The secretary is still typing the letter.
Mary made the fish.
My sweater was made in Italy.
Radium has been discovered by Curie.
Snow covered everything.
2.Read the text “London”, translate the paragraphs 1-4 into Russian. Прочтите текст“ London” и переведите на русский язык абзацы 1-4.
London
1.London was founded in the first century AD by the Romans. By the 8th century London was a busy trading centre, and in the 11th century it became the capital of England. Edward the Confessor built a palace and an abbey at Westminster.
2.Medieval London grew in importance as a trading centre and in 1215 its citizens won the right to elect their own leader, or Lord of Mayor. The Great Fire of 1666 destroyed three-quarters of the city. The rebuilding of London followed the medieval street plan, but the old wooden houses were replaced by buildings of brick to reduce the future fire risk.
3.During the 19th century London spread rapidly into the suburbs. Britain was then at the height of her Imperial Powers and this is expressed in such buildings as the Houses of Parliament and St. Pancras Station.
4.Large areas of London were destroyed by bombs during World War II and the rebuilding that followed was of mixed quality.
5.Today in its full extent greater London covers 625 square miles and consists of 33 separate boroughs, including the City, the West End, the East End and houses 7 million people.
6. About half a million people work in the City, but less than 6000 live there. It is the financial centre of the UK with many banks, offices and the Stock Exchange.
7.All the historical places and famous parks are in the West End. The West End, spreading from the political centre at Westminster includes the shopping area of Knightsbridge, Oxford Street, Piccadilly Circus and the fashionable Covent Garden: it hosts museums and galleries, among them are the Tate Gallery, the National Gallery, the National Portrait Gallery and the British Museum. In the West End there are Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey, Buckingham Palace. The best known streets are: Whitehall with important Government offices, Downing Street, the residence of the Prime Minister and Fleet Street which stands for the press. The name `West End' is associated with wealth, luxury and goods of high quality. The port of London is in the east End.
3.Copy the questions on the text “London”, answer them.
Перепишите вопросы по тексту “London”, ответьте на них.
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1. How many people work in the City?
2. Who built a palace and an abbey at Westminster?
3. Which part of London is associated with wealth, luxury and goods of high quality?
4. When were large areas of London destroyed by bombs?
5. When was Britain at the height of her Imperial Powers?
Вариант 4
1.Transfer the sentences from active voice into passive voice. Write down pairs of sentences in active and passive voices and their translations.
Переведите предложения из активного залога в пассивный залог. Запишите пары предложений в активном и пассивном залогах и их перевод.
e.g.: When we got to the stadium we found that they had cancelled the game (Active Voice).
When we got to the stadium we found that the game had been cancelled (Passive Voice).
Когда мы попали на стадион, мы обнаружили, что они отменили игру – активный залог.
Когда мы попали на стадион, мы обнаружили, что игру отменили – пассивный залог.
1. The Earthquake has ruined the city.
2. They are making tasks now.
3. I did my homework.
4. We will answer the question.
5. They made a lot of mistakes.
2.Read the text “London's Places Of Interest”, translate the paragraphs 1, 4, 5, 6, into Russian.
Прочтите текст“ London's Places Of Interest”и переведите на русский язык абзацы 1, 4, 5, 6.
London's Places Of Interest
1.There are a lot of places of interest in London. Among them are: Westminster Abbey, Houses of Parliament, Buckingham Palace, St.Paul's Cathedral, London Bridge, the Tower of London.
2.WESTMINSTER, now the political centre of London, was until the 11th century a sacred place. King Edward the Confessor decided to build a great abbey church here. William the Conqueror was crowned in the Abbey and since then all Coronations have taken place here. The Abbey contains many royal tombs, memorials to eminent men and women. But the most popular ones are those to writers, actors and musicians in Poet's Corner. The Palace of Westminster was the royal residence and also the country's main court of law. Parliament has met here since the 16th century until the 19th century.
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3.The present HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT were built after the old palace was burnt down in 1834. The building contains the House of Commons and the House of Lords, the two chambers where parliamentary business is debated. On the corner next to Westminster bridge stands St. Stephans Tower, which houses the famous bell, Big Ben, which chimes the hours.
4.BUCKINGHAM PALACE is the Queen's official London residence. Built in 1702-5 for the Duke of Buckingham, it was sold in 1761 to George III. London's most popular spectacle is Changing the Guard. It takes place in the forecourt and lasts about 30 minutes.
5.ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL is Sir Christopher Wren's masterpiece. The magnificent classical structure is crowned by the dome. Inside the dome are scenes from the life of St. Paul. Here too is the famous Whispering Gallery. There are many memorials in the cathedral including those to heroes such as Wellington and Nelson.
6.THE TOWER OF LONDON has been closely associated with many important events in English history. It has served as citadel, palace, prison, mint and menagerie. The Tower is famous for its prisoners. Many notable people lost their heads on the executioner's block. The Tower is guarded by the Yeoman Warders popularly known as `Beefeaters'.
3.Copy the questions on the text “London's Places Of Interest”, answer them.
Перепишите вопросы по тексту “ London's Places Of Interest”, ответьте на них.
1.What was The Palace of Westminster used for?
2.What buildings does the Houses of Parliament contain?
