Espresso machine / кофеварка эспрессо
| on–off switch | двухпозиционный выключатель | Button for turning the device on or off. |
| tamper | трамбовка | Tool used to pack the ground beans into the filter. |
| drip tray | каплесборник | Compartment into which excess liquid drains. |
| steam control knob | кнопка регулировки пара | Device used to regulate the steam coming out of the nozzle. |
| filter holder | держатель фильтра | Removable part with a handle into which the metal filter containing the ground beans is inserted. |
| water tank | бак для воды | Reservoir where the water is kept before it is required for heating. |
| steam nozzle | паровое сопло | Device that emits steam used to foam milk. |
Event platform / гимнастическая арена
| approach runs | дорожки для разбега | 25 m runs made of foam matting; they allow gymnasts to gain the speed they need to execute an exercise. |
| floor exercise area | помост для вольных упражнений | 12 m2 pad on which the gymnast performs exercises on the floor. |
| line judge | судья на линии | Official who ensures that the gymnasts on the floor stay within the floor exercise area. |
| balance beam | гимнастическое бревно | Women’s gymnastics apparatus made up of a long horizontal bar, on which the gymnast performs static and dynamic balance exercises. |
| pommel horse | гимнастический конь | Men’s gymnastics apparatus with two handles (pommels), around which the gymnast maneuvers. |
| overall standings scoreboard | табло общего зачета | Board on which the performances and the gymnasts’ marks are posted. |
| uneven parallel bars | брусья разной высоты | Women’s gymnastics apparatus made up of two horizontal bars of different heights for performing various acrobatic exercises. |
| vaulting horse | конь для опорных прыжков | Men’s and women’s gymnastics apparatus that is similar to a pommel horse; after a run, the gymnast supports the body on it with both hands to make a jump. |
| horizontal bar | перекладина | Men’s gymnastics apparatus composed of a horizontal bar attached to uprights, around which the gymnast maneuvers (rotations, flight elements). |
| floor mats | акробатическая дорожка | Padded carpets that cushion falls and provide balance when landing. |
| judges | судьи | Officials who evaluate performances on the uneven parallel bars. |
| magnesium powder | порошкообразный магний | White magnesium–based powder that absorbs sweat from the gymnasts’ hands; this provides a surer grip on the apparatuses. |
| parallel bars | параллельные брусья | Men’s gymnastics apparatus made up of two horizontal bars set at the same height; they are for performing various acrobatic exercises. |
| rings | кольца | Men’s gymnastics apparatus made up of two rings that hang from cables, which are fixed to a frame; they are used especially for power elements and fast swing exercises. |
| vaulting horse | конь для опорных прыжков | Men’s and women’s gymnastics apparatus that is similar to a pommel horse; after a run, the gymnast supports the body on it with both hands to make a jump. |
| current event scoreboard | табло счета текущих соревнований | Judges grade exercises performed by the gymnasts based on execution, technique and artistic value. |
Eye / глаз
| upper eyelid | верхнее веко | Thin movable muscular membrane descending from the upper edge of the eye. The eyelids protect the eye, emit tears and discharge waste. Batting of the eyelashes is very frequent. |
| lacrimal gland | слезная железа | Organ secreting tears that flow over the surface of the eye to lubricate and cleanse it (eliminate dust and germs). |
| eyelash | ресничка | Each of the hairs lining the free edge of the eyelid; they prevent dust and other particles from entering the eye. |
| iris | радужная оболочка (глаза) | Colored central portion of the eyeball composed of muscles whose dilation or contraction controls the opening of the pupil. |
| pupil | зрачок | Central orifice of the eye whose opening varies to regulate the amount of light entering the eye; light causes the pupil to contract. |
| lacrimal canal | слезный тракт | Duct opening out into the nasal fossae through which tears produced by the tear glands are discharged. |
| lacrimal caruncle | слезное мясцо; слезное мясцо (возвышение у медиального угла глаза) | Small reddish mass located at the inner corner of the eye formed by the fold of the conjunctiva. |
| sclera | склера (белочная оболочка глаза) | Strong fibrous opaque membrane covered by the conjunctiva; it surrounds the eyeball and protects the inner structures. |
| lower eyelid | нижнее веко | Thin muscular membrane that is translucent and movable; it rises from the lower edge of the eye to protect and cleanse it. |
Farmstead / фермерский двор
| vegetable garden | огород | Land where edible plants are grown to feed the household. |
| hen house | курятник | Building where poultry are housed; a distinction is often made between laying units and fattening units. |
| farmyard | двор фермы | Open area around which the farm buildings are situated. |
| hive | улей | Shelter constructed to house a bee colony that produces honey and pollinates fruit trees. |
| fruit tree | плодовое дерево | Tree that bears edible fruit, usually intended for human consumption. |
| sheep shelter | загон для овец | Building where ovines (rams and ewes) are housed; these sheep are raised mainly for their meat and wool, and sometimes for their milk. |
| greenhouse | теплица | Structure with translucent walls where vegetables are grown under controlled conditions that promote their growth. |
