Read the following statements and say whether they are true or false (T/F). If they are false, correct them.



МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение

высшего профессионального образования

«РОСТОВСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЙ

УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»

 

 

Утверждено

на заседании кафедры

иностранных языков

28 апреля 2012 г.

 

 

Методические указания

По обучению профессионально-ориентированному чтению текстов по специальности «Водоснабжение и водоотведение» для аспирантов.

 

 

Ростов-на-Дону

2012


УДК 803.03 = (088.8)+(07)

Методические указания по обучению профессионально-ориентированному чтению текстов по специальности «Водоснабжение и водоотведение» для аспирантов и соискателей.– Ростов н/Д: Рост.гос.строит.ун-т, 2012. – 30 с.

 

Содержат тексты для разного вида чтения и перевода научного текста на профессионально-ориентированную тематику, а так же серию лексико-грамматических упражнений. Предназначены для аспирантов и соискателей специальности «Водоснабжение и канализация».

                                                                           УДК 803.03 = (088.8)+(07)

Составитель:  канд.филол.наук, доц. Царевская И.В.

 

                                  Рецензент:  преп.Литовченко Л.Н.

Редактор Т.М. Климчук

Темплан 2012 г., поз. 16

Подписано в печать      Формат 60х84/16.

Бумага писчая. Ризограф. Уч.-изд.л.1,9

Тираж 50 экз. Заказ

Редакционно-издательский центр

Ростовского государственного строительного университета

344022, Ростов-на-Дону, ул. Социалистическая, 162

 

 

© Ростовский государственный

строительный университет, 2012

PART I

Sanitary Engineering. General Considerations

Unit 1.1 Effects of Sanitary Engineering upon City Life

Discuss in pairs:

1) Does Sanitary Engineering influence city life? How?

2) What is the important effect of waterworks upon cities?

Read the text and see if your ideas are right.

The bills of mortality of London in the seventeenth century, which were the vital statistics of the day, indicate that the death rate in large cities at that time was greater than the birth rate. Cities, therefore, grew slowly and only by migration from country to city. This condition can be ascribed to prevailing insanitary conditions combined with crowding of people into a small area and the resulting prevalence of communicable disease. The first municipal sanitary improvement both in England and elsewhere was the construction of water supplies which, in large cities, were soon followed by sewerage. Small cities and towns have also installed waterworks and sewerage systems during the last few decades, at the present time there are few communities that do not have a public water supply and in most cases a sewer system.

The construction grants program of EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) and, earlier, the Federal Water Pollution Control Administration (FWPCA), under which the construction of sewage works is largely financed by federal funds, has hastened the construction of collection and treatment systems in communities which had lacked them.

EPA is also charged with ensuring the provision of suitable drinking water and, as successor to the U.S. Public Health Service (USPHS), is conducting research into the health effects of minute concentrations of various contaminants and has established water quality standards for public water supplies.

The important effects of waterworks and sewerage upon cities are not confined to safeguarding of health. Safety of life and property against fire has been obtained. Street cleaning and flushing are possible. Swimming pools, fountains, and other ornamental and recreational uses of water are now commonplace. Industries will locate in cities where they are assured of an ample supply of water and where there are sewers to remove their liquid wastes. Some industries, and this should be recognized by municipal authorities, may make unreasonably high demands for water or may produce wastes which are unsuitable for joint treat­ment and disposal.

The unthinking citizen, accustomed to the comforts of civilization, has little conception of the significance of the stream of water that he obtains when he turns on a tap and even less of the vast network of underground conduits available to receive that water as it escapes into the drainpipe.

1. Notes to the text:

mortality – смертность

vital – жизненный

disease – болезнь

to be charged with – нести ответственность за

contaminant – загрязнение

waste – сточные воды (отходы)

tap – кран

drainpipe – сточная труба (канализация)

2. Match two columns and make the collocations:

1) vital                                        a) rate

2) bill of                                      b) sewerage systems

3) death                                       c) disease

4) insanitary                                         d) statistics

5) communicable                         e) mortality

6) installed                                  f) conditions

g) waterworks

3. Match the following English expressions to their Russian ones:

1) to indicate the death rate a) федеральное финансирование
2) construction of sewage works b) строительство очистных сооружений
3) federal funds c) указывать на уровень смертности
4) suitable drinking water d) сооружение канализации
5) construction of collection and      treatment systems e) пригодная питьевая вода

4. Read the text again and answer the questions:

1) What was the vital statistics of the day in London in 17th century?

2) What was the first municipal sanitary improvement in England?

3) What does FWPCA mean?

4) What is the function of FWPCA?

5) What is EPA charged with?

6) What are ornamental and recreational uses of water in cities?

Read the following statements and say whether they are true or false (T/F). If they are false, correct them.

1) The bills of mortality of London in the 17th century didn’t indicate that the death rate in large cities at that time was greater than the birth rate.

2) The first municipal sanitary improvement in England was the construction of sewerage.

3) The Federal Water Pollution Control Administration is charged with constructing of collection and treatment systems in communities.

4) The important effects of waterworks and sewerage are confined only to safeguarding of health.

5) Some industries may make unreasonably high demands for water.

6. Look through the text and find in the text English equivalents for the following words and word combinations:

1) сводка смертности

2) жизненно-важная статистика

3) уровень рождаемости

4) антисанитарные условия

5) инфекционное заболевание

6) водоснабжение

7) канализация

8) обеспечение питьевой водой

9) загрязнитель

10) нормы качества общественного водоснабжения

7. Discuss in pairs:

1) Vital importance of public water supply and sewerage systems.

2) The first municipal sanitary improvement in the 17th century.

3) The functions of EPA, FWPCA and USPHS.

 


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