adj) shout at (v)	shy of (adj) sick of (adj) silly to do sth (adj) (but: it was silly of him) similar to (adj) skilful/skilled at (adj) slow in/about doing sth/to sth (adj) smell of (n/v) smile at (v) solution to (n) sorry about (adj) (= feel sorry for sb) (but: I’m sorry for doing sth) speak to/with sb about (v) specialise in (v) specialist in (n) spend money on sth (v) spend time in/doing sth (v) split into/in (v) spy on (v)		stand for (phr v) stare at (v) strain on (n) subject to (adj/v) submit to (v) (but: submit sth for publication) subscribe to (v) succeed in (v) suffer from (v) sufficient for sth/sb (adj) superior to (adj) sure of/about (adj) surprised at/by (adj) surrender to (v) surrounded by (adj) suspect sb of (v) suspicious of (adj) sympathetic to/towards (adj) sympathise with (v)
T		take sth to sb/sth (v) talent for sth (n) talk to sb about sth (v) (have) taste in (n) taste of (v) terrible at (adj) terrified of (adj)	thank sb for (v) thankful for (adj) think about/of (v) threat to sb/sth/of sth (n) threaten sb with sth (v) throw at (v) (in order to hit) throw to (v) (in order to catch)		tire of (v) tired of (adj) (= fed up with) translate from ... into (v) tread on (v) trip over (v) trouble with (n) typical of (adj)
U		unaware of (adj) understanding of (n)	uneasy about (adj) upset about/over sth (adj)		(make) use of (n) used to (adj)
V		valid for (length of time) (adj)	valid in (places) (adj) value sth at (v)		vote against/for (v) vouch for (v)
w		wait for (v) warn sb against/about/of (v) waste (time/money) on (v)	weak in/at (adj) wink at (v) wonder about (v) worry about (v)		worthy of (adj) write to sb (v) wrong about (adj)

	at the age of	at first hand	at peace/war
	at the airport	at first sight	at present
	at an auction	at a glance	at a profit
	at the beginning of (when	at a guess	at the prospect
	sth started) (but: in the beginning = originally)	at hand	at random
		at heart	at any rate
	at one's best	at home	at one's request
	at breakfast/lunch etc	at/in a hotel	at the same time
	at the bottom of	at... km per hour	at school
	at the bus stop	at large	at sea
	at church	at last	at the seaside
	at the corner/on the corner	at the latest	at short notice
At	at all costs	at least	at/in the station
	at the crossroads	at length	at sunset
	at dawn	at liberty	at the table
	at one's desk	at a loss	at the time
	at the door	at the match	at times
	at ease	at midnight	at the top of (but: on top of)
	at the end (= when sth is finished) (but: in the end= finally; at all events)	at the moment	at university
		at most	at the weekend
		at night (but: in the night)	at work
	at fault	at noon	at 23 Oxford St.
	at first	at once
	by accident	by correspondence	by nature
	by all accounts	by day/night	by now
	by appointment	by degrees	by oneself
	by the arm/hand	by the dozen	by order of
	by auction	by far	by phone
	by birth	by force	by post/airmail
	by bus/train/plane/	by hand	by profession
	helicopter/taxi/ coach/	by heart	by request
By	ship/boat/sea/air/car etc	by invitation	by (the/one's) side
	(but: on a/the bus/plane/ train/coach/ship/boat	by land/sea/air	by sight
		by law	by surprise
	in a taxi/car/helicopter/	by luck	by the time
	plane)	by marriage	by the way
	by chance	by means of	by oneself
	by cheque	by mistake	by one's watch
	for ages	for hire	for safe keeping
	for breakfast/lunch/dinner	for keeps	for one's sake
	for certain	for instance	for the sake of
	for a change	for luck	for sale (= to be sold)
For	for ever	for life	for short
	for fear (of)	for love	for the time being
	for fun (= for amusement)	for nothing	for a visit/holiday
	for good	for once	for a walk
	for granted	for the rest of	for a while