3.What is the Queen's official London residence.
4.What has the Tower of London served as?
5.What is London's most popular spectacle?
Вариант 5
1.Transfer the sentences from active voice into passive voice. Write down pairs of sentences in active and passive voices and their translations.
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Переведите предложения из активного залога в пассивный залог. Запишите пары предложений в активном и пассивном залогах и их перевод.
e.g.: When we got to the stadium we found that they had cancelled the game (Active Voice).
When we got to the stadium we found that the game had been cancelled (Passive Voice).
Когда мы попали на стадион, мы обнаружили, что они отменили игру – активный залог.
Когда мы попали на стадион, мы обнаружили, что игру отменили – пассивный залог.
1. My father built this cottage last year.
2. Somebody is opening the window now.
3. People all over the world watch the news.
4. He has just repaired his car.
5. We will send the letter tomorrow.
2.Read the text “Crimea”, translate the paragraphs 1, 4, 8, 9 into Russian.
Прочтите текст“Crimea”, переведите абзацы 1, 4, 8, 9 на русский язык .
Crimea
1.Crimea is a parliamentary republic, within Russia, which is governed by the Constitution of Crimea in accordance with the laws of Russia. The capital and administrative seat of the republic's government is the city of Simferopol, located in the center of the peninsula. Crimea's area is 26,200 square kilometers.
2.According to the Ukraininan 2001 census its population was 2,033,700 people, 58.5% of the population were Russians, 24.4% were Ukrainians, Crimean Tatars made up 12.1%. Belarusians, Tatars, Armenians, Jews and other nationalities live here. Russian, Ukrainian and Tatar are the state languages.
3.Crimea is a peninsula located on the northern coast of the Black Sea and on the western coast of the Sea of Azov, bordering Kherson Oblast from the north. The peninsula consists of many other smaller peninsulas such as Arabat Spit, Kerch peninsula, Herakles peninsula, Tarhan Qut peninsula and many others. Crimea's total land area is 26,100 km2. It is connected to the mainland by the narrow Isthmus of Perekop. Kerch Peninsula in the east is directly opposite the Taman Peninsula. The Strait of Kerch connects the waters of the Black Sea with the Sea of Azov between the Kerch and Taman peninsulas. There are two rural communities of Henichesk Region, Shchaslyvtseve and Strilkove on the smaller peninsula Arabat Spit. The city of Sevastopol has a special legal status within Russia.
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4.The major cities are Simferopol (the capital), Sevastopol (a Hero City, a Black Sea Fleet base, is administratively separate), Kerch (a Hero City, an important industrial, transport and tourist centre), Yevpatoria (a major port, a rail hub, and a resort city), Feodosiya (a port and a resort city), Dzhankoy (an important railroad connection), Bakhchisaray (a historical capital of the Crimean Khanate), Krasnoperekopsk and Armyansk (industrial cities), Alushta (a resort city).
5.Geographically, the peninsula is generally divided into three zones: steppes, mountains and southern coast. The comparatively small territory of the Crimean Peninsula has diverse relief, landscape and natural conditions. The greater part of the peninsula is a plain, mountains make up only 5 % of its territory. The Crimean mountains stretch in a curved arc from Sevastopol to Feodosia over a distance of 150 km. They don’t let bitter steppe winds into the southern coast. The highest peak of the Crimean mountains Roman Kosh is 1545 metres high. Numerous kurgans, or burial mounds of the ancient Scythians are scattered across the Crimean steppes. There are several bays and harbors on the Crimean coastline (the Bay of Karkinit, the Bay of Kalamita, the ports of Yevpatoria and Sevastopol, the Bay of Arabat and others). The saline Lake Syvash is the natural border between Crimean peninsula and Ukrainian mainland.
6.Most of Crimea has a temperate continental climate, only on the southern coast it is subtropical due to warm influences from the Black Sea. Summers can be hot (28 C/82.4 F Jul average) and winters are cool (−0.3 C/31.5°F Jan average). Because of its climate, the southern Crimean coast is a popular beach and sun resort for Ukrainian and Russian tourists.
7.The territory of Crimea was conquered and controlled many times throughout its history. The Cimmerians, Greeks,Scythians, Goths, Khazars, the state of Kievan Rus', Byzantine Greeks, Ottoman Turks, Golden Horde Tatars and the Mongols controlled Crimea in its earlier history. During the Second War II Crimea was the scene of some of the bloodiest battles. The Axis forces tried to advance through the narrow Perekop Isthmus linking Crimea to the Soviet mainland. The peninsula was freed from the Nazi invadors in 1944.
8.The main branches of the Crimean economy are tourism and agriculture. Industrial plants are situated for the most part in the northern regions of the republic. Important industrial cities include Dzhankoy, housing a major railway connection, Krasnoperekopsk and Armyansk. The most important industries in Crimea include food production, chemicals, mechanical engineering, metal working, fuel production. The main branches of vegetation production include cereals, vegetable-growing, gardening, and wine-making, particularly in Yalta and Massandra regions. Other agricultural forms include cattle breeding, poultry keeping, and sheep breeding.
9.Crimea possesses significant historical and natural resources. According to National Geographic, Crimea is among the top 20 travel destinations in 2013.
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