This icon is very popular . you can see the same image in many Russian churches
Лекция
Shall we go on. welcome to the next room and to the next century.
You can see very big icons here. and the interesting thing is that finally you can see the name of the painter-Andrei (Andrew) Rublev.They did not know the names of icon painters before Andrew Rublev, who was a monk and lived in Moscow in the 15th century. They believed that an icon painter was not a human being, it was god using an icon painter’s hand.
Andrew Rublev
was an outstanding master, he was so talented, that was canonized not long time ago. We do not know too much about his life. He worked at the Annunciation Cathedral in Moscow and at the St Trinity Monastery in Sergiev Posad near Moscow. He painted the frescoes and icons in the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir. If you`d like to see more of his icons welcome to Moscow. Here we have only 2.
“Icons of Apostle Peter and Apostle Paul”
They were taken from the Cathedral of Assumption in Vladimir. And their original place was above the Holy door.
That’s the second tier or Deesis tier.
The icons are big and the figures are very tall. If you bend a little bit and look at them, you can see that in this way they look more attractive. Mr Rublev was so talented that he created the icons keeping in mind that they were to be placed pretty high above. And then the proportions would be absolutely correct. Thats why there are no tiny details. Who can notice the details if the icons are few meters above!
Speakimg about the colour scheme, I`d like to ask you to use your imagination. The icons were much brighter ( paints faded with the time ) The colours were more tender.
We were talking about the 15th cen. And now welcome to the 16th cen.
След зал- У троицы при входе слева –стоять нельзя
Now we re going to see the creation of another icon painter whose name is Dionysius (`дио`нисиус)
That`s another type of an icon representing God`s mother –it is called “ The mother of God Hodegetria” (Одигитрия) which means leading the way.
Shall we compare this icon with the icons of the 13 th cen that we have already seen.
1)The paints are much brighter, that’s the begging of the 16th cent. The newer the icon is, the brighter the colors are.
2) We also know the name of the icon painter, who was not a monk. ( Dionysius )
3)JC, his pose, as well as the whole composition look very different. Christ and his mother are depicted in a gesture of benediction.
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4)The Virgin is depicted with the Christ on her left arm. He is sitting on her arm like on the throne chair. He is represented as a tsar. He is wearing royal clothes.
You know that icons were quite expensive. The bigger the more expensive. More over the golden color was made with real gold so it was very expensive. But aristocrats tried to buy them and kept them at home. And even when the baby was born the icon was painted the same size as a baby was. Icons for homes were smaller than for churches.
Look at the showcase that is located in the middle of the room.
With a time a special school appeared, that as known as “Stroganoff’s school”. Wealthy Russian people Stroganoffs who were businessmen , had their own workshop, where they created real masterpieces.
These small icons are very delicate, most of them were created with golden paints. Some of them have got so tiny details that you need a magnified glass to have a better look. And special brushes made of squirrel tails were used for paintimg so tiny details.
And now I`d like to show something newer.
Please have a better look . that’s already 17th cen. Simon Ushakov “the Trinity”
According to the Bible, when Abraham returned to Canaan and settled there, he was very upset because he had no heir. Then a delegation of three angels visited him. One of them was God himself, who came to reassure Abraham that he would be the father of nations. They sat at a table and Abraham served veal and curds to his divine visitors.
You know that main rule of icon painting is not to break any rules. But there is somethimg new here.
1) The interesting thing here is the Game of glances of 3 angels:
The one in the center is lookimg at the 2nd one ,
the 2nd one is lookimg at the table ,
while the 3d one is also lookimg at the table.
As a result there is the turbulent movement that unites all the angels.
2) Moreover, Instead of simple background we can see some architectural and landscape elements
3) There are a lot of symbols:
• Table= Christ’s tomb
• Oak tree= eternal life
• The house in the background = church
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• The mountain = mountain Sion in Jerusalem.
And now I`d like to show you anotner icon which is displayed on the opposite wall
This icon is very popular . you can see the same image in many Russian churches
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