In	in action in addition to (+ -ing form) in advance (of) in agreement (with) in aid of in all (= all in all) in answer to in an armchair in a bad temper in bed in the beginning (= originally) in blossom in a book in brief in any case in cash in the centre of in charge (of) in cities in code in colour in comfort	in future in gear in general in good time in half in hand in haste in good/bad health in hiding in honour of in the hope of in hospital in a hotel in a hurry in ink/pencil/pen in sb's interest in length/width etc in all sb's life in the limelight in a line in the long run in love (with) in luxury in the meantime	in person in pieces in place of in politics in pounds in practice/theory in principle in prison in private/public in all probability in progress in a queue in reality in return in the right/wrong in a row/rows in ruins in safety in season in secret in self-defence in short in sight (of) in the sky
	in common in comparison with in conclusion (to) in (good/bad) condition in confidence in control (of) in the country in danger in the dark in debt in demand in detail (be) in difficulty in the direction of in doubt in a... dress in due course in the end (= finally) in exchange for in existence in fact in fashion in favour of/with in flames in the flesh in focus in one's free time in full swing in fun	in a mess in the middle of in a mirror in moderation in a moment in a good/bad mood in the mood in the morning in mourning in name only (= not in reality) in need of in the news in a newspaper in the name of (= on behalf of) in the nick of time in the north/south in a nutshell in oils in the open in one's opinion in orbit in order of/to in other words in pain in pairs in the park in particular in the past	in some respects in stock in the streets in succession in the suburbs in the sun/shade in good/bad taste in tears in theory in a tick in time in no time in touch in town in tune (with) in turn in two/half in uniform in use in vain in view of in a loud/low voice in a way (= in a manner) in the way in writing in a word

Prepositional Phrases
	on account of	on duty	on order
	on a... afternoon/	on earth	on the outskirts
	evening	on edge	on one's own
	on the agenda	on an expedition	on page ...
	on the air	on a farm (but: in a field)	on parade
	on approval	on fire	on the pavement
	on arrival	on the (4th) floor (of)	on the phone
	on average	on the floor	on a platform
	on bail	on foot	on principle
	on balance	on the one hand	on purpose
On	on the beach	on the other hand	on the radio/TV
	on behalf of	on holiday	on the right
	on one's birthday	on horseback	on the River Seine
	on board	on impulse	on sale (sold at reduced price)
	on the border	on the increase	(but: for sale = to be sold)
	on business	on an island (but: in the	on schedule
	on call	mountains)	on the screen
	on a campsite (at a	on a journey	on second thoughts
	campsite)	on one's knees	on sight
	on the coast	on leave	on the sofa
	on condition	on the left	on this street/on the street(s)
	on the contrary	on loan	on strike
	on credit	on the market (= available to the	on good/bad terms
	on a cruise/excursion/	public)	on time
	trip/tour	on one's mind	on top of
	on (a...) day	on that morning	on the trail of
	on demand	on the move	on a trip
	on a diet	on New Year's Day	on the way (to) (= as I was going)
	on the dole	on the news	on the whole
	out of breath	out of focus	out of reach
	out of character	out of hand	out of season
	out of condition	out of luck	out of sight
	out of control	out of order	out of step
	out of danger	out of the ordinary	out of stock
Out of	out of date	out of place	out of tune
	out of debt	out of practice	out of turn
	out of doors	out of print	out of use
	out of fashion	out of the question	out of work
Off	off the air	off the map	off the record
	off colour	off the peg	off the road
	off duty off limits	off the point	off school/work
	under age	under discussion	under pressure
Under	under arrest	under the impression	under repair
	under one's breath under control	under orders	under the weather

Against	against the law
Ahead	ahead of schedule, ahead of one's time
Before	before long
Behind	behind schedule, behind the times
From	from time to time, from now on, from experience, from memory, from scratch
Into	into pieces
To	to one's astonishment, to one's surprise, to this day, to some extent
With	with regard to, with a view to (+ -ing form)
Within	within minutes
Without	without delay, without fail, without success, without warning

Prepositions	of Time
AT	IN	ON
at 10.30 at Christmas/Easter at noon/night/midnight at lunch/dinner/breakfast (time) at that time at the moment at the weekend (on the weekend: Am. English)	in the morning/evening/afternoon/night in the Easter/Christmas holiday(s) in January (months) in (the) winter (seasons) in 1992 (years) in the 19th century in two hours (two hours from now)	on Monday on Easter Sunday etc on Christmas Day on Friday night on July 30th on a summer afternoon on that day
We never use at, in or on before	yesterday, tomorrow, next, this, last, every.	He's coming next Monday.

Библиографический список

Дата добавления: 2019-02-12; просмотров: 1864; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы!

Поделиться с друзьями:

⇐ Предыдущая 1 2 3 4 5 6 78

Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!