| orchard | фруктовый сад | Land planted with fruit trees. |
| enclosure | загон | Fenced–in space where animals can move about. |
| pigsty | свинарник | Building used to house pigs, usually raised to be slaughtered. |
| bunker silo | бункерное силосохранилище | Long flat structure used to store silage; filling it requires no specialized equipment. |
| tower silo | силосная башня | Cylindrical structure used to store silage; it is always filled from the top, using a specially constructed apparatus. |
| cowshed | коровник | Building where bovines are housed; the animals are often separated by age or type (raised for meat or for milk). |
| dairy | молочный | Room where milk is stored and refrigerated before it is collected; it is also the place where milk is converted into butter and other by–products. |
| meadow | луг | Ground covered in grass, which the farmer mows to produce fodder (hay, alfalfa, etc.) for cattle. |
| fodder corn | фуражная кукуруза | Variety of corn used as cattle feed. |
| farmhouse | дом фермера | House where the farmer and the farmer’s family live. |
| ornamental tree | декоративное дерево | Tree planted for decorative purposes. |
| machinery shed | Гараж для сельхозтехники | Building usually meant to house farm machinery. |
| barn | сарай | Building used mainly to store harvested crops, straw and hay. |
| hayloft | сеновал | Part of the barn, often the equivalent of an attic, where hay is stored to protect it from bad weather. |
| fence | забор | Wooden or metal barrier used to delimit a section of land so it can be used for a particular purpose. |
| permanent pasture | постоянное пастбище | Fenced–in grassy tract of land set aside for cattle to graze on. |
| fallow | земля под паром | Arable land temporarily left unsown to allow the soil to replenish its reserves. |
First aid kit / аптечка
| splints | шина | Small strips of wood, metal or plastic used to immobilize a limb that is fractured, sprained or dislocated. |
| aspirin | аспирин | Salicylic acid tablet used to treat pain, fever and inflammation. |
| adhesive tape | клейкая лента | Sticky tape used to fasten bandages, compresses and other materials to a wound. |
| absorbent cotton | гигроскопическая вата | Absorbent white cotton containing no fatty or resinous substances; it is used to clean wounds. |
| rubbing alcohol | спирт для растирания | Alcohol used to clean and disinfect skin or wounds after scarring. |
| antiseptic | антисептик | Substance that kills pathogenic microorganisms on living tissue. |
| peroxide | перекись | Antiseptic used to clean and disinfect wounds. |
| elastic support bandage | эластичный бинт | Extensible fabric that is rolled around a limb to reduce an edema (swelling) or to secure a bandage or splint. |
| scissors | ножницы | Instrument with two movable overlapping shanks having sharp inside edges; they are used for trimming and cutting. |
| tweezers | пинцет | Instrument used to remove fragments of a foreign body (usually splinters) accidentally introduced under the skin. |
| triangular bandage | косыночная повязка | Triangular piece of fabric used to dress wounds. |
| sterile pad | тампон | Piece of sterilized gauze that is folded into several layers and used to dress wounds. |
| cotton applicators | ватодержатель | Stick whose ends are covered with cotton wadding; they are used to clean and disinfect wounds. |
| adhesive bandage | лейкопластырная повязка | Adhesive strip with a piece of gauze for dressing wounds. |
| gauze roller bandage | марлевый бинт | Roll of extremely light, transparent cotton fabric used to make compresses or dress wounds. |
| first aid manual | пособие по оказанию первой помощи | Booklet describing how to treat common injuries and illnesses. |
Food chain / пищевая цепь
| carnivores | плотоядное животное | Animals that feed mainly on meat. |
| tertiary consumers | третичный консумент (животный организм, который питается другими хищниками (например, коршун)) | Carnivores that feed on other carnivores. |
| heterotrophs | гетеротроф (организм, использующий в качестве источника углерода экзогенные органические вещества; среди Г. выделяют голозойные организмы (питаются твердыми частицами вещества — животные) и осмотрофы (только растворенными органическими веществами)) | Organisms that feed on organic matter that is already broken down, since they are unable to feed on mineral compounds. |
| secondary consumers | вторичный консумент; вторичный потребитель | Carnivores that feed on herbivores. |
| primary consumers | травоядное (в пищевой иерархии) | They feed on autotrophic organisms and are therefore usually herbivores. |
| autotrophs | автотрофный организм, автотроф | Organisms capable of making their own food from inorganic matter and solar energy. |
| basic source of food | простейший источник пищи | Vegetables are at the base of the food chain for all other consumers; they are eaten raw or converted into meat by animals. |
| inorganic matter | неорганическое вещество | Matter of mineral origin, converted by bacteria; the nitrogen, salts and water it retains serve as food for plants. |
| decomposers | деструктор (организм, разлагающий органические вещества) | Organisms that break down organic matter (dead animals, excrement, plant residue) into mineral components that can be reused by plants. |
| herbivores | травоядное животное | Animals that feed on plants. |
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