Asyndetic Substantival Clusters
Theory of translation
Lexico-Grammatical Aspects of Translation
Seminar 1
Articles
Plan
1. The most general contextual realizations of meanings of the nominalizing and emphatic articles. The means of expressing their meanings in Ukrainian.
2. The most common contextual meanings of the definite article and means of expressing them in Ukrainian.
3. The most common contextual meanings of the indefinite article and means of expressing them in Ukrainian.
4. Ways of conveying the rhematic and thematic contextual meanings of the definite and the indefinite articles in Ukrainian.
5. Other possible contextual meanings of the definite and indefinite articles and means of their expression in Ukrainian.
Literature:
1. Бархударов Л.С. Язык и перевод. - М.: Междунар. отношения, 1975.
2. Комиссаров В.Н. Теория перевода. - М.: «Высшая школа», 1990.
3. Коптілов В.В. Теорія і практика перекладу. - К.: Видавництво Київ, університету, 1982.
4. Корунець І.В. Теорія і практика перекладу. - К.: Вища школа, 1986.
5. Рецкер Я.И. Теория перевода и переводческая практика. -М.: Междунар.отношения, 1974.
6. Швейцер А.Д. Теория перевода. - М.: Наука, 1988
Exercise I
Identify the definite and indefinite articles in the following sentences whose meanings should be rendered into Ukrainian. Suggest the suitable equivalents:
1) Who is she? - She is a Mrs. Erlynn.
2) A woman was loudly complaining of a pain in her back.
3) From 1836 until his death in 1870 Dickens continued to be in general estimation the English story-teller.
4) His Pecksniff could never have worked the wickedness of which he had just heard, but any other Pecksniff could; and the Pecksniff who could do that, could do anything.
5) This was a Guernica, a Coventry, a Lidice perpetrated, in part by a British ship in the service of the Americans.
6) Tomorrow I will be with Essex as the Asquith he expects, a normal Asquith, an undivided, unchanged, untouched, unalterable and eccentric Asquith who will partner him on his great mission to the Security Council.
7) Preacher thought he may be, Carlyle is also a historian, „ and one who will not corrupt the evidence merely to support a case.
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8) I had been keen to hear what people thought politically. A store keeper did admit to me that he had to de his business with both sides and could not permit himself the luxury of an opinion.
9) "Did you know a Martha Otley?"
"No"
"An Eleanor Preston?"
"No"
10)I became certain that aphase in our life had ended.
11)If Roger made a compromising speech, his colleagues and Party would stay with him. But if he were too unorthodox — well, if a Minister were too unorthodox to be convenient, there were other methods of dislodging him.
12)The book starts with the assumption that, however different the various trends of thought and means of expressions, an age has a definite character.
13)In an American weekly publication I find the following judgement on Mr. О'Neil, written by an intelligent and very able native critic: «He has a current of thought and feeling that is essentially theatrical. Taken off the stage it might seem exaggerated, out of taste or monotonous».
14)A young girl is very interesting phenomenon is a very interesting phenomenon. George, especially when she has brains.
15) The speaker was not very sensitive. A restlessness in his audience was not noticed by him.
16) An acquaintance suggested that he should go into business and theidea seems to have appealed to him.
17) I remember now that I had been told Visconsin is a lovely state, but thetelling had not prepared me.
18) The faucets in the wash-basin were thekind that won't run unless you keep pressing them.
19) I'm at the Mozart Hotel. For themoney it's one of the best.
20) Shortly afterwards, John Dickens was arrested for debt and taken to the Marshalsea; and there is wife, after pawning thelittle that was left to pawn, joined him with her children.
21) At this moment in North-Dakota I had a reluctance to drive on that amount of fear.
22) All forms and idioms and structures cannot be learnt and practised at once. They must be tackled in an order which will give the learner the greatest power of expression in the shortest time with the minimum effort.
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23) But the friendship and mutual admiration of these two writers (Dickens and Anderson) is a lasting and important Anglo-Danish link worth remembering at a time when there is s tendency to disregard Anderson as a man of literary importance, and to label him exclusively as a «nursery writer».
24) If anybody had known it, you'd have been theone.
25) This Hampshire had no relation to theone I remembered.
26) Thus of the ten Forsytes twenty one Forsytes ha been born; but the twenty-one young Forsytes there were as yet only seventeen descendants; and it already seemed unlikely that there would be more than a further unconsidered trifle or so.
27) The butler came back and opening the door, said: «Inhere, sir. TheMoralnd is over the sideboard.» In that big dinning room where even large furniture looked small, theMorland looked smaller, between two still lifes of a Dutch size and nature.
28) "My name," he said, "is Hercule Poirot."
"Not," the Commissary stammered, "not theHercule Poirot?":
"The same," said M. Poirot.
