B) Use the verbs below in different contexts to illustrate their ability to be used in different voice forms and meanings. Give their Russian equivalents.
Seminar 7
VERBAL CATEGORIES
Sources:
1. Блох, М.Я. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка / М.Я. Блох. - М.: Высшая школа, 2003. – С. 138-149, С. 150-168, 167-190, 191-200, 201-219
2. Блох, М.Я. Практикум по теоретической грамматике английского языка / М.Я. Блох, Т.Н. Семенова, С.В. Тимофеева. – М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 166-167, С. 167-168, 169-170, 170-171
Additional:
3. Гуревич, В.В. Теоретическая грамматика английского языка. Сравнительная типология английского и русского языков / В.В. Гуревич. – М.: Флинта: Наука, 2003. – С. 30-39, 25-30, 41-45.
4. Иванова, И.П. Теоретическая грамматика современного английского языка / И.П. Иванова, В.В. Бурлакова, Г.Г. Почепцов. - М.: Высшая школа, 1981. – С. 50-51, С. 51-66, 74-80, 68-74.
5. Кобрина, Н.А. Теоретическая грамматика современного английского языка: учебное пособие / Н.А. Кобрина, Н.Н. Болдырев, А.А. Худяков. – М.: Высшая школа, 2007. – С. 75-91, 91-107, 107-119.
6. Хлебникова, И.Б. Основы английской морфологии: учебное пособие / И.Б. Хлебникова. – 3-е изд., испр. - М.: Высшая школа, 2004. – С. 72-78, 78-91, 121-127, 95-120.
TASKS
Get ready to answer the questions below.
1. Why is the category of number and person reflective?
2. What verbal groups are distinguished in respect of this category?
3. What opposition manifests this category?
4. What does the immanent character of the category of tense imply?
5. How many tenses are there in the English language according to different points of view?
6. What is the main point of difference between the two categories of tense: the category of primary time and the category of prospect?
7. How are these oppositions reduced?
8. Why is aspect a variable category?
9. What is the main point of difference between the two categories of aspect: the category of development and the category of retrospective coordination?
|
|
|
10. How can these categories be reduced?
11. What opposition expresses the category of voice?
12. What are the types of passive constructions?
13. What differentiates medial constructions from passive and active ones?
14. What does the category of mood express?
15. What opposition expresses the category of mood?
16. What forms represent Subjunctives I, II, III, IV?
17. What is the status of the so-called "imperative mood" in English?
18. Why are Subjunctives II and III in the core and Subjunctives I and IV on the periphery of the system of English oblique moods?
Find Russian equivalents for the following terms; give definitions.
category of number, category of person, tense, historic present, preterite of modesty, aspect, the category of development, the category of retrospective coordination, for the nonce, voice, medial voice types, reflexive construction, reciprocal construction, middle construction, semi-passive constructions, direct (indicative) mood forms, oblique (subjunctive) mood forms.
А) Define the person and number of the verbs in the sentences below, explain their usage.
1) There is a girl and two boys in the room. 2) Where’s those records I gave you? 3) Terrorists now enjoy peace that passeth all understanding (Moscow News). 4) The great majority is helpless. 5) The majority were determined to press their victory.
B) Use the correct person and number forms of the verbs given in brackets, explain your choice. Mind that in some cases both plural and singular forms can be used.
1) The police ... on his track (to be). 2) The fish ... plentiful there (to be). 3) There ... a lot of people in the hall (to be). 4) Thou ... not kill (shall). 5) The army … (to be retreating).
4. Define if the verbs shall (should) and will (would) are used 1) as modal verbs, 2) as auxiliaries rendering the future, and 3) cases when their modal or future meanings are implicit
1) I will not have the responsibility on my shoulders. 2) You will have to go. 3) “Do it immediately.” – “Shall I?” 4) You should stay where you are. 5) He is impossible - he won’t see his wife, he won’t see me, he won’t see anybody. 6) Will you pass the salt, please? 7) He will meet you at the station. 8) Boys will be boys. 9) Accidents will happen. 10) Some time will pass before that.
|
|
|
Comment on the meanings of the tense verbal forms. Name the cases with oppositional reduction
1) Light travels more quickly than sound. 2) I never see him doing any work, whenever I go in. 3) He laughs best, who laughs last. 4) She arrives next Thursday. 5) Where will you go when the school year is over? 6) Could you stay, please? I wanted to talk to you.7) I hear you’ve resigned.
6. а) Define the type of ‘medial’ voice types of the verbs in the sentences below, use transformations to prove your words.
For example: He shaved quickly. à He shaved himself quickly (reflexive constructions)
1) They never quarreled in other people's presence. 2) She rose suddenly. 3) The day ended, tranquil and bluish. 4) Let us drink champagne when we meet again. 5) The story began with the description of the house. 6) Keep quiet, please.
b) Use the verbs below in different contexts to illustrate their ability to be used in different voice forms and meanings. Give their Russian equivalents.
For example: to turn -поворачивать, поворачиваться; can be used in the active meaning(I turned the key),in the reflective meaning (I turned myself around), in the passive meaning (The key was turned twice) and in the middle voice meaning(The key turned in the keyhole)
to fill, to open, to read, to sell, to dress, to relate, to change, to hide
Split the homonymous constructions into cases where Participle II is used 1) in the function of the predicative, 2) as a part of the passive construction, 3) in semi-passive constructions (those with double interpretation possible).
1. The papers are signed. 2. They have been signed for two hours already. 3. Have the papers been signed? 4. As the director was ill, the papers were signed by his secretary. 5. They were signed a few minutes ago. 6. By the time I returned the papers had been signed. 7. The papers were signed and ready to be posted.
Дата добавления: 2018-05-02; просмотров: 371; Мы поможем в написании вашей работы! |
Мы поможем в написании ваших работ!