Native Americans. Myth and Reality



There were about 10 million Native Americans in the “New World” before the Europeans arrived there. The arrival of the Europeans in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries resulted in many Indian Wars and the removal of the Native Americans to reservations in 1830. Native American tribes were all culturally and geographically different. There were about 200 languages. Many Native Americans participated in World War II.

Today there are about 2 million Native Americans in the USA. Many of them live on reservations. There are still about 500 tribes. Although many of them have fewer than 1, 000 members. They work and their jobs are connected to arts, crafts and tourism. Native Americans want to dispel myths and stereotypes about their culture and spiritual practices.

Columbus called the people he met Indios, because he thought he was in India. Although Native Americans sometimes use the term Indian, they prefer the term Native Americans. Such terms as Squaw and Brave are offensive.

Native Americans had many types of homes: from simple shelters to tall buildings. Some tribes lived in huge longhouses, some of them lived in stone houses and others lived in mud-covered structures. Wigwams were only common in the eastern USA.

Fighting between cowboys and Native Americans is a myth. Many cowboys were Native Americans! Real life cowboys often bought food from Native Americans. It isn’t also true that all Native Americans wore a headdress. Only some tribes used them for ceremonial purposes. Most tribes did not use bows and arrows. They hunted with other weapons.

Hollywood is responsible for many beliefs about Native Americans.

Задание 1. Определите, какие из высказываний являются верными (True), а какие неверными (False). 

1) There were about 20 million Native Americans in the “New World” before the Europeans arrived there.

2) Europeans arrive in the “New Word” in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.

3) All Native American tribes spoke only one language.

4) Today there are about 2 million Native Americans in the USA.

5) Such terms as Squaw and Brave aren’t offensive.

6) Most of the Native Americans lived in wigwams.

7) Cowboys often bought food from Native Americans.

8) Headdress was a typical головнойуборof them.

9) Many tribes hunted with bows and arrows.

10) A lot of Native Americans participated in World War II.

Задание 2. Найдите эквиваленты следующим словосочетаниям в тексте.

1) прибытие европейцев; 2) племена коренных американцев; 3) жить в резервации;

4) развеять мифы и стереотипы; 5) покрытые грязью сооружения; 6) покупать еду у коренных американцев; 7) носить головной убор; 8) использовать луки и стрелы; 9) жить в каменных домах; 10) принимать участи во Второй мировой войне.

Задание 3. Сопоставьте названия английских реалий с их переводом на русский язык.

1. New World a) вигвам
2. India b) Новый Свет (Америка)
3. Native Americans c) коренные американцы
4. World War II d) восточная часть США
5. the eastern USA e) Индия
6. wigwams f) Вторая мировая война

Задание 4. Ответьте письменно на следующие вопросы.

1) How many million Native Americans lived in the “New World” before the Europeans arrived?

2) What was the result of the Europeans’ arrival in the “New World”?

3) How many Native Americans are there in the USA nowadays?

4) What types of homes did Native Americans have?

5) Where were wigwams common?

6) Why did Columbus call the people he met Indios?

7) Fighting between cowboys and Native Americans is a myth, isn’t it?

8) What did cowboys buy from Native Americans?

9) Is it true that all Native Americans wore a headdress?

10) Did they participate in World War II?


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