Lecturer: 6. Operating systems



Purpose:to provide the basic ideas of Software to the Students, to introduce the learner to the Windows 7 operating system and get the learner familiar to operate the computer through the Operating system Windows 7.

 

Plan:

1. Basic concepts of OS.

2.Evolution of operating systems.

3.Classification of operating systems, including for mobile devices.

4. Classification of desktop applications.

Basic concepts of OS.

Basic Operations in Windows7.Let us have a look at the basic operations available with Windows 7. This knowledge will be helpful to you to make working with your computer easy.

First, we will learn about some required fundamental skills before performing basic operations available with your operating systems.

Log on to your computer.The process of starting a computer session is called logging on. When you start the computer, Windows displays a Welcome screen containing links to each of the computer's active user accounts. (If your computer is part of a domain, you will need to press Ctrl + Alt + Delete to display the Welcome screen.) You select your user account and, if your account is password protected, enter your password to log on to the computer. See Table 3 below for the login interface. When logging on to a computer which is part of a domain, you will always enter your domain credentials.

 

Brief descriptions of each component are given below.

N Name Brief Description
     
1 Desktop Work area on which you see your programs
2 Start Menu Let you open programs available in your computer
3 Task Bar Let you launch and monitor running programs
4 Notification area A portion of the taskbar that provides a temporary source for
    notifications and status.
5 Task Buttons Currently opened programs/applications
6 Desktop Icons Icons that belongs to and leads you to important parts of the
    Computer
7 Shortcut Icons Easy way to access programs
8 Windows Gadgets Popular mini-programs
 

Table 3: Components of Windows 7 User Interface

 

System requirements

Windows 7 requires the following computer hardware:

32 Bit   64 Bit
 A Processor of 1 GHz or faster 32-bit

A Processor of 1 GHz or faster 64-bit

(x86)   (x64)
 At least 1 GB of RAM memory

 At least 2 GB of RAM memory

A hard disk with at least 16GB space

A hard disk with at least 20GB space

available   available.
DirectX® 9 graphics processor with   DirectX® 9 graphics processor with
WDDM or higher driver   WDDM or higher driver
 A DVD drive from which to install   A DVD drive from which to install
Windows.   Windows.
A monitor, keyboard, and mouse or   A monitor, keyboard, and mouse or
other pointing device.   other pointing device.

 

Table 2- Windows 7 Requirements

 

Evolution of operating systems.

 

What is Windows 7? It is redesigned with Windows Shell with a new taskbar. Windows 7 includes a number of new features, such as advances in touch and handwriting recognition, support for virtual hard disks, improved performance on multi-core processors, improved boot performance, Direct Access, and kernel improvements.

Versions of Windows 7.

1. Home Premium makes it easy to create a home network and share all of your favorite photos, videos, and music.

2. Professional is a great choice for home and for business. Using Windows 7 professional, You can run many Windows XP productivity programs in Windows XP Mode and recover data easily with automatic backups to your home or business network. You can also connect to company networks effortlessly and more securely with Domain Join. With all the exciting entertainment features of Windows Home Premium.

3. Ultimate is the most versatile and powerful edition of Windows 7. It combines remarkableease-of-use with the entertainment features of Home Premium and the business capabilities of Professional, including the ability to run many Windows XP productivity programs in Windows XP Mode. For added security, you can encrypt your data with Bit Locker and Bit Locker-To-Go. And for extra flexibility, you can work in any of 35 languages. Get it all with Windows 7 Ultimate.

Classification of operating systems, including for mobile devices.

for many different tasks.

Role of BIOS

Most part of the course is related to the higher levels of the software hierarchy: file systems, operating system, and application. But in this subchapter we will look at the lowers level of software – BIOS, or basic input/output system. In BIOS, there are three are main functions. It initializes the hardware when the computer stars, loads the operating system and providing basic supports for devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, and serial ports. BIOS is always present, but it is visible only when the computer is turned on, before the operating system takes control.


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