C) Common knowledge for the participants of the communicative act
20. Chose lexical translator’s transformations from the list:
a) Zero translation
B) Descriptive translation
c) Expansion
21. Chose syntactical translator’s transformations from the list:
a) Transcription
B) Inversion
c) Conversion
22. Chose Grammatical translator’s transformations from the list:
A) Assimilation
b) Omission
C) Antonymic translation
23. Identify which type of grammatical transformation is used in the following example: He was eager to start climbing – Емунетерпелосьначатьподъем
a) Functional substitution
b) Full translation
C) Antonymic translation
24. Identify which type of syntactical transformation is used in the following example:for a short time - ненадолго
A) Omission
b) Inversion
c) Expansion
25. Identify which type of lexical transformation is used in the following example:head of the government – главаправительства
a) Generalization
B) Loan translation
c) Functional change
26. Descriptive translationis used when:
a) Other ways are impossible due to lack of analogy or equivalent in the target language (play of words, proverbs, sayings, slang, jargon, etc.)
b) Units of the source language are not adopted yet by the target language
c) There is a need to explain the denotative meaning
27. Full translation is used:
A) in case of complete similarity of grammatical forms, their meaning and function
b) in case, when the grammatical form in the source and target languages coincide, but the is a difference in the explication of the elements of content
c) in case, when one grammatical form can have several content functions, different in the source and target languages
28. Transcription represents:
A) the phonetic form (sound structure) of the word from the source language by phonetic means of the target language
b) the graphic form of the word from the source language by means of the alphabet of the target language
c) the component composition of a word or word combination of the source language by the corresponding elements of the target language
29. Evaluation connotation (emphatic/neutral) is based upon:
a) logic development of the meaning of the source unit
b) changing the broad meaning of the source unit into a specified meaning of the target unit
C) socio-linguistic factors such as different emotional coloring of the information in different cultures
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30. Concrete definition (specification) is used when:
a) The original meaning is redundant in the given context, or an expanded meaning is preferable from the stylistic point of view
B) The source unit strongly depends on the context
c) The complete change of the original source language form of the unit due to incompatibility of languages is used
31. Nationally biased units of lexicon are translated with the help of:
a) Transcription or Transliteration
b) Descriptive Explaining
c) Word-for-Word or Loan Translation
32. Which way of translation of nationally biased units of lexicon is used in the following example:well done – молодцы!
a) Loan translation
B) Semantic Analogy
c) Descriptive translation
33. Name the preferable way of translating neologisms:
a) Transcription
b) Descriptive translation
C) Functional substitutions
34. Identify the following archaisms: град-город, злато-золото, персты-пальцы as:
a) Stylistic
B) Historical
c) Archaisms proper
35. What is the best way to translate speaking names:
a) Transcription
b) Transliteration
C) Analogy
36. Which way of translation of proper names is used in the following example: Mayflower Restaurant- РесторанМэйфлауэр:
a) Transcription
b) Semantic translation
C) Combination of both
37. The present names “translation” and “translator” appeared in:
A) 15 c.
b) Ancient times
c) 12 c.
38. Context is understood as:
A) Explicit information
b) Implicit information
c) General information
39. Chose the name of the scholar, who divided correspondences between lexical units of source text and target text into equivalents, analogies and adequate changes:
a) V. Vinogradov
b) V. Komissarov
C) Ya. Retsker
40. Onomastic realia (nationally biased vocabulary) is a word denoting:
a) Ethnic and social communities
B) Place names (toponyms)
c) Names of animals
41. Associative realia (nationally biased vocabulary ) is a word denoting:
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a) Vegetative symbols
b) Language allusions
c) Folklore, historical and literary allusions
42. What are the challenges of identifying phraseological units in the text?
a) Double meaning
b) Expressiveness
c) National and cultural coloring
43. While translating phraseological units it is necessary to consider:
a) Linguistic factors
b) Extra-linguistic factors
c) Genre peculiarities
44. What is the best translation of the idiom « яваснаумнаставлю»:
a) I’ll teach you
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