Estimate benefits of interactions of Psychology and IT



The role of psychology in the study of the problem of creating artificial intelligence cannot be overestimated. First of all, the interest results of the study of human thinking for the purpose of modeling and playing on computer systems. In addition, actively studied problems of automation of human activity and the psychological characteristics of human communication with a computer, although many experts believe that the actual user communicates only with the programmer "through the computer." Note that some of the results of computer science and cybernetics may be used in conducting psychological research. On the other hand, the terms of psychology play an increasingly important role in the study of the problem of creating artificial intelligence systems. At the same time, under artificial consciousness mean higher control system of the machine, the owner of knowledge about themselves and their surroundings. Thus, in the field of intelligent systems psychology and science, first of all - computer science is interrelated and can interact constructively. Highly relevant is the study of the psychological effects of the use of information technology. Computers and information systems are used in. all new areas of human activity, affecting mental processes and transforming not only individual action, but also human activity in general. From a psychological point of view, the interaction of man with the systems of computer converts activities through its mediation sign systems. Despite the variety of active Internet users, there are three main types of their activities: cognitive, gaming and communication. These activities correspond to the varieties of global change (transformation) of the person:

1. Enthusiasm for knowledge in programming and telecommunications, or, as an extreme option, hacking;

2. Passion for computer games and, in particular, games via the Internet or, as an extreme option, the so-called game addiction.;

3. Passion for network communication or as a last resort. Alternatively, so-called Internet addiction - a kind of dependence on the internet. Only in extreme cases of this kind of personal transformation are entirely  negative; Contrary to popular belief, they can lead to a positive development of personality.

 

 

Explain the modern perspectives of using IT-technologies in psychological practice

Modern requirements to the level of scientific research make it necessary to use information technologies at every stage of the growing volumes of psychological information, increased requirements for the use of mathematical methods of data processing and the volume of the test sample leads to the need to automate the individual components work of the psychologist, including not only routine operations (e.g., testing), but also the organization of its practical and research work. Moreover, in psychology there is a gradual transition from the field of computer technology subsidiary within the scope of the mandatory funds, the same way as has already happened in many areas of practice. The main directions of development of information technologies in psychology: computer psych diagnostics; Organization of experiment and statistical analysis of results; the formation of databases and information systems. By providing a list you can add modeling of psychic phenomena and processes at the stage of research and the organization of primary data processing automation.

There are the following advantages of using automated systems for making and processing the results of psychological research: a substantial reduction in the number of errors made when transferring data from paper to the database and reduce the time to primary processing.

Thus, in the field of intelligent systems psychology and science, first of all - computer science is interrelated and can interact constructively.

 

 

Describe the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument

In the 1970s Kenneth Thomas and Ralph Kilmann identified five basic forms of behavior in a conflict situation, which differ in the degree of interaction and assertiveness. They argue that people tend to prefer any one style of conflict resolution, but added that different situations may not be the most useful variety of styles. Test Thomas-Kilmann conflict allows you to determine which form of behavior you tend to the resolution of conflict situations.

Forms of behavior in a conflict situation in the theory of Thomas and Kilmann:

Competition: People who are prone to this form of behavior take a tough stance and know what they want. They usually operate from a position of strength based on such things as position, rank, competence and the ability to persuade. This style can be useful in emergencies when you need to immediately make a decision; when a decision does not like; or protection from a man who is trying to exploit the situation for their own purposes. However, if this form of behavior is used in situations where there is no urgent need to make a decision, people can stay a feeling of depression, frustration and resentment.

Collaboration: People inclined to cooperate in solving the conflict, trying to take into account the needs of all parties to the conflict. These people can be highly assertive but unlike the opponent, they effectively work together and understand the importance of each person. This style is useful when you need to bring together different points of view to achieve the most optimal solution; when early in the team already had conflicts; or, when the situation concerns very important things to make concessions.

The trade-off: People who prefer to resolve conflicts of this type, try to find a solution that will satisfy everyone, at least in part. It is expected that each member of the team lost something, including one who suggested a compromise. Compromise is useful when the price is above the price of concessions to the conflict, when two identical in strength opponent come to a standstill, and when the deadline is approaching work.

Accommodation: The main feature of this form of behavior in conflict resolution is a willingness to consider the needs of others at the expense of their own needs. Compliant person often knows when to give way to others, but it can be persuaded to obey, even when it is not justified. Such a person is not very sure of himself, but always ready to cooperate. This style is suitable when the subject of the conflict is more important to the other party when the agreement is worth more than a victory, or when you want to get lost favor. However, you cannot return the favor, and as a result, this approach is not advisable to use if you want to achieve the best results.

Avoiding: People who are prone to this form of behavior, looking for ways to overcome this conflict. The main features of this style is the transfer of decision-making on the subject of the conflict, making a wrong decision, and not wanting to offend anyone's feelings. This style can be justified in the case when the victory is not possible, in principle, when the differences are small or when the other person is better able to address the issue. However, in many situations this is a very weak and ineffective approach.

Once you understand the difference in the behaviors of conflict resolution, you can choose the most appropriate approach (or set of approaches) for the situation you are in. In addition, you can think about your own instinctive approach, and find out how you can change it if necessary.

Ideally you can adopt an approach that is more appropriate in a given situation, solve problems, take into account the legitimate interests of other people and improves the disturbed working relationship.

 

 


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