29) In the eating places along the roads the food has been clean, tasteless, colorless, and of a complete sameness. Can I then say that theAmerica I saw has put cleanliness first at the expense of taste.
30) Our family name - on my oath, this is true - was Einstein. No relation to theEinstein, but don't you think that's funny? The one name that's apt to survive the next twenty centuries wasn't good enough for my family.
31) While Miss Austen was delineating the restricted life of a provincial lady, Sir Walter Scott, taking eight hundred years of Scots, English and French history as his province, was changing the whole course of the novel throughout Europe. Indeed he was theEuropean novelist, as Byron was thepoet.
32 )He noted that thecompany remained under theuncertain cloud of recession, high interest rates, and cuts in defense spending that meant fewer contracts for electronic manufacturers.
33) Strasbourg - The European Economic Community Commission has proposed a five year extension of theMulti-Fiber Arrangement, theinternational textile trade pact being negotiated now. A Commission statement said thepoor outlook for the EEC textile industry made a new, stricter pact necessary "to avoid chaos in the world textiles trade".
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34) "How much can a president really be in charge if he is a 9-to-5 kind of fellow? I think such a president can do thejob," said a presidential historian at the University of Colorado. "A tremendous capacity to recruit first-rate people and delegate authority is the one thing a president needs to do in order to enlarge his influence".
35) "Which candidate are you against?" ... "All the candidates have given me a reason to vote against them."
36) There was a time when the government leaders were well aware of this.
37) In a foreign policy address, the choice of theme is in itself a policy decision; the choice of topics sets priorities; the choice of words is studied closely in foreign capitals.
38) Brussels -The European Economic Community's industry ministers Friday called for a link between all state subsidies to the steel industry and cuts in capacity. But they were unable to agree on a deadline for phasing out subsides.
39) Some planning Ministry officials favor an income tax not because the government needs themoney, but because they believe Kuwaitis should understand the relationship between effort and reward.
40) The coalition began campaigning for a tax to get at excessive oil profits early last fall.
41) It is time for a decision: without it, in the end, there will be no possible solution.
Theory of translation
Seminar 2
Asyndetic Substantival Clusters
Plan
1 The structural peculiarities of the word-combinations referred to as asyndetic substantival/noun clusters.
2. The principle of identifying the number of componental parts in asyndetic substantival clusters.
3.The correlation between the position of N components and their functional significance in asyndetic substantival clusters.
4.The structural forms of the adjunct and head components in asyndetic substantival clusters.
5.The nature/kind of syntactic connection existing between the components of asyndetic substantival clusters
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Exercise I
Give the Ukrainian equivalents to the following attributive groups:
1) sound sleeper; 2) the fifth columnist; 3) provincial government; 4) practical joker; 5) conscientious objector; 6) sleeping partner; 7) stumbling block; 8) foregone conclusion; 9) smoking concert; 10) labor quiescence; 11) aggressive supporter; 12) four-part program; 13) three-men orchestra; 14) communist vote; 15) safety violations; 16) vested interest; 17) Moscow proposals; 18) students protests; 19) crop yields; 20) consumer demand; 21) promotion limitations; 22) economy regime; 23) school leavers; 24) night shift; 25) war veterans; 26) hijack prisoners; 28) non-smoker carriage; 29) a round-the-year-swimmer; 30) a 48-hour week; 31) Ukraine unemployment; 32) livestock products; 33) corruption charges; 34) animal husbandry; 35) car bomb; 36) strike warning; 37) wage rise; 38) budget increase; 39) emergency meeting; 40) incomes policy; 41) disarmament policy; 42) wage deadlock; 43) University books; 44) productivity measures; 45) overtime ban; 46) redundancy dismissals; 47) pit closures; 48) a "don't care" appearance; 49) Tugela falls; 50) Washington march; 51) take-home pay.
Exercise II
Translate into English the following Adj+N1+N2 compounds taking into account whether the adjective modifies the adjunct or the head noun:
1) ugly re-election fight; 2) pre-war slump talk; 3) the highest homicide rate; 4) heavy government expenditure; 5) post-was anti-labor drive; 6) Parliamentary Labor Party; 7) impulsive little-American-girl act; 8) local sports clubs; 9) a solid fuel system; 10) civil defense organization; 11) a former CIA official; 12) the Labor-controlled District Council; 13) economic growth rate; 14) a new fund-rising drive; 15) Common Market Countries; 16) the highest unemployment rate; 17) the latest by-election results; 18) the highest crime record; 19) the pre-war arms drive; 20) new high-tech industries; 21) a local semiconductor plant; 22) effective disaster aid; 23) official undergraduate transcript; 24) domestic airlines flights; 25) national security policy; 26) persistent housing shortage; 27) naval air station; 28) meager salary increase; 29) strategic nuclear increase; 30) tactical nuclear strike.
Theory of translation
Seminar 